Physics
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| The study of science today branches into the study of the ___________ sciences and the _________ sciences. | life/physical
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| Zoology (physical or life science) | life
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| Physics | physical
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| Chemistry | physical
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| Biology | life
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| Botany | life
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| Geology | physical
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| Astronomy | physical
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| the study of the nature of things such as motion, forces, energy, matter, heat, sound, light, and the composition of atoms | physics
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| the study of how matter is put together, how atoms combine to form molecules, and how the molecules combine to make up matter | chemistry
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| the study of matter is alive | biology
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| equations are a compact way to express | relationships between concepts
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| two scientists usually credited as the principal founders of the scientific method | Galileo Galilei and Francis Bacon
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| in a ________ experiment, there are usually two or more experimental groups whose results are compared to a ____ group that is kept under normal, standard conditions | controlled/control
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| the variable that the scientist changes on purpose is the ____ variable | independent
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| the resulting change is called the _____ variable | dependent
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| In writing a hypothesis, what is the format that is used that is used? | The theory, the scientific language of the theory, synthesis of a large body of information
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| a close agreement by competent observers who make a series of observations of the same phenomenon | fact
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| a hypothesis that has been tested over and over again and not contradicted | laws
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| an educated guess that is not fully accepted until demostrated by experiment | hypothesis
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| What should happen if a scientist finds evidence that contradicts a hypothesis, law, or principle? | it must be abandoned or changed
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| what must be true in order for a hypothesis to be scientific? | there must be a test for proving it wrong
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| scientists perform an _______ to test a _______ | experiment/hypothesis
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| Science is a method of answering __________ | theoretical questions
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| technology is a method of solving ________ | pracitcal problems
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| involves the design creation of something for the use of enjoyment of humans (science or technology?) | technology
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| has to do with discovering facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature (science or technology?) | science
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| studying the effect of shape on flight of objects (science of technology?) | science
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| designing a new golf ball (science or technology?) | technology
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| making swine-flu vaccines (science or technology?) | technology
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| determining the cause of swine-flu (science or technology?) | science
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| concerned with the source, purpose, and meaning of everything | religion
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| concerned with the value of human interactions as they pertain to the senses | art
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| concerned with discovering and recording natural phenomena | science
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| science and religion do not contradict one another because the domain of science is ________ | natural order
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| the domain of religion is _____________ | nature's purpose
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| _____ are the building blocks of life | atoms
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| ________ are materials composed of only one kind of atom | elements
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| The number of known elements is currently about ____ | 115
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| Of these _______ are naturally occurring elements and the rest are man-made in laboratories | 90
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| Which five elements make up most of living things? | Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, and Calcium
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| Most of the natural elements are formed by ________ reactions that occur in _____ | fusion, stars
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| Which element is the most abudant element in the universe? | Hygrogen
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| Research has confirmed that about 23 percent of the matter in the universe is composed of unseen _______________ | dark matter
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| Atoms cannot be seen with visible light because they are smaller than the __________ of light | wavelength
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| Atoms in your body have been around since long before the solar system came into existence, more than __________ years ago | 4.6 billion
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| __________________ is perpetual jiggling of particles that are just large enough to be seen caused by the motion of___________________ | Brownian Motion, Neighboring Atoms and Scanning electron molecules
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| A ________ is the smallest particle of a substance consisting of two or more atoms that bond together by sharing electrons | molecule
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| Matter is a ________ or ________ at room temperature is usually made of molecules | gas, liquid
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| Which sense can humans use to detect the presence of molecules such as sulfur dioxide, ammonia, or ether? | smell
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| A ________ compound is a substance that is made of atoms of different elements combined in a fixed proportion | compound
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| The ___________ of a compound tells the proportions of each kind of atom in the compound | chemical formula
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| __________________ is perpetual jiggling of particles that are just large enough to be seen caused by the motion of___________________ | Brownian Motion, Neighboring Atoms and Scanning electron molecules
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| A ________ is the smallest particle of a substance consisting of two or more atoms that bond together by sharing electrons | molecule
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| Matter is a ________ or ________ at room temperature is usually made of molecules | gas, liquid
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| Which sense can humans use to detect the presence of molecules such as sulfur dioxide, ammonia, or ether? | smell
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| A ________ compound is a substance that is made of atoms of different elements combined in a fixed proportion | compound
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| The ___________ of a compound tells the proportions of each kind of atom in the compound | chemical formula
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| How many elements are found in the compound magnesium bromated | 3
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| Where is most of the mass of an atom located? | nucleus
