Chapter 12: Chemistr
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| is the study of substance that contain the element carbon | organic chemistry
🗑
|
||||
| All hair color produces, chemical texturizers, shampoos, conditioners, styling aids, nail enhancements, and skin care products are | organic chemicals
🗑
|
||||
| is the study of substances that do not contain the element carbon but may contain the element hydrogen | inorganic chemistry
🗑
|
||||
| Most_____________ do not burn because they do not contain carbon. ____________ are not, and never were, alive. | Inorganic substances
🗑
|
||||
| is any substance that occupies space and has mass (weights) | matter
🗑
|
||||
| has physical and chemical properties and exists in the form of a solid, liquid, or gas | matter
🗑
|
||||
| Since ___________ is made from chemicals, everything made out of ________ is a chemical | matter
🗑
|
||||
| is the simplest form of chemical matter | element
🗑
|
||||
| It cannot be broken down into a simpler substance without a loss of identity | element
🗑
|
||||
| There are ____ known elements today and of these _____ occur naturally and the rest are produced by synthetic methods from nuclear reactions | 118/98
🗑
|
||||
| is the basic unit of matter with a nucleus at the center surrounded by negatively charged electrons (E) that move around the nucleus in orbits | atom
🗑
|
||||
| is a chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite (fixed) proportions | molecule
🗑
|
||||
| also known as compounds, are a chemical combination of two or more atoms of difference elements in definite (fixed) proportions | compound molecules
🗑
|
||||
| Sodium chloride (NaCl), common table salt, is an example of | compound molecules
🗑
|
||||
| All matter exists in one of three different physical forms: | solid, liquid, gas
🗑
|
||||
| is a change in the form or physical properties of a substance, without a chemical reaction or the creation of a new substance | physical change
🗑
|
||||
| is a change in the chemical composition or make-up of a substance | chemical change
🗑
|
||||
| aka redox, is a chemical reaction in which oxidation and reduction take place at the same time | Oxidation-reduction,
🗑
|
||||
| When oxygen is chemically combined with a substance, the substance is _______ | oxidized
🗑
|
||||
| When oxygen is chemically removed from a substance, the substance is ________ | reduced
🗑
|
||||
| Under certain circumstances, chemical reactions can release a significant amount of heat. These types of chemical reactions are called | exothermic reactions
🗑
|
||||
| is a physical combination of matter in any proportion | physical mixture
🗑
|
||||
| is a stable physical mixture of two or more substances in a solvent | solution
🗑
|
||||
| is the substance that is dissolved into solution | solute
🗑
|
||||
| is the substance that dissolves the solute and makes the solution. | solvent
🗑
|
||||
| liquids are mutually soluble, meaning that they can be mixed together to form clear solutions | Miscible
🗑
|
||||
| liquids are not capable of being mixed together to form stable solutions. | Immiscible
🗑
|
||||
| is an unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances (substances that normally will not stay blended) plus a special ingredient called an emulsifier | emulsion
🗑
|
||||
| are substances that allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify | Surfactants
🗑
|
||||
| The term _____________ is a contractions for surface active agents— substances that allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify | surfactant
🗑
|
||||
| A surfactant molecule has two distinct parts: the head of the surfactant molecule is _________, capable of combining with or attracting water(water-loving), and the tail is __________, having an affinity for or an attraction to fat and oils(oil-loving). | hydrophillic/lipophillic
🗑
|
||||
| are alkaline substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products. They are often used in place of ammonia because they produce less odor. | Alkanolamines
🗑
|
||||
| is a colorless gas with a pungent odor that is composed of hydrogen and nitrogen. It is used to raise the pH in hair products to allow the solution to penetrate the hair shaft | Ammonia
🗑
|
||||
| are examples of ammonia compounds that are used to perform chemical services in a salon. | Ammonium hydroxide and ammonium thioglycolate
🗑
|
||||
| is a sweet, colorless, oily substance. It is used as a solvent and as a moisturizer in skin and body creams. | Glycerin
🗑
|
||||
| is the separation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions | Ionization
🗑
|
||||
| An ion with a negative electrical charge is an | anion
🗑
|
||||
| An ion with a positive electrical charge is a | cation
🗑
|
||||
| is a measure of the acidity and alkalinity of a substance | pH scale
🗑
|
||||
| a pH below 7 indicates an ____ solution, and a pH above 7 indicates an ___ solution | acidic/ alkaline
🗑
|
||||
| means multiples of 10 | logarithm
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
kkoenenn