ch 11 Information Technology & technology
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| American Recovery and Reinvestment Act | Doctors of nurse practice must be meaningful users.
Increase patient safety and reduce cost.
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| American Recovery and Reinvestment Act | Reimbursement is connected to use of electronic health record (EHR), computerized provider order entry (CPOE), and clinical decision support systems (CDSSs)/Changes in patient privacy
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| Electronic Health Record | most practice areas can improve care using EHRs/ Cost is a determinate for most practices: up-front and re-coop/Goal: exchange of patient information between practice sites and hospitals and across regions
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| Information Storage and Exchange | Vast amounts of patient data with EHRs
Data aggregation with clinical warehouse
EHR vs. electronic medical record: difference in capability for re-purposing data
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| Information Storage and Exchange | Regional health information organizations allow for data sharing and exchange.
Health information exchanges allow for added information sharing.
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| Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) | Embedded within the EHR for order entry
Increase safety by reducing the medication errors found with paper-based systems.
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| Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) | Implementation and adoption slow in the United States due to cost and changes in workflow
Based on the formulary of the organization
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| Clinical Decision Support Systems | CDSS alerts to guide the provider in decision making
Alerts require two patient data points from vital signs to laboratory data and medication history.
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| Clinical Decision Support Systems | CDSSs use elements of artificial intelligence and machine learning to function.
Risk “alert fatigue” by having too many alerts for workflow
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| Medication Reconciliation | Required as part of meaningful use and to be done each encounter
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| Medication Reconciliation | Technology using EHR and personal health record (PHR) can facilitate this requirement.
Reduces the risk of error with poor historians or when medications are not with the patient
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| Patient Privacy | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act standard for patient privacy/Now includes patient rights and privacy/Patients can have a copy of their records in electronic format.
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| Personal Health Record (PHR) | Patient-owned and maintained health record
Commercial products available or simple spreadsheet
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| Personal Health Record (PHR) | PHRs can be connected to EHRs and include in-patient data.
Encouraged to prevent lost health information during national disasters
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| Patient Education | Materials can be standardized and printed off the EHR or kept in electronic format.
Electronic versions can also be edited for specific patient issues.
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| Patient Education | Applications for smart phones can be recommended by providers for education.
Internet with screening can be a good source of information.
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| Role as Clinical Leader | Serve as provider with patient care and keep medication records in EHR/Assess practice for safety and quality with pharmacotherapeutics/Explore issues with medications as quality and safety issue.
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| Summary | Meaningful use and need to use technology with pharmacotherapeutics
EHR, CPOE, CDSSs: Each function together to increase patient safety.
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| Summary | Medication reconciliation using technology and PHR
Patient privacy includes provisions, including their EHRs.
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