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chapter 2

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Question
Answer
The process by which food is burned to release energy   Protein synthesis  
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Part of the cell where formation of protein occurs   Endoplasmic reticulum  
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Sum of the chemical processes in a cell   Metabolism  
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Picture of nuclear structures arranged in numerical order   Karyotype  
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Part of a cell where catabolism primarily ocurs   Mitochondria  
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Allows materials to pass into and out of the cell   Cell membrane  
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Genes are composed   Deoxyribonucleis acid (DNA)  
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Muscular wall separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities   Diaphragm  
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The space in the chest between the lungs is the   Mediastinum  
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Adipose means pertaining to   Fat  
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Throat   Pharynx  
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Sarcoma   Malignant tumor of flesh tissue  
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An epitheliar cell is a   Skin cell  
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The pleural cavity is the   Space between the membranes around the lungs  
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Viscera   Internal organs  
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The pituitary gland is in which body cavity   Cranial  
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voice box   Larynx  
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the tailbone is the   Coccyx  
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Supine means   Lying on the back  
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The upper lateral regions of the abdomen, beneath the ribs, are the   Hypochondriac regions  
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The RUQ contains the   Liver  
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Pertaining to a plane that divides the body into right and left portions   Sagittal  
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A disk is   A piece of cartilage between backbones  
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Control center of the cell, containing chromosomes   Nucleus  
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The process of building up proteins in a cell is called   anabolism  
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The total of the chemical processes in a cell is known as   Metabolism  
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A scientist who studies tissues is called   histologist  
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Regions of DNA within a chromosome   Genes  
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throat   Pharynx  
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collection of fat cells   adipose tissue  
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windpipe   trachea  
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tube from the KIDNEY to the uninary bladder   ureter  
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voice box   larynx  
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membrane surrounding the lungs   pleura  
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flexible connective tissue at joints   cartilage  
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tube from the URINARY BLADDER to outside of body   urethra  
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cavity surrounded by the skull   cranial  
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cavity in the chest surrounded by ribs   thoracic  
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cavity surrounded by the hip bone   pelvic  
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cavity surrounded by the back   spinal  
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cavity below the chest containing digestive organs   abdominal  
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regions of the neck   cervical  
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region of the chest   thoracic  
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region of the waist   lumbar  
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region of the sacrum   sacral  
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region of the tailbone   coccygeal  
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deep (opposite)   superficial  
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proximal (opposite)   distal  
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supine (opposite)   prone  
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dorsal (opposite)   ventral  
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the left lung lies ________to the heart   inferior  
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the _______end of the humerus is at the shoulder   proximal  
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the liver lies___________to the intestines   superior  
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a backbone is called a(an)   vertebra  
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the______end of the thigh bone(femur) joins with the knee cap   distal  
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the__________plane divides the body into upper and lower portions   transverse  
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the________plane divides the body into right and left portions   sagittal  
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the diaphragm lies _______to the organs in the thoracic cavity   lateral  
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epigastric   above the stomach  
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chondroma   cartilage tumor  
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umbilical   pertaining to naval  
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posterior   back side of body/structure  
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intervertebral   between the vertebrae(backbones)  
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space between the lungs   mediastinum  
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endocrine gland the the base of the brain   pituitary gland  
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sausage-shaped cellular structures in which catabilism takes place   mitochondria  
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pertaining to skin(surface)cell   epithelial cells  
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tumor of flesh tissue(malignant)   sarcoma  
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pertaining to internal organs   visceral  
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picture of the chromosomes in the cell nucleus   karyotype  
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RUQ   Right upper quadrant  
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L5-S1   Space between the fifth lumbar vertebra and the first sacral vertebra  
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Pertaining to the groin   inguinal  
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Malignant tumor of connective (flesh) tissue   chondrosarcoma  
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Picture of nuclear structures   karotype  
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pertaining to internal organs   visceral  
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secretory organ in the neck   thyroid gland  
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FLEXIBLE CONNECTIVE TISSUE AT JOINTS   CARTILAGE  
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DIVIDES THE BODY HORIZONTALLY   TRANSERVSE PLANE  
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Tube from the URINARY BLADDER to the outside of the body   urethra  
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cytoplasmic structures where catabolism takes place   mitochondria  
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divides the body laterally into right and left parts   sagittal  
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secretory organ at the base of the brain   pitutory gland  
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pertaining to the navel   umbilical  
