ch. 15
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| The _______ ______ transports a fluid called lymph through lymph capillaries and vessels called lymphatics. | lymphatic system
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| The lymphatic system controls ____ _____ and destroys harmful ____________. | body fluids, microorganisms
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| The ________ of the lymphatic system are to drain interstitial fluid from tissue spaes, to tranport fats and to develop immunities and to produce lymphocytes. | function
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| _________ _____ is blood plasma that gets forced through the blood capillary walls into spaces between tissue cells. | interstital fluid
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| _____ _______ drain interstital fluid. | lymph capillaries
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| lymph capillaries drain interstitial fluid, which is then called ______. | lymph
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| In the villi of the small intestine, special lymphatics called __________ pick up fats and transport them to the blood. | lacteals
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| Lymph in lacteals looks milky and is called ________. | chyle
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| ______ _____ originate between cells in most parts of the body. | lymphatic vessels
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| Lymph capillaries unite to form later vessel called __________. | lymphatics
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| __________ resemble veins but are thinner and have more valves. | lymphatics
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| ______ ensure a one way flow of lymph. | valves
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| All lymphatics converge into two main channels: The ______ ______ and the _____ _____ _______. | thoracic duct , right lymphatic duct.
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| lymph nodes are also called lymph _______. | glands
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| _____ ______ are found along the lenghts of lymphatics. | lymph nodes
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| Groupings of ______ ______ are present in the groin, armpit and neck region. | lymph nodes
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| a slight depression on one side of the lymph node is called the ________. | hilum
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| ______ _______ exit the lymph node at the hilum | efferent lymphatics
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| _____ _____ and ______ enter and exit the lymph node at the hilum | blood vessels, nerves
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| _______ lymphatics enter the lymph node at various locations on the node. | afferent
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| Capular extensions of the node are called ________. | trabecule
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| ______ divide the lymph node internally into a series of compartments with germinal centers. | trabecule
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| The germinal centers of the lymph node produce ________. | lymphocytes
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| Plasma, filtgered by the blood capillaries, passes into interstitial tissue spaces and is now called _______ ______. | interstitial fluid.
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| afferent lymphatics ______ the lymph nodes. | enter
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| efferent lymphatics _______ the lymph nodes. | leave
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| circulation of lymph is maintained by _______ ________. | muscular contractions
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| efferent lymphatics unite to form ______ _______. | lymph trunks
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| The _____ _____ drains the lower extremities and pelvis. | lumbar trunk
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| The _______ ______ drains the abdominal region. | intestinal trunk
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| The ____________ _____ and the intercostal trunk drain the thorax. | bronchomediastinal trunk
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| The ______ _____ drains the head and neck. | subclavian trunk
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| The _____ _____ drains the head and neck. | jugular trunk
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| ______ drain their lymph into two main collecting ducts. | trunks
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| The _______ ______ empties its lymph into the left subclavian vein. | thoracic duct
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| The main duct is called the _____ ____. | thoracic duct
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| The two ducts that trunks drain their lymph into are the main duct and the _____ ______ duct. | right lymphatic
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| The _____ ______ duct drains into the right subclavian vein. | right lymphatic
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| The three groups of tonsils are the ______ tonsils, the ________ tonsils, and the _______ tonsils. | palatine, pharyngeal, lingual
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| The _______ tonsils are commonly removed in a tonsillectomy. | palatine
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| The _______ tonsils are also called adenoids | pharyngeal
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| The tonsils are composed of ____________ cells that protect the nose and oral cavity from pathogens. | reticuloendothelial
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| The ______ is the single largest mass of lymphatic tissue in the body. | spleen
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| The ______ _____ is the site for lymphocyte production and maturation. | thymus gland
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| _____ _____ resemble tonsils but are found in the walls of the small intestine where their macrophages destroy bacteria. | peyer's patches
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| ________ is the ability to resist infection from microoganisms, damage from foreignsubstances and harmful chemicals. | Immunity
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| Humoral immunity and cellular immunity are produced by the body's ________ tissues. | lymphoid
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| _______ ______ produces two groups of lymphocytes: The B lymphocyte cells and the T lymphocyte cells. | Lymphoid tissue
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| ___ lymphocyte cells produce antibodies and provide humoral immunity. | B
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| ___ lymphocyte cells are responsible for providing cellular immunity. | T
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| B cells that enter tissues and become specialized cells are known as _____ cells. | plasma
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| An ______ is a foreign protein that gains access to our bodies. | antigen
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| The __ _________ recognize antigens and produce antibodies. | B lymphocytes
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| _______ _____ ____ _____ eat up invading microoganisms. | phagocytic white blood cells
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| The antibody molecule has a __ shape. | Y
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| The binding sites of the antibody molecule are the _____ of the Y. | tips
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| Antibodies are alsocalled ____________. (Ig) | immunoglobulins
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| There are ____ types of Ig that make up the gamma globulins of blood plasma. | 5
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| Ig__ is found in tissue fluids and plasma. | G
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| Ig__ is found in exocrine gland secretions, tears, bile, breast milk, and urine. | A
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| Ig__ is found in plasma as a response to bacteria in food. | M
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| Ig__ is found on the surface of B cells. | D
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| Ig__ is associated with allergic reactions found in exocrine gland secreations. | E
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| ______ immunity occurs when B cells contact antigens and produce antibodies against them. | active
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| ______ immunity occurs naturally when a fetus receives antibodies from its mother through the placenta. | Passive
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| Passive immunity is ____ lived | short
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| __ cells cannot bine with free antigens like B cells. | T
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| T cells must go through antigen presentation via ___________ to bind with free antigens. | Macrophages
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| B cells replication produces ______ that form plasma cells and memory cells. | clones
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| _____ cells produce huge ammounts of antibodies. | plasma cells
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| _____ cells attack virus-invaded body cells and cancer cells. | killer T
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| _____ cells bind with specific antigens presented by macrophages. | Helper T
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| Helper T cells release _______ and stimulate the production of killer T cells and more B cells. | Lymphokines
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| Killer T cells also reject ____ grafts. | body
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| ______ cells slow down the activity of B and T cells once the infection is controlled. | Suppressor T
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| _____ cells are the descendants of activated B and T cells that remain in the body for years, allowing the body to respond to future infections. | Memory
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| _______ engulf and digest antigens and present them to T cells for recognition. | Macrophages
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| _________ are chemicals released by T cells. | lymphokines
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| ____ keeps macrophages in the inflamed and infected area. | MIF
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| _______ are chemicals produced by macrophages. | Monokines
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| ____ kills tumor cells and attracts granular leukocytes. | TNF
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| _________ causes the lysis of microorganisms and enhances the inflammatory response. | compliment
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| _____ is a mechanical barrier. | skin
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| ______ , in tears and saliva, attacks bacteria. | lysozyme
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| ______ ______ trap microoganisms and debris | mucous membrane
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| _____ _____ in the stomach destroys most microorganisms. | Hydrochloric acid
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| ______ ______ is characterized by an abnormal enlargement of the spleen caused by hemorages that develop from the stomach and fluid accumulating in the abdomen. | splenic anemia
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| ______ _____ is a disease of the lymphatic system with historical implications. | bubonic plaque
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| ________ is an inflammation of the lymphatic vessels with acompanying red streaks visible in the skin. | lymphangitis
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| _______ is an inflammation of lymph nodes or glands. | lymphadenitis.
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| ______ is a tumor of lymphatic tissue. | lymphoma
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| ______ are hypersensitive reactions to common , normal, harmless environmental substances referred to as allergens. | allergies
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| _______ is an abnormal enlargement of the spleen | splenomegaly
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Created by:
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