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M.3 Vocabulary

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Term
Definition
approximate   close in value or amount, about, not exact  
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area   the number of square units needed to cover a surface or figure  
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attribute   a characteristic or component of a geometric figure  
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bar graph   a graph using bars to show data  
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base   the parallel faces of a prism or the face a solid object stands on  
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coins   a small, flat, and usually round piece of metal issued by a government as money  
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compare   to determine whether one number or set is more than, less than or equal to another number or set using symbols  
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compose   to put smaller values together to form a number  
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composite figure   a new shape made by combining two or more shapes  
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cone   a three-dimensional solid with one base that is a circle and a curved surface that meets at a vertex  
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congruent   having same size and shape  
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consecutive   whole numbers that follow each other without any gaps  
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credit   borrowing money or buying something now and agreeing to pay it back in the future  
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cylinder   a three-dimensional solid with two parallel, congruent circular bases and one curved surface  
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data   list of collected numerical data  
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decompose   to separate a number into two or more parts  
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denominator   in a fraction, the number of equal parts or groups in the whole; bottom number  
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difference   the amount left over when one number is subtracted from another; the answer to a subtraction problem  
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digit   any of the symbols 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 7, 8, or 9  
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dime   has a value of ten cents; also written as 10¢ or $0.10  
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distance   the length between two points or objects  
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dollar sign   a symbol placed before a number to represent money  
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dot plot   a display of responses along a number line with dots used to indicate the number of times a response occurred  
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edge   a line segment where two faces of a three dimensional solid meet  
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eighths   eight equal parts in the whole  
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equal to   having the same overall value  
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equation   a number sentence that uses the equal sign to show that two expressions have the same value  
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equivalent   having the same value  
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estimate   a strategic choice of number  
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even   a number when divided into groups of two has 0 remaining; divisible by two  
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expanded form   a number written showing the value of its digits  
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expression   a mathematical phrase that contains numbers and operators(+ - x ) ex: 3 x 4  
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face   a flat surface of a three-dimensional figure  
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fourths   four equal parts in the whole  
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frequency table   a way to display data that shows how many times a response occurs in a set of data  
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greater than   the relationship between numbers when one number's value is more than another number's value  
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halves   two equal parts in the whole  
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income   money earned for work done  
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input-output table   a table that uses a rule to relate one set of numbers to another set of numbers  
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justify   showing your work and explaining your thinking  
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length   the distance from one end to the other end of an object  
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less than   the relationship between numbers when one number's value is less than another number's value  
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nickel   has a value of 5 cents; also written as 5¢ or $0.05  
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number pairs   two numbers that are related  
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number sentence   a mathematical sentence written using numbers and symbols  
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numerator   in a fraction, the number of parts counted; top number  
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odd   a number when it is divided into groups of two with one remaining; not divisible by two  
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parallel   a pair of lines that are equal distance apart and will never meet  
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parallelogram   a quadrilateral with two sets of parallel sides  
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part of a whole   the fraction that represents a relationship between a whole and its part  
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partition   equally separate a number line, strip, region or group of objects  
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pattern   repeated order following a rule  
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penny   has a value of 1 cent; also written as 1¢ or $0.01  
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perimeter   the distance around a two-dimensional figure  
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pictograph   a graph using pictures or symbols to show data  
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place value   is the value a digit has based on its position in a number  
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polygon   a two-dimensional shape with 3 or more straight sides  
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pyramid   a three-dimensional figure containing a base that is a polygon and the faces are triangles that share a common vertex  
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quadrilateral   a polygon with 4 sides  
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quater   has a value of 25 cents; also written as 25¢ or $0.25  
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reasonableness   using logic to justify the solution to a problem  
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regular polygon   a polygon having all equal sides  
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relationship   the reason or way numbers or objects are connected or organized  
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rhombus   a quadrilateral with four congruent sides and two sets of parallel sides  
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same-size whole   refers to wholes that are the same size  
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spending   trading money for goods or services  
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sphere   a three dimensional solid in which every point on its curved surface is the same distance from the center  
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standard form   writing numbers using digits  
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sum   the result to adding numbers or quantities together; the answer to an addition problem  
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summarize a data set   analyze the information in a graph  
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trapezoid   a quadrilateral with one set of parallel sides  
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unit fraction   a fraction with a numerator of one; names one part of the whole  
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value   worth of a number, symbol, or object  
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vertex   the point where two or more edges or line segments meet  
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weight   a measure of how heavy an object is  
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word form   a number written in words  
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