Cardio pulmonary di
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| The total volume of gas that can be exhaled as forcefully and rapidly as possible after and maximal inhalation is called? | show 🗑
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| show | FEV1% forced expiratory volume
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| show | FEV1
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| show | FEF 200-1200
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| show | FEF 25% to 75%
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| show | Obstructive
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| What type of diseases would have decreased TLC and normal or increased FEV1%? | show 🗑
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| show | 600 L per minute
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| Airway resistance increases in obstructive disease is due to the weakening of the distal airways? (True false ) | show 🗑
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| show | DLco
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| show | Cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema
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| show | Chronic bronchitis and emphysema
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| show | Smoking
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| show | AAT deficiency
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| show | Core pulmonale
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| Emphysema patients are commonly referred to as___Due to their reddish complexion and pursed lip breathing in and chronic bronchitis patients are commonly referred to as___due to cyanosis and stockyiness? | show 🗑
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| Anatomic alterations found with emphysema? | show 🗑
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| show | Excessive mucus production, chronic bronchial wall inflammation, bronchospasm
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| What breath sounds are associated with emphysema? | show 🗑
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| show | Rhonchi, wheezing, crackles
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| Your patient has been found to have tuberculosis in several organs of the body. What term is used to describe the situation? | show 🗑
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| Your patient has post primary tuberculosis. What are the major pathologic or structural changes is not associated with that? | show 🗑
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| A patient who has an uncontrolled tuberculosis infection will show all of the following signs except? | show 🗑
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| show | 10 mm or greater
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| A patient is the suspected of having a mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. His sputum is being stain by the Ziehl-Nielsen method. How will these organisms be identified? | show 🗑
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| What medication is used to treat a person who has converted to a positive tuberculosis skin test but does not have active disease? | show 🗑
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| The most effective medication used to treat a tuberculosis infection is? | show 🗑
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| A patient with an advanced case of tuberculosis may have the following radiological findings except? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following clinical manifestations are not associated with tuberculosis? | show 🗑
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| show | Restrictive
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| show | Provide 100% oxygen
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| show | Atelectasis, high surface tension of alveolar fluids, alveolar flooding
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| Your patient with cardiogenic pulmonary Adema would be expected to have all of the following chest radiograph findings except? | show 🗑
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| show | Frothy white or pink
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| show | Fluid moving from the pulmonary vascular system to the air spaces
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| The most common cause of pulmonary edema is? | show 🗑
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| show | Give digitalis
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| Your patient with pulmonary Adema is in respiratory failure. She does not want to be put onto mechanical ventilator. What should be tried first? | show 🗑
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| As pulmonary edema progressively worsens, The fluid moves in the following sequence? | show 🗑
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| show | Restrictive pulmonary disorder
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| The major pathologic for structural changes of the lungs associated with Ventilator failure accompanying guillain barre syndrome include? | show 🗑
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| Guillain barre syndrome is most likely to be found in which demographic group? | show 🗑
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| When a person has guillain barre syndrome, what happens to the parade for your nerves? | show 🗑
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| The diagnosis of guillain barre syndrome is based on all the following except? | show 🗑
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| Clinical indications that your patient has acute ventilatory failure include? | show 🗑
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| show | Muscle strength improves
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| Which of the following is/are signs and symptoms associated with myasthenia gravis? | show 🗑
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| show | Remove the source of anti-ACH receptor in anti-bodies
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| show | A restrictive pulmonary disorder
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| show | Diminished breath sounds, crackles and rhonchi
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| show | Daily productive cough for three months, for two years in a row
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| show | Emphysema, Chronic bronchitis
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| The alpha-1 antitrypsin phenotype associated with the lowest serum concentration is? | show 🗑
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| show | Conducting airways
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| All of the following are anatomic alterations found with emphysema except? | show 🗑
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| The management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD includes? | show 🗑
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| show | Normal or increased tidal volume
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| The professional heard on a patient with emphysema is? | show 🗑
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| Auscultation of the chest of a patient with emphysema will reveal? | show 🗑
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| show | Cyanosis, digital clubbing
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| show | Is most closely associated with chronic bronchitis, leads to the destruction of Avalor walls
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| According to the gold report, which of the following is the greatest worldwide risk factor for COPD? | show 🗑
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| show | A-1 antitrypsin deficiency, AAT deficiency
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| show | Inhaling asbestos fibers
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| The genetic reference for a person with a normal level of a-1 antitrypsin is? | show 🗑
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| show | Increased size of sub mucosal bronchiole glands, chronic bronchial wall information, bronchospasm