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| principal building blocks of an atom's nucleus | nucleons
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| nucleons in an electrically neutral state | neutrons
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| necleons in an electrically charged state | protons
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| atoms of the same element having different numbers of neutrons | isotopes
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| the number of protons in atom's nucleus | atomic number
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| Protons repel _______ but attract ________ | protons, electrons
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| Electrons repel ______ but attract ________ | electrons, protons
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| An atom with a net charde is an _____ | ion
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| The _______________ is a chart that lists atoms by their atomic number and by their electron arrangements | periodic table
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| _____________ are located on the left side of the periodic table and ________________ on the right | metals, non-metals
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| In the _______ phase, matter consists of positive ions and free electrons | plasma
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| The plasma phase exists only at _____________ | higher temperatures
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| the time it takes for one back-and-forth motion of a pendulum is called the ______ | period
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| One complete back-and-forth motion of a pendulum is called a ______ | cycle
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| List the two things that determine the period of a pendulum. ______ and _________ | Length and Acceleration of gravity
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| distance between successive identical parts of a wave | wavelength
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| low point on a wave | trough
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| vibrations per unit of time | frequency
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| high point on a wave | crest
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| distance from a midpoint to a crest | amplitude
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| hertz is the unit of measuring this | frequency
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| energy of a wave | amplitude
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| the speed of sound in air is about _____ m/s to _____m/s | 330, 350
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| an __________ is a regular arrangement of places where wave effects are increased, decreased, or neutralized as waves pass through each other | interference pattern
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| the points on a standing wave where no motion occurs are called ____________ | nodes
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| Standing waves occur because of __________ | interference
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| The blue shift and red shift refer to how the Doppler effect affects _________ waves | light
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| An ___________ in frequency is called a blue shift, while a ___________ in frequency is called a red shift | increase, decrease
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| Bow waves from when the wave source moves ______ than the wave speed | faster
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| A shock wave has the shape of a _____ | cone
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| sound waves with frequencies below the normal range are _______________ waves while sound waves with frequencies above the normal range are _____________ waves | infrasonic, ultrasonic
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| A pulse of compresses air is called a ________, and a pulse of low-pressure air is called a ___________ | compression, rarefaction
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| For all wave motion, it is not the ________ that travels, but a _________ that travels | medium, pulse
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| The speed of sound in a gas depends primarily on _________ and ______________ | temperature, mass of the particles in gas
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| _______ in the air increases the speed of sound in air | water vapor
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| What is the intensity of sound proportional to? | the square of the amplitude of the wave
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| We interpret intensity of sound as ___________ | loudness
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| Natural frequency is the frequency at which an ______ object, once energized, will vibrate | elastic
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| Turning a radio station dial uses the principle of ________ | resonance
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| a _______________ of a sound wave corresponds to a crest of a transverse wave | compression
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| a _______________ of a sound wave corresponds to a trough of a transverse wave | rarefaction
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| When the crests of one wave overlap the crests of another wave, there is _____________ interference and a decrease in _________ | destructive, amplitude
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| Anti-noise technology use _________ interference to protect the hearing of jackhammer users | destructive
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| vision results from streamers or filaments emmitted by the eye making contact with an object | Euclid
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| Light is a wave | Huygens
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| Light consists of tiny particles | Newton
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| Light consists of tiny particles of energy that travel as waves | Einstein
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| _______________ are massless bundles of concentrated electromagnetic energy | photons
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| Albert Michelson received the Nobel Prize for using a system of mirrors to measure _______________ | the speed of light
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| How much time does it take light to travel from the sun to Earth? | eight minutes
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| What is a light year? | distance light can travel in one year
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| What is the source of energy in light? | accelerating electric charge
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| The energy in an electromagnetic wave is part _______ and part __________ | magnetic, electric
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| Name the different waves that make up the electromagnetic spectrum, in order from lowest to highest freqency | radio, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet waves, x-rays, gamma rays
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| Electromagnetic waves of frequencies slightly lower than the red waves of visible light are called _________ | infrared
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| Electromagnetic waves of frequencies slightly higher than the violet waves of visible light are called __________ | ultraviolet
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| _______ light and ______ light do NOT pass through glass while ____ light does | UV, infrared, visible
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| Our atmosphere is transparent to ________ light and __________ light, but almost opaque to ___________ light | visible,infrared,ultraviolet
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| Would you position a light source close or far from an object in order to produce a sharp shadow? | close
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| A total shadow is called an ________ | umbra
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| If you shake a rope up and down, it becomes __________ polarized | vertically
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| If you skake a rope from side to side, it becomes ___________ polarized | horizontally
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