ODK #3- Neuro
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | (Nocireceptors)
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| show | (Touch, pressure, vibration, proprioception)
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| Which sensation receptor senses temperature? | show 🗑
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| show | (Nociceptors)
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| What is your awareness of where your limbs are in space? | show 🗑
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| Process that conveys information regarding the body and its interaction with the environment to the brain? | show 🗑
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| Somatosensory system includes receptors in the skin, muscles, joints and blood vessels which send neural signals to the ______ lobe via the spinal nerves/spinal cord and cranial nerves/brain stem. | show 🗑
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| show | (types of sensation, types of specialized receptors, 3 neuron organization, innervation patterns)
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| Mechanical displacement of nerve ending? | show 🗑
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| The specialized receptors are organized by: | show 🗑
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| show | (Adaptiveness)
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| show | (responds/adapts quickly then the response quickly becomes weaker)
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| show | (responds slow, doesn’t adapt (response remains steady)
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| Encapsulated Endings | show 🗑
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| Where are encapsulated endings located? | show 🗑
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| show | Adapting
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| show | a. Pacinian corpuscles: deep pressure touch, high frequency vibration
b. Meissner’s corpuscles: light touch (on fingertips, palms, soles, face, lips, tongue)
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| Free Nerve Endings | show 🗑
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| Where are free nerve endings located? | show 🗑
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| Are free nerve endings adapting or non-adapting? | show 🗑
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| show | (temp., tactile, pressure)
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| show | (Dermis, joints)
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| Are expanded tip endings adapting or non-adapting? | show 🗑
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| show | (Merel receptors and Ruffini endings
THREE-NEURON ORDERS
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| show | (Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG))
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| show | (Info enters CNS at spinal cord or brainstem (if cranial nerve) and project to opposite side crossing midline to thalamus)
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| show | (Thalamus neurons which project to primary sensory cortex)
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| What information does the Dorsal Column-Medial Leminscal Tract carry? | show 🗑
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| Where does decussation occur? | show 🗑
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| show | (Large diameter axons, thick myelin sheath)
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| Describe the “Cough Hack” | show 🗑
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| Dorsal Column-Medial Lemniscal Tract/System is also called? | show 🗑
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| The Dorsal Column-Medial Lemniscal (aka Epicritic System) carries what information? | show 🗑
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| show | (proprioception)
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| show | (kinesthesia)
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| The Anterolateral Tract/System is also called the? | show 🗑
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| The Anterolateral tract carries what information? | show 🗑
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| What are 2 tracts within the Anterolateral System? | show 🗑
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| What is the Dorsal Column-Medial Lemniscal (aka Epicritic System) important for? | show 🗑
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| show | (stereognosis= if you get 2 pricks, you can discriminate that there are 2 points of contact)
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| What is another name for the Anterolateral system? | show 🗑
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| show | (Stereognosis)
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| Recognizing numbers written on body? | show 🗑
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| What are 2 other functions important for skilled movement? | show 🗑
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| What are the receptors in the Dorsal Column-Medial Lemniscal System? | show 🗑
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| Describe Meissner’s and Pacinian corpuscles? | show 🗑
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| show | (kinesthesia and proprioception)
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| show | a. Fasciculus Gracilis (slender, graceful) - sacral to midthoracic level (upper body)
b. Facsiculus Cuneatus (short wedge-shaped) -above midthoracic level (upper body)
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| What is fasciculus | show 🗑
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| Describe the Dorsal Column-Medial Lemniscal System Pathway of Information. | show 🗑
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| show | (the primary motor and primary sensory cortex’s are right next to each other.)
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| If injury is inferior to decussation, where will the deficit be? | show 🗑
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| If injury is superior to decussation, where will the deficit be? | show 🗑
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| Name two tests to test DCMLS: | show 🗑
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| show | (Spinal Ganglion, cross to spinal tract, ventral posterolateral n. of thalamus)
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| If a lesion occurs before the midline cross, what kind of problems will occur in the PNS or spinal cord lesion? | show 🗑
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| show | (Contralaterally)
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| What is a body area innervated by the neurons in a single dorsal root ganglion (the dorsal part of the spinal nerve)? | show 🗑
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| How can dermatomes help distinguish between psychiatric and neurological injury? | show 🗑
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| Referred pain: | show 🗑
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| Analgesia: | show 🗑
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| Hypalgesia | show 🗑
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| What is increased pain? | show 🗑
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| show | (encapsulated endings, free nerve endings, expanded tip endings)
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| show | No.
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| What is the system for conscious proprioception? | show 🗑
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| show | (Thalmaus and cerebral cortex, enabling one to describe the position of a limb)
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| What is the system for unconscious proprioception? | show 🗑
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| What is the pathway for unconscious proprioception? | show 🗑
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| If there is a right side cerebellar problem, where will the problems occur on the body? | show 🗑
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| show | -Important for motor initiation
-Contains Betz Cells-large pyramidal cells
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| show | (Superior 2/3) voluntary movements of muscles controlled via spinal nerves.
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| show | (Inferior 1/3) Facial and associated muscles- project to cranial nerve nuclei.
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| Where is the Premotor Cortex? | show 🗑
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| show | Helps to regulate posture by dictating an optimal position to the motor cortex for any given movement.
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| What is the Supplementary Motor Area? | show 🗑
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| What percent of descending motor fibers originate from the PreMC? | show 🗑
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| show | that BA 4 stimulation results in highly localized &discrete movements of the contralateral musculature.
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| show | 30%
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| The Primary Sensory Cortex consists of: | show 🗑
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| show | Receives somatosensory information and then uses them to determine the positions of the body and the target in space AND Produces internal models of the movement to be made prior to the involvement of the motor and premotor cortices.
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| What percent of descending fibers originate here? | show 🗑
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| Upper motor neurons (UMN): | show 🗑
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| Lower motor neurons (LMN): | show 🗑
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| The 3 major cortical areas for voluntary movement are ____, ____, and ___. | show 🗑
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| show | Pyramidal
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| The corticobulbar tract is also referred to as the ____ tract. | show 🗑
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| show | contralaterally
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| Axons of pyramidal cells are projected onto the spinal motor nuclei to form the ____ tract. | show 🗑
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| Axons of pyramidal cells are projected onto the _____ motor nuclei to form the corticobulbar tract. | show 🗑
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| The corticospinal tract is divided into what two parts? | show 🗑
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| The lateral corticospinal tract controls the _____ while the anterior spinal tract controls the ____. | show 🗑
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| What is spastic hemiplegia? | show 🗑
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| show | Lesions in corticobulbar fibers.
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| show | (caudal end of medulla)
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| show | lower 1/3 of motor cortex through internal capsule, pes pedunculi, crossing midline to lower cranial nerve nuclei
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| show | Midbrain
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| show | Pons
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| Decussation of CN 10 & 11: | show 🗑
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| show | (bilaterally: ipsilateral and contralateral)
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| show | (ipsilateral, contralateral)
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| show | (flaccidity followed by spasticity, increased muscle tone, abnormal Babinski sign, hyperflexia)
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| UMN affects which tract? | show 🗑
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| LMN affects which tract? | show 🗑
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| A patient has a LMN problem. What would be his symptoms? | show 🗑
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Created by:
LoLoDougie94