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| Which of the following or anatomic alterations fan with emphysema? | show 🗑
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| The management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD includes? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following terms is/are commonly applied to a patient with emphysema? | show 🗑
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| At which stage of COPD does the patient usually for seek medical attention because of worsening symptoms? | show 🗑
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| A patient with chronic bronchitis will have all the following clinical manifestations? | show 🗑
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| show | Barrel chest, pursed lip breathing
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| Which of the following is true of the diffusing capacity test DLCO findings in a patient with COPD? | show 🗑
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| show | Cyanosis, right heart failure, elevated CO2 level, purulent sputum
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| show | Arterial blood gases show low O2 and high CO2. Pulmonary function test show low flow of air on expiration
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| show | Atelectasis
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| show | Dog dander, mold
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| A medical term is used to describe when An asthmatic patient has an early response followed by a late response to an allergen | show 🗑
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| Which of the following are associated with so called intrinsic asthma? | show 🗑
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| Mechanical ventilation may be required during which of the following situations? | show 🗑
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| If and asthmatic patient is given a sympathomimetic & parasympatholytic meditation, what can be expected to happen? | show 🗑
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| After a patient in heels a bronchodilator medication, what percentage change in peak expiratory flow PEF indicates a diagnosis of asthma? | show 🗑
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| Pulsus paradoxus would be manifested as? | show 🗑
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| show | Decreased vocal fremitus, increased vesicular breath sounds
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| In asthmatic patient has been complaining of increased difficulty in breathing. The physician has ordered pulmonary function testing to be performed. Which of the following findings would confirm how the patient feels? | show 🗑
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| A patient is having a severe asthma attack. What blood gas results would indicate to the respiratory therapist and physician that the patient is having great difficulty? | show 🗑
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| A sputum sample from a suspected asthmatic patient has been sent to the laboratory for analysis. Which of the following findings would confirm the diagnosis? | show 🗑
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| show | Depressed diaphragm, increased anterior posterior diameter, translucent lung fields
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| show | Increased mucus production, constriction of bronchial smooth muscle's
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| Which of the following changes will be found in a patient during an asthma attack? | show 🗑
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| Chest x-ray findings commonly seen in a patient during an asthma attack include? | show 🗑
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| show | Status asthmaticus
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| Which of the following medication types are usually given by respiratory therapist to treat an asthma attack? | show 🗑
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| show | Peak expiratory flow PEF
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| As a respiratory therapist, you enter an asthmatic patients room. What observable signs would indicate to you that the patient is having difficulty breathing? | show 🗑
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| show | Pro long expiration, diminished breath sounds
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| Patients with bronchiectasis can have the following anatomic alterations? | show 🗑
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| Rigid and dilated bronchi are the key anatomic alterations found in which type of bronchiectasis? | show 🗑
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| Irregularly dilated and constricted bronchi are the key anatomic alterations found in which type of bronchiectasis? | show 🗑
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| Which form of bronchiectasis causes the greatest amount of damage to the Tracheobronchial tree? | show 🗑
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| Congenital causes of bronchiectasis include? | show 🗑
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| show | Kartageners syndrome
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| A mother brought her two-year-old son to the physician. He has been coughing up secretions and having Weezy breathing ever since choking on food six months ago. The physician diagnosed a boy with bronchiectasis. What could be the cause? | show 🗑
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| show | Bronchiectasis
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| Management of the patient with bronchiectasis may include? | show 🗑
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| For a patient with bronchiectasis to reduce the risk of his or her condition worsening, which of the following should be done? | show 🗑
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| Severe bronchiectasis is associated with all of the following except? | show 🗑
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| What pulmonary function testing values would be found in a patient with severe, Obstructive bronchiectasis? | show 🗑
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| show | Elevated white blood cell count, increased hemoglobin and hematocrit
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| The preferred radiographic method to evaluate a patient bronchiectasis is? | show 🗑
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| show | Frequently cough out large amounts of foul smelling sputum
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| Anatomic alterations found in patients with bronchiectasis can include? | show 🗑
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| show | Cystic fibrosis
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| Your patient has had genetic testing performed and has been found to have Kartageners syndrome. Why is the patient at risk for developing bronchiectasis? | show 🗑
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| show | Inhalation of toxic fumes, repeated lower respiratory tract infections
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| show | Antibiotics, supplemental oxygen, Postural drainage and percussion therapy
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| A patient with bronchiectasis has a repeated problem with keeping his or her distal long units inflated. What can be done to help prevent this problem? | show 🗑
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| show | Sputum will form in layers
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| A patient with primary obstructive disease related to her bronchiectasis now has an acute lung infection. You're performing bedside spirometry. What can be expected when she performs the PEFR test? | show 🗑
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| show | A primarily obstructive lung disease
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| What is commonly cultured from the mucus in the tracheobronchial tree of a patient with cystic fibrosis? | show 🗑
