Chem 133 Chap 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| Acid | a substance that yields hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.
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| Alkali Metals | Group 1A - Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and Fr
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| Alkaline earth metals | Group 2A - Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Ra
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| Allotrope | one of the 2 or more distinct forms of an element - ex O2 and O3 are allotropes of Oxygen
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| Alpha Particles | positively charged particles
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| Alpha Rays | rays composed of alpha particles
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| Anion | an ion whose net charge is negative - Chloride ion (Cl-)
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| Atom | the basic unit of an element that can enter into a chemical combination
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| Atomic Number (Z) | the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of an element. Oxygen's atomic number is 8.
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| Base | a substance that yields hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water.
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| Beta Particles | electrons
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| Beta Rays | rays composed of electrons
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| Binary Compound | compounds formed from just 2 elements - the 1st element is the metal cation and the 2nd element is the non-metal anion. (NaCl)
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| Cation | an ion with a positive net charge (Na+ is sodium cation)
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| Chemical Formula | express the composition of molecules and ionic compounds in terms of chemical symbols
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| Diatomic Molecule | contains only 2 atoms, they can be of the same or different elements. H, N, O F, Cl, Br and I exist naturally as diatomic molecules. CO, HCl are ex.of diatomic mol. of different elements
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| Electron | negatively charged particles
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| Empirical Formula | tells us which elements are present and the simplest whole number ratio of their atoms - not nec. the actual
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| Families | vertical columns of the Periodic Table
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| Gamma Rays | rays made up of neutral particles.
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| Groups | Same as families- vertical columns of the Periodic Table
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| Halogens | Group 7A - F, Cl, Br, I and At
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| Hydrate | compounds that have a specific number of H2O molecules attached to them.
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| Inorganic Compounds | compound that generally does not contain Carbon - ionic compounds, acids, bases and hydrates
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| Ion | an atom or group of atoms that has a net positive or negative charge
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| Ionic Compound | compound formed by cations and anions
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| Isotope | atoms that have the same atomic numbers but different mass numbers (have the same protons but different neutrons)
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| Law of conservation of mass | matter is neither created nor destroyed
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| Law of definite proportions | different samples of the same compound always contain its constituent in the same proportion by mass. ex - CO2 from different places would always have the same ratio of C to O
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| Law of multiple proportions | if 2 elements can combine to form more than 1 compound, the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other element are in ratios of small whole numbers. ex. CO and CO2
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| Mass Number (A) | the total number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus of an atom
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| Metal | is a good conductor of heat and electricity
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| Metalloid | had properties that are intermediate between those of metals and non-metals
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| Molecular Formula | shows the exact number of atoms of each element in the smallest unit of a substance H2O
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| Molecule | an aggregate of at least 2 atoms in a definite arrangement held together by chemical forces (bonds)
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| Monatomic Ion | Ions that contain only 1 atom
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| Neutron | neutral particle
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| Noble Gases | Group 8A - non-reactive gases- He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe and Rn - only elements that exist in nature as single atoms
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| Nonmetal | poor conductor of heat and electricity
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| Nucleus | dense central core of an atom
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| Organic Compound | contain Carbon
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| Oxoacid | acids that contain hydrogen, oxygen and another (central) element. Written with H first then central element then O - ex. HNO3 - nitric acid
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| oxoanion | anions of oxoacids
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| Periods | Horizontal Row of the Periodic Table
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| Periodic Table | chart in which elements having similar chemical and physical properties are grouped together
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| Polyatomic ion | ions containing more than 1 atom (OH-) - hydroxide Ion
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| Polyatomic molecule | molecule containing more than 2 atoms
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| Proton | positively charged particle
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| Radiation | the emission and transmission of energy through space in the form of waves.
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| Radioactivity | spontaneous emission of particles and
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| or radiation |
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| Structural Formula | shows how atoms are bonded to one another in a molecule - H2O would be shown as H-O-H
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| Ternary formula | compounds consisting of 3 elements
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| Anhydrous | the hydrate no longer has H2O attached to it.
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Created by:
melwandelt
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