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pertaining to the windpipe   trachea  
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pertaining to fat tissue   adipose  
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line external body surface and internal surface of organs   epithelial cells  
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rod-shaped nuclear structures   chromosomes  
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abdomen   space below chest (liver,stomach,intestines,gallbladder)  
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cartilage   flexible connective tissue at joints  
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cervical   neck/neck of body  
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chondroma   benign tumor  
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nucleus   control center of the cell  
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trachea   pertaining to the windpipe  
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malignant tumor of flesh (connective tissue)   sacroma  
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pertaining to the chest   thoracic  
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lying on back   supine  
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pertaining to the abdomen   abdominal  
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picture of the chromosomes in the nucleus   karyotype  
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membrane surrounding the lungs   pleura  
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space between the lungs   mediastinum  
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pertaining to skin (surface) cells   epithelial  
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endocrine gland at the base of the brain   pituitary  
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karyotype   classification of chromosomes  
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epithelium   skin cells  
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cartilage   connective tissue at the joints  
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anabolism   building-up process in a cell; proteins are synthesized for use in the body.  
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diaphragm   muscle dividing the thoracic and abdominal cavities  
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vertebra   a backbone  
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sagittal   vertical plane dividing the body into a right and left portion  
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mitochondria   structures in a cell where food is burned to produce energy  
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larynx   the voice box  
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pertaining to the navel   umbilic  
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pertaining to the tailbone   coccygeal  
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endocrine gland in front of the trachea   thyroid  
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central cavity in the chest   mediastinum  
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Pertaining to between the backbones   intravertebral  
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bodies in the nucleus of a cell; contain DNA   CHROMOSOMES  
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Membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity   peritoneum  
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crani/o   skull  
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cervic/o   neck  
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sacr/o   sacrum  
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trache/o   trachea/wind pipe  
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inguin/o   groin  
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viscer/o   internal organs  
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sarc/o   flesh  
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chondr/o   cartilage  
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thorac/o   chest  
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hist/o   tissue  
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inter   between  
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hypo   under/below  
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ana   up  
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-eal   pertaining to/full of  
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-ose   pertaining to  
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epi   covering  
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-ectomy   surgically removal  
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kary/o   nucleus  
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-tomy   cut into  
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tailbone region   coccugeal  
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horizontal plane dividing the body into superior and inferior parts (top/bottom)   transverse  
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vertical plane dividing the body into right and left parts   sagittal  
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vertical plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior parts   frontal  
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on the surface of the body   superficial  
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lying on the back   supine  
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below another structure   inferior  
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pertaining to the side   lateral  
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pertaining to the middle   medial  
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lying on the belly   prone  
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above another structure   superior  
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near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure   proximal  
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awary from the surface of the body   deep  
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far from the point of attachment to the trunk or far from the beginning of a structure   distal  
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membrane surrounding abdominal viscera   peritoneum  
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a backbone   vertebra  
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membrane surrounding the lungs   pleura  
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pad of cartilage between each backbone   disk  
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space between the lungs containing the heart, trachea, aorta   mediastinum  
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collection of fat cells   adipose  
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control center of a cell   nucleus  
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structures in cytoplasm where food is burned to release energy   mitochondria  
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a double-layered membrane surrounding each lung   pleura  
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loin (waist) region   lumbar  
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area between the lungs   mediastinum  
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vertical plane dividing body into right and left sides   sagittal  
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upper right and left regions beneath the ribs   hypochondriac  
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backbones   vertebrae  
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lower right and left regions near the groin   inguinal  
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muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities   diaphragm  
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regions of DNA within each chromosome   genes  
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all the material that is outside the nucleus yet within the cell membrane   cytoplasm  
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stomach, small and large intestines, spleen, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas   abdominal  
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bones and joints   musculoskeletal system  
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tube from the URINARY BLADDER to the outside of the body   urethra  
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