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| show | Partial airway obstruction leading to hyperinflation, thick tenacious mucus, total airway obstruction leading to atelectasis
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| show | Malnutrition, meconium ileus (bowel obstruction), excessive, viscous pulmonary secretions
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| Men with cystic fibrosis have difficulty reproducing because? | show 🗑
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| If both the mother and the father are carriers for the cystic fibrosis gene, what are the chances that their child will be a cystic fibrosis carrier? | show 🗑
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| show | Whites
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| show | And elevated chloride level in the sweat, genetic testing of the patient and or parents, chronic lung infections from an early age
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| show | Pancreatic enzymes and vitamins, antibiotics, expectorant, postural drainage
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| show | Tobramycin TOBI
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| show | Lung transplant
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| Common chest assessment findings in a patient with cystic fibrosis include? | show 🗑
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| show | Spontaneous pneumothorax
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| show | Increased RV, decreased PEFR, decreased FEF 50%
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| show | Bronchial gland hypertrophy, metaplasia of goblet cells
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| The type of genetic disorder found with cystic fibrosis is caused by? | show 🗑
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| show | Reproductive, pulmonary, cardiovascular
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| Some infants with cystic fibrosis develop intestinal problem soon after birth. What is this called? | show 🗑
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| When the CFTR gene becomes dysfunctional, there is abnormal transportation of what electrolytes? | show 🗑
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| In order for a child to have cystic fibrosis it must inherit the? | show 🗑
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| The diagnostic test used with the vast majority of the suspected cystic fibrosis cases is? | show 🗑
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| show | Bronchopulmonary hygiene therapy
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| What aerosolized medication has been approved to help break down the thick bronchial mucous of a patient with cystic fibrosis? | show 🗑
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| Physical examination of a patient with moderate to severe cystic fibrosis would reveal? | show 🗑
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| show | Serum fluid, red blood cells
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| show | Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
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| What can cause pneumonia? | show 🗑
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| If a patient has pneumonia, what can increase the risk of life-threatening illnesses or death? | show 🗑
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| show | Viruses
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| What pulmonary infection is most likely seen in patients with aids? | show 🗑
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| show | More than 48 to 72 hours after endotracheal intubation
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| show | Thoracentesis
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| show | Penicillin/amoxicillin
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| The most commonly prescribe aerosolized antibiotic used against pneumocystis jeroveci(Cabrini) is? | show 🗑
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| The most commonly prescribed therapeutic agent used against respiratory syncytial virus RSV? | show 🗑
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| What is the most important in determining the cause of the patient's pneumonia? | show 🗑
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| Just assessment findings on a patient with pneumonia would include? | show 🗑
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| Your patient has bilateral pneumonia. What findings can be expected on a CT scan? | show 🗑
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| Aspiration pneumonia results in all the following anatomical alterations? | show 🗑
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| show | Consolidation
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| The expression walking pneumonia is generally applied to patients with what type of pneumonia? | show 🗑
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| What is the most commonly found bacterial cause of pneumonia? | show 🗑
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| Your patient has been hospitalized for two weeks and has a tracheostomy tube. Her secretions have a sweet smell and or green in color. What is most likely organism causing her infection? | show 🗑
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| A 75-year-old patient has had a stroke leaving him with dysphasia. What type of pneumonia is he at risk of developing? | show 🗑
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| show | Bed rest, ample fluids, over the counter cold and cough medicine
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| show | Capillary shunting, alveolar consolidation
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| When auscultating over an area of pneumonia, what breath sounds can be expected? | show 🗑
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| show | Pneumonia
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| show | Pyogenic membrane
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| show | Polymorphonuclear leukocytes go to the area
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| show | Fluid ruptures into the bronchus, fluid ruptures into the intrapleural space
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| show | Peptococci, bacteroides fragilis
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| show | General anesthesia, head trauma, seizure disorder, alcohol abuse
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| A lung abscess maybe caused by what? | show 🗑
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| A patient who is had a stroke is lying supine in bed when he vomits and aspirate. He is most likely to develop a lung abscess in the? | show 🗑
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| show | Metronidazole (flagyl)
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| show | Cephalosporin agent cefotaxime
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| A patient with an abscess has coughed out a large volume of brown colored, putrid sputum. What is the most likely classes of micro organism that would cause this? | show 🗑
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| While performing an assessment of your female patient, pleural effusion rub is heard. What does this indicate? | show 🗑
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| When a lung abscess is seen on a chest radiograph, a distinguishing factor is the? | show 🗑
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| show | Pleural effusion, fibrosis and Calcification
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| Your patient has post primary TB. What are the major pathologic or structural changes associated with it? | show 🗑
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| Mycobacterium tuberculosis is most readily transmitted through? | show 🗑
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| show | Fluorescent acid-fast stain
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| show | Lower lobes
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| show | African-American or Hispanic heritage
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| A patient with an advance case of tuberculosis may have what radiological findings? | show 🗑
