Weathering and Soil Formation
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| Breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth's surface | weathering
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| Movement of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity | erosion
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| The 2 types of weathering | chemical & mechanical
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| Rock is physically broken down into smaller pieces | mechanical weathering
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| 5 forces of mechanical weathering | release of pressure, plant growth, freezing and thawing, abrasion, animal activity
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| The grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by water, ice, wind, or gravity | abrasion
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| Rock is broken down through chemical changes | chemical weathering
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| 5 agents of chemical weathering | water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, living organisms, acid rain
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| Most important cause of chemical weathering | water
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| Causes iron to rust | oxygen
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| The process by which oxygen weathers rock | oxidation
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| Forms carbonic acid | carbon dioxide
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| Pollution can change water into this | acid rain
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| These living organisms have a mild acid in their roots that eats away rock | lichens
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| Most important factors that affect the rate of weathering | type of rock, and climate
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