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JA Chp. 9-12

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
Ability-to-pay principle   show
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Average fixed costs   show
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Average total costs   show
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show Total variable costs divided by quantity produced.  
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show A principle stating that government should tax people in proportion to the benefits they receive from a government good or service.  
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show The point of production at which income from sales equals total fixed and total variable costs.  
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Collective bargaining   show
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show An agreement in which companies restrict production to raise prices and profits.  
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Concentration ratio   show
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Conglomerate merger   show
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show Demand for a resource, such as labor, based on the demand for the goods and services that the resource produces.  
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show Reductions in cost resulting from large-scale production.  
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Externality   show
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show An acronym that stands for Federal Insurance Contributions Act, which directs the taxes people pay for Social Security and Medicare.  
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Fiscal year   show
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Fixed costs   show
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show A price index that reduces the current gross domestic product prices into prices of a base year.  
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Grievance   show
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Gross Domestic Product (GDP)   show
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show The combination of two or more companies engaged in the same business.  
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show A court order to keep a union from striking and picketing.  
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show The practice of favoring one person over another for reasons that have nothing to do with ability to perform a job.  
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show Two companies that keep their independence while cooperating on a particular project.  
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show All the people not in institutions who are 16 years of age or older and who are currently employed or who are unemployed and looking for work.  
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Labor productivity   show
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show An association of workers that seeks to improve its members wages, working conditions, and benefits.  
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Law of diminishing marginal returns   show
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show The closing down of a business to pressure a union into accepting employment conditions.  
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show Decision making that involves comparing marginal benefits and marginal costs.  
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show The additional revenue generated from the sale of an additional quantity of the product.  
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Market structure   show
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Marketing   show
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show The purchase of one business by another business. The term buyout is sometimes used instead.  
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show A market structure with many firms that offer similar but not identical products.  
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show The cumulative sum of all federal government borrowing used to finance annual deficits.  
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Nominal GDP   show
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show A market structure in which a few large firms supply most or all products in a market.  
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Perfect competition   show
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show The act of employees carrying signs that call attention to a labor strike with the goal of arousing public sympathy.  
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Predatory pricing   show
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Price-fixing   show
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show The output of goods and services measured per unit of input by labor, capital, or land.  
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show The objective of the firm; it occurs when the firm produces the quantity for which MR = MC.  
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show A tax that takes a higher proportion of income from higher income earners than from lower income earners.  
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show A tax for which the percentage of income paid in taxes is the same for all income levels.  
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show Something that, once provided, is available to anyone without additional cost.  
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show The part of the economy that involves the transactions of government.  
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show A market structure with only one seller in the market.  
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Real GDP   show
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show Real gross domestic product divided by a country’s population.  
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show A tax for which the percentage of income paid in taxes decreases as income increases.  
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Seniority   show
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Strike   show
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Total costs   show
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Total revenue   show
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show A factory, business, or agency operating under a contract in which non-union members can be hired but only on the condition that they join the union after they are hired.  
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show Costs that change with the changing amounts of production.  
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Vertical merger   show
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