Chapter 3: Part 2
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| Nervous System | An interacting network of neurons that conveys electrochemical information throughout the body
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| Central Nervous System (CNS) | The part of the nervous system that is composed of the brain and the spinal cord
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| Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) | The part of the nervous system that connects the central nervous system to the body's organs and muscles
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| Somatic Nervous System | A set of nerves that conveys information between voluntary muscles and the central nervous system
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| Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) | A set of nerves that carries involuntary and automatic commands that control blood vessels, body organs, and glands
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| Sympathetic Nervous System | A set of nerves that prepares the body for action in challenging or threatening situations
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| Parasympathetic Nervous System | A set of nerves that helps the body return to a normal resting state
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| Spinal Reflexes | Simple pathways in the nervous system that rapidly generate muscle contractions
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| Reflex Arc | A neural pathway that controls reflex actions
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| Hindbrain | The area of the brain that coordinates information coming into and out of the spinal cord
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| Medulla | An extension of the spinal cord into the skull that coordinates heart rate, circulation, and respiration
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| Reticular Formation | A brain structure that regulates sleep, wakefulness, and levels of arousal
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| Cerebellum | A large structure of the hindbrain that controls fine motor skills
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| Pons | A brain structure that relays information from the cerebellum to the rest of the brain
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| Tectum | A part of the midbrain that orients an organism in the environment
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| Tegmentum | A part of the midbrain that is involved in movement and arousal
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| Cerebral Cortex | The outermost layer of the brain, visible to the naked eye and divided into to hemispheres
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| Subcortical Structures | Areas of the forebrain housed under the cerebral cortex near the very center of the brain
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| Thalamus | A subcortical structure that relays and filters information from the senses and transmits the information to the cerebral cortex
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| Hypothalamus | A subcortical structure that regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, and sexual behavior
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| Limbic System | A group of forebrain structures including the hypothalamus, the hippocampus, and the amygdala, which are involved in motivation, emotion, learning, and memory
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| Hippocampus | A structure critical for creating new memories and integrating them into a network of knowledge so that they can be stored indefinitely in other parts of the cerebral cortex
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| Basal Ganglia | A set of subcortical structures that directs intentional movements
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| Endocrine System | A network of glands that produce and secrete into the bloodstream chemical messages know as hormones, which influence a wide variety of basic functions, including metabolism, growth, and sexual development
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| Pituitary gland | The "master gland" of the body's hormone-producing system, which releases hormones that direct the functions of many other glands in the body
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| Corpus Callosum | A thick band of nerve fibers that connects large areas of the cerebral cortex on each side of the brain and supports communication of information across the hemispheres
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| Occipital Lobe | A region of the cerebral cortex that processes visual information
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| Parietal Lobe | A region of the cerebral cortex whose functions include processing information about touch
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| Temporal Lobe | A region of the cerebral cortex responsible for hearing and language
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| Association Areas | Areas of the cerebral cortex that are composed of neurons that help provide sense and meaning to information registered in the cortex
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| Mirror Neurons | Neurons that are active when an animal performs a behavior, such as reaching for or manipulating an object, and are also activated when another animal observes that animal performing the same behavior
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| Electroencephalograph (EEG) | A device used to record electrical activity in the brain
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| Amygdala | A part of the limbic system that plays a central role in many emotional processes, particularly the formation of emotional memories
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| Frontal Lobe | The region of the cerebral cortex that has specialized areas for movement, abstract thinking, planning, memory, and judgement
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| Gene | The major unit of hereditary transmission.
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| Chromosomes | Strands of DNA wound around each other in double-helix configurations.
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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