Gastrulation, neurulation, folding
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What is gastrulaiton? | show 🗑
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What are the 3 germ layers? | show 🗑
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show | Hypoblast and epiblast
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What does the bilaminar embryonic disc turn into? | show 🗑
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What is the embryo referred to as during gastrulation? | show 🗑
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show | Formation of primitive streak
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show | Thickened linear band in the median plane of the dorsal aspect of the embryonic disc
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How is the primitive streak formed? | show 🗑
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What happens to the cranial end of the primitive streak? | show 🗑
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show | End proliferates to form a primitive node, narrow groove (primitive groove) develops in primitive streak that is continuous with a small depression in the primitive node - primitive pit
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show | Cells leave deep surface of streak and start to move between epiblast and hypoblast - forming mesenchyme which forms mesoblast which forms the embryonic mesoderm
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show | Embryonic CT which forms supporting tissues of the embryo such as CT
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show | Undifferentiated mesoderm
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What does the mesoblast have the potential to form? | show 🗑
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What is the mesoderm derived from? | show 🗑
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How is the endoderm formed? | show 🗑
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How is the ectoderm formed? | show 🗑
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What are all 3 germ layers derived from? | show 🗑
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What can mesenchymal cells derived from primitive streak differentiate to? | show 🗑
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show | Diminishes in relative size and becomes an insignificant structure in the sacrococcygeal region
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show | By end of 4th week
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show | Some mesenchymal cells dive into the primitive pit and migrate cranially to form cord
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show | Notochordal process acquires a lumen and becomes the notochordal canal
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What is the role of the notochord? | show 🗑
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show | Cranially between ectoderm and endoderm until it reaches the prechordal plate
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show | Small circular area of columnar endodermal cells where ectoderm and endoderm are fused
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what does the prechordal plate give rise to? | show 🗑
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How does the notochordal process elongate? | show 🗑
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show | Extends into notochordal process forming notochordal canal
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What shape is the notochordal process after forming the canal? | show 🗑
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What happens to the floor of the notochordal process? | show 🗑
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show | Degenerate, resulting in formation of openings in the floor of the notochordal process -
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What do the openings in the floor of the notochordal process allow? | show 🗑
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show | No, become confluent and floor of notochordal canal disappears
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What happens after the floor of the notochordal canal disappears? | show 🗑
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How is the notochord formed? | show 🗑
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show | Becomes detached from endoderm of the umbilical vesicle, which again becomes a continuous layer
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What is the function of the notochord in the beginning of embryo? | show 🗑
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What happens to the notochord later in embryo? | show 🗑
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What is the primordium of the CNS? | show 🗑
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show | Will become oropharyngeal membrane, prevents further notochord growth, signaling center for controlling development cranial structures
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How is the cardiogenic mesoderm formed? | show 🗑
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show | Cardiogenic mesoderm
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show | Forms caudally to primitive streak
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What is the future site of the anus? | show 🗑
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show | Small, vascularized diverticulum from the caudal wall of umbilical vesicle, extending into connecting stalk
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What is the function of alantois? | show 🗑
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What does the ectoderm of the neural plate give rise to? | show 🗑
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show | Corresponds in length to underlying notochord (rostral to primitive node)
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What happens to the neural plate as the notochord elongates? | show 🗑
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show | Invaginates along its central axis to form a longitudinal median neural fold and then neural groove
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show | The neural folds move together and fuse, converting the neural plate into the neural tube
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show | Neural tube
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What are neural crest cells? | show 🗑
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show | Dorso-laterally on each side of the tube
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Where do neural crest cells migrate to? | show 🗑
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What is the neural crest | show 🗑
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show | 4th week
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show | Cells derived from primitive node form thick longitudinal column of cells - each column is continuous laterally with intermediate mesoderm
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show | Extraembryonic mesoderm covering umbilical vesicle and amnion
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What happens to the paraxial mesoderm? | show 🗑
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show | Each side of the developing neural tube
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show | Axial skeleton and associated musculature as well as to the adjacent dermis of skin
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show | Isolated coelmoic spaces in the lateral mesoderm and cardiogenic mesoderm
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show | Isolated spaces in lateral mesoderm and cardiogenic mesoderm soon coalesce to form a single horseshoe shaped cavity -
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What does the intraembryonic coelom divide? | show 🗑
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What are the two layers of the lateral mesoderm? | show 🗑
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show | Lateral mesoderm located beneath ectodermal epithelium and continuous with extraembryonic mesoderm covering amnion
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show | Lateral mesoderm located adjacent to endoderm and continuous with extraemryonic mesoderm covering umbilical vesicle
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What is the somatopleure? | show 🗑
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show | Splanchnic mesoderm and underlying embryonic endoderm forming the embryonic gut (splanchnopleure)
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show | Divided into 3 body cavities - pericardial, pleural, peritoneal
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How does the embryo fold during the 3rd week? | show 🗑
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show | Brain vesicles and a few somites
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As the embryo folds laterally, what begins to appear? | show 🗑
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What forms the foregut? | show 🗑
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Where is the foregut located | show 🗑
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show | Oropharyngeal membrane
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show | Primordium of the mouth
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show | Lies caudal to heart where it develops into central tendon of the diaphragm and separates abdominal cavity from thoracic cavity
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Where is the pericordial coelom after folding? | show 🗑
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What projects over the cloacal membrane as embryo grows? | show 🗑
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show | Part of endodermal germ layer
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What is the connecting stalk attached to? | show 🗑
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show | Connecting stalk
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What produces lateral folding? | show 🗑
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show | As abdominal walls form, part of endoderm germ layer is incorporated as midgut
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Is there still a wide connection between the midgut and umbilical vesicle after lateral folding? | show 🗑
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show | Reduced to a relatively narrow umbilical region
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show | CNS, PNS, sensory epihelia (eyes, ears, nose), epidermis and its appendages, mammary/pituitary/subcutaneous glands, enamel of teeth, melanocytes, muscle, CT, bones of pharyngeal arch origin, suprerenal medulla, meninges
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show | Ectoderm
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What does mesoderm give rise to? | show 🗑
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show | Epithelial lining of the Gi and respiratory tracts, urinary bladder, most of ureter, tympanic cavity; tympanic antrum; pharyngotympanic tube; parenchymal of tonsils; thyroid and parathyroid glands; thymus; LV; pancrease;
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Created by:
nnguyen44