Chapter 6 Vocabulary
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| Chemical Bond | a mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that bind atoms together
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| Covalent Bonding | results from sharing of electron pairs between two atoms
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| Ionic Bonding | chemical bonding that results from the electrical attraction between large number of cations and anions
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| Non-polar Covalent Bond | a covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms, resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge
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| Polar | uneven distribution of charge
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| Polar-Covalent Bond | a covalent bond in which the bonded atoms have an unequal attractions for the shared electrons
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| Bond Energy | the energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms
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| Bond Length | the distance between two bonded atoms at their minimum potential energy, that is, the average distance between two bonded atoms
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| Chemical Formula | indicates the relative numbers of atoms of each kind in a chemical compound by using atomic symbols and numerical subscripts
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| Diatomic Model | a molecule containing only tow atoms
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| Double Bond | a covalent bond produced by the sharing of two pairs of electrons between two atoms
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| Electron-Dot Notation | an electron configuration notation in which only the valence electrons of an atom of a particular element are shown, indicated by dots placed around the system's element
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| Lewis Structure | formulas in which atomic symbols represent nuclei and inner-shell electrons, dot-pairs or dashes between two atomic symbols represent electron pairs in covalent bonds, and dots adjacent to only one atomic symbol represent unshared electrons
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| Lone Pair(Unshared Pair) | a pair of electrons that is not involved in bonding and that belongs exclusively to one atom
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| Molecular Compound | a chemical compound whose simplest units are molecules
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| Molecular Formula | shows the types and numbers of atoms combined in a single molecule of molecular compound
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| Molecule | a neutral group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds
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| Multiple bond | double and triple bonds
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| Octet rule | chemical compounds tend to form so that each atom, by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons, has an octet of electrons in its highest occupied energy level
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| Resonance | refers to bonding molecules or ions that cannot be correctly represented by a single Lewis Structure
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| Single Bond | a covalent bond produced by the sharing of one pair of electrons between two atoms
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| Structural Formula | indicates the kind, number, arrangement, and bonds but not the unshared pairs of atoms in a molecule
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| Triple Bond | a covalent bond produced by the sharing of three pairs of electrons between two atoms
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| Formula Unit | the simplest collection of atoms where an ionic compound's formula can be established
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| Ionic Compound | composed of positive and negative ions that are combined so that the numbers of negative and positive charges are equal
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| Lattice Energy | the energy released when one mole of an ionic crystalline compound is formed from gaseous ions
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| Polyatomic Ion | a charged group of covalently bonded atoms
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