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Gastrulation, neurulation, folding

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
What is gastrulaiton?   show
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What are the 3 germ layers?   show
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show Hypoblast and epiblast  
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What does the bilaminar embryonic disc turn into?   show
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What is the embryo referred to as during gastrulation?   show
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show Formation of primitive streak  
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show Thickened linear band in the median plane of the dorsal aspect of the embryonic disc  
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How is the primitive streak formed?   show
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What happens to the cranial end of the primitive streak?   show
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show End proliferates to form a primitive node, narrow groove (primitive groove) develops in primitive streak that is continuous with a small depression in the primitive node - primitive pit  
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show Cells leave deep surface of streak and start to move between epiblast and hypoblast - forming mesenchyme which forms mesoblast which forms the embryonic mesoderm  
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show Embryonic CT which forms supporting tissues of the embryo such as CT  
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show Undifferentiated mesoderm  
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What does the mesoblast have the potential to form?   show
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What is the mesoderm derived from?   show
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How is the endoderm formed?   show
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How is the ectoderm formed?   show
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What are all 3 germ layers derived from?   show
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What can mesenchymal cells derived from primitive streak differentiate to?   show
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show Diminishes in relative size and becomes an insignificant structure in the sacrococcygeal region  
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show By end of 4th week  
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show Some mesenchymal cells dive into the primitive pit and migrate cranially to form cord  
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show Notochordal process acquires a lumen and becomes the notochordal canal  
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What is the role of the notochord?   show
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show Cranially between ectoderm and endoderm until it reaches the prechordal plate  
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show Small circular area of columnar endodermal cells where ectoderm and endoderm are fused  
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what does the prechordal plate give rise to?   show
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How does the notochordal process elongate?   show
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show Extends into notochordal process forming notochordal canal  
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What shape is the notochordal process after forming the canal?   show
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What happens to the floor of the notochordal process?   show
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show Degenerate, resulting in formation of openings in the floor of the notochordal process -  
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What do the openings in the floor of the notochordal process allow?   show
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show No, become confluent and floor of notochordal canal disappears  
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What happens after the floor of the notochordal canal disappears?   show
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How is the notochord formed?   show
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show Becomes detached from endoderm of the umbilical vesicle, which again becomes a continuous layer  
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What is the function of the notochord in the beginning of embryo?   show
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What happens to the notochord later in embryo?   show
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What is the primordium of the CNS?   show
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show Will become oropharyngeal membrane, prevents further notochord growth, signaling center for controlling development cranial structures  
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How is the cardiogenic mesoderm formed?   show
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show Cardiogenic mesoderm  
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show Forms caudally to primitive streak  
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What is the future site of the anus?   show
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show Small, vascularized diverticulum from the caudal wall of umbilical vesicle, extending into connecting stalk  
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What is the function of alantois?   show
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What does the ectoderm of the neural plate give rise to?   show
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show Corresponds in length to underlying notochord (rostral to primitive node)  
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What happens to the neural plate as the notochord elongates?   show
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show Invaginates along its central axis to form a longitudinal median neural fold and then neural groove  
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show The neural folds move together and fuse, converting the neural plate into the neural tube  
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show Neural tube  
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What are neural crest cells?   show
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show Dorso-laterally on each side of the tube  
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Where do neural crest cells migrate to?   show
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What is the neural crest   show
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show 4th week  
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show Cells derived from primitive node form thick longitudinal column of cells - each column is continuous laterally with intermediate mesoderm  
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show Extraembryonic mesoderm covering umbilical vesicle and amnion  
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What happens to the paraxial mesoderm?   show
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show Each side of the developing neural tube  
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show Axial skeleton and associated musculature as well as to the adjacent dermis of skin  
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show Isolated coelmoic spaces in the lateral mesoderm and cardiogenic mesoderm  
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show Isolated spaces in lateral mesoderm and cardiogenic mesoderm soon coalesce to form a single horseshoe shaped cavity -  
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What does the intraembryonic coelom divide?   show
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What are the two layers of the lateral mesoderm?   show
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show Lateral mesoderm located beneath ectodermal epithelium and continuous with extraembryonic mesoderm covering amnion  
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show Lateral mesoderm located adjacent to endoderm and continuous with extraemryonic mesoderm covering umbilical vesicle  
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What is the somatopleure?   show
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show Splanchnic mesoderm and underlying embryonic endoderm forming the embryonic gut (splanchnopleure)  
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show Divided into 3 body cavities - pericardial, pleural, peritoneal  
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How does the embryo fold during the 3rd week?   show
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show Brain vesicles and a few somites  
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As the embryo folds laterally, what begins to appear?   show
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What forms the foregut?   show
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Where is the foregut located   show
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show Oropharyngeal membrane  
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show Primordium of the mouth  
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show Lies caudal to heart where it develops into central tendon of the diaphragm and separates abdominal cavity from thoracic cavity  
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Where is the pericordial coelom after folding?   show
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What projects over the cloacal membrane as embryo grows?   show
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show Part of endodermal germ layer  
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What is the connecting stalk attached to?   show
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show Connecting stalk  
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What produces lateral folding?   show
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show As abdominal walls form, part of endoderm germ layer is incorporated as midgut  
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Is there still a wide connection between the midgut and umbilical vesicle after lateral folding?   show
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show Reduced to a relatively narrow umbilical region  
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show CNS, PNS, sensory epihelia (eyes, ears, nose), epidermis and its appendages, mammary/pituitary/subcutaneous glands, enamel of teeth, melanocytes, muscle, CT, bones of pharyngeal arch origin, suprerenal medulla, meninges  
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show Ectoderm  
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What does mesoderm give rise to?   show
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show Epithelial lining of the Gi and respiratory tracts, urinary bladder, most of ureter, tympanic cavity; tympanic antrum; pharyngotympanic tube; parenchymal of tonsils; thyroid and parathyroid glands; thymus; LV; pancrease;  
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Created by: nnguyen44