Lesson 1-2 Introduction & Data Collection
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| The plan making process includes | Goals and visions;
Analysis of current problems; and
Creation and evaluation of alternatives.
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| Survey | A research method that allows one to collect data on a topic that cannot be directly observed, such as opinions on downtown retailing opportunities.
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| Cross-sectional Survey | Gathers information about a population at a single point in time
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| Primary Data | Data that is created; survey, observations or other methods
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| Secondary Data | Existing data (e.g. US Census)
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| Longitudinal surveys | Involves repeated observations of the same variables over a long period of time
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| Written Surveys | Obtain information from a broad audience; can be used in newspaper, mailed or administered in a group
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| Pros of Written Survey | Low cost
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| Cons of Written Survey | Low response rate, 20%
May not be appropriate for seniors, non-English speaking or illiterate
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| Group-administered Surveys | Appropriate when there is a specific population that a planner is trying to target.
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| Pros/Cons of Group-Administered Surveys | High and quick response rate
Difficult administering survey
Small sample size
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| Drop-off Survey | Allows the survey to be dropped off at someone's residence of business
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| Pros/Cons of Drop-Off Survey | Higher response rate than mail survey
Expensive
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| Oral Surveys | Administered on the phone or in person
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| Pros of a Phone Survey | Useful for yes/no answers
Interviewer to follow up and gain further explanation on answers
Response rate varies
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| Cons of Phone Survey | Expensive
Interviewer can be biased
Long or multiple answered questions are difficult to administer
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| Online Surveys | Can be administered over website, email or text
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| Pros of an Online Survey | Higher response rate
Inexpensive
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| Cons of Online Survey | Will not be able to reach those without internet access
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| Sampling | A statistical procedure that is concerned with the selection of the individual observation; accurate representation of a population
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| Convenience Sampling | Uses individuals that are readily available
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| Volunteer Sample | Made up of people who are self-selection
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| Random Sampling | Everyone has a chance of being selected to participate
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| Stratified Sampling | Divides the population into groups, known as classes, from which a sample is drawn
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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