Acoustics of Fricatives and Affricates, Stridents and Non Stridents
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| Stridents of English | vc Alveolar Fricative, vcls Alveolar Fricative, Vc Post Alveolar Fricative, vcls Post Alveolar Fricative
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| Description of Strident Properties (English) -noise intensity, - how it's produced, -energy levels | -Intense noise energy (though not necessarily loud) -Turbulent noise of the voiced fricatives is modulated (caused) by the laryngeal vibrations. The turbulent noise is pulsed by the voicing source.
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| Articulatory Process of Fricatives | Articulation:1) Formation of a narrow constriction somewhere in the vocal tract 2) development of turbulent air 3) generation of turbulent noise
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| Acoustic Properties of Fricatives (overview) | Have relatively long durations of noise, and it is this lengthy interval of aperiodic energy that distinguishes them as a sound class
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| Order in which the Acoustic Energy of a Fricative Increases by Manner of Articulation | 1) Dental Fricatives, 2) Labial Fricatives, 3) Alveolar Fricatives, 4) Palatal Fricatives
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| In Post Vocalic Position, the acoustic cues for the Affricate-Fricative distinction are: (4) | 1) the rise time and duration of the segment (Affricates rise faster (because of the stop segment)) 2) the presence or absence of a release burst (present in Affricates) 3) the duration of a stop gap (longer for Affricates)
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| Voiced Stridents (noisiness in contrast to other fricatives) Voiceless Stridents (noisiness in contrast to other fricatives) | Which sounds are: Quietest of Fricatives/Loudest of Fricatives ?
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| Spectral distinction of non Stridents in energy and spectra.. | Non Stridents are weak in overall energy and produce a fairly flat spectra.
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| Articulatory Process of Affricates in English | -Complex sounds, involving a sequence of Stop & Fricative articulations. -Like Stops, Affricates are produced with a period of complete obstruction in the vocal tract. - Like Fricatives, the Affricate is associated with a period of friction.
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| Acoustic Properties of Affricates | - Friction interval tends to be shorter than that for fricatives -Mean Rise Time for is around half of that of Fricatives
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| Non Stridents Acoustic Properties | The overall noise energy of Non Stridents is obviously less than that for the Stridents. -Quasi periodic modulation of the noise by glottal pulses is evident for the VOICED Non Stridents
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| Acoustic Distinction between Voiced and Unvoiced Non Stridents | - The Quasi periodic modulation of the noise caused by the glottal pulses is Absent from the Voiceless Non Stridents (since they aren't voiced and the vocal chords aren't vibrating)
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