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| Clinical manifestations associated with tuberculosis, Dull percussion note, bronchospasm, hyperresonant percussion note, crackles? | show 🗑
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| Major pathological structural changes associated with post primary tuberculosis? | show 🗑
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| A positive tuberculosis test begins with a wheal of what size? | show 🗑
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| show | 6 months
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| show | Restrictive
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| Fungal infection of the lungs is closest in similarity to? | show 🗑
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| What parts of the lungs are most commonly affected by a fungal infection? | show 🗑
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| show | Mucosal edema? Fibrosis of lone parenchyma, alveolar capillary destruction
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| Fungal lung infections are usually spread by? | show 🗑
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| show | Blastomycosis
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| show | Blastomycosis
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| show | Histoplasmosis
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| show | Candida albicans, cryptococcosis neoformans, aspergillus
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| show | Histoplasmosis
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| show | Amphotericin B (fungizone)
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| During the advanced stages of a fungal lung infection, what is commonly seen on a chest radiograph? | show 🗑
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| show | Southwest
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| In a reaction to a severe fungal lung infection what can be expected in the patient? | show 🗑
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| show | Spherical nodules
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| show | Alveoli, bronchioles, bronchi
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| Pulmonary edema manifests itself clinically as an? | show 🗑
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| show | atelectasis, high surface tension of alveolar fluids, alveolar flooding
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| show | allergic reaction to drugs
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| What is the normal hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary capillaries? | show 🗑
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| show | Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS), Inhaled phosgene, Therapeutic lung radiation
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| Management of cardiogenic pulmonary edema includes the following? | show 🗑
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| Your patient has a decreased oncotic pressure. What can be done to increase it? | show 🗑
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| Your patient with pulmonary edema is cyanotic & complaining of difficulty breathing, What should be recommended by the respiratory therapist? | show 🗑
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| Mask CPAP is used with pulmonary edema patients because it does what? | show 🗑
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| Your patient with cardiogenic pulmonary edema would be expected to have what radiograph findings? | show 🗑
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| show | batwings"pattern fluffy infiltrates, normal cardiac silhouette, fluffy densities near the hilum
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| pulmonary edema involves? | show 🗑
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| If a patient has pulmonary edema, the sputum is? | show 🗑
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| The most common cause of pulmonary edema is? | show 🗑
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| show | >25-30mmHg
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| show | head injury, pneumonia, sulfur dioxide, alveolar hypoxia
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| show | severe malnutrition, excessive intravenous fluids, uremia
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|
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| When a patient has left sided heart failure, what is usually done to increase cardiac output? | show 🗑
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| show | Mask CPAP
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|
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| A patient with pulmonary edema may show what unusual breathing pattern? | show 🗑
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| When a patient with pulmonary edema lays flat to go to sleep, What pathological problems might make them wake up? | show 🗑
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| The death of lung tissue that may result from an obstruction of the pulmonary artery is called? | show 🗑
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| Bronchospasm may happen after a pulmonary embolism. what can lead to this bronchospasm? | show 🗑
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| show | Alveolar consolidation, alveolar atelectasis
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|
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| What is associated with the formation of a deep vein thrombosis? | show 🗑
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| show | varicose veins, smoking, obesity, congestive heart failure
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|
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| The sudden onset of what signs & symptoms indicate a pulmonary embolism? | show 🗑
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| show | spiral computerized tomography scan
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| show | when other tests for a pulmonary embolism are inconclusive
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|
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| Your patients D-dimer blood test results show a value of 250ng/mL. How should these results be interpreted? | show 🗑
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| The duplex venous ultrasonography test is used to? | show 🗑
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| show | urokinase, heparin, streptokinase
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|
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| A patient fully recovered from a pulmonary embolism would take what anticoagulant medication for a few months at home? | show 🗑
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| show | embolus
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| show | Poor; recovery is not expected
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|
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| show | Pulmonary tissue death, blockage of the pulmonary vascular system, Alveolar atelectasis
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|
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| The most common cause of a pulmonary embolism is? | show 🗑
|
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| Predisposing factors of pulmonary emboli include? | show 🗑
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| show | Chest pain, lightheadedness or fainting, weak pulse
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|
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| show | Bedrest
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|
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| The safest and most effective class of fast acting anticoagulant medication to prevent a pulmonary embolism is? | show 🗑
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| show | Decreased from normal
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| show | Increase dead space ventilation
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| While assessing a patient who was involved in a serious car crash and hit his steering wheel, you notice that his left anterior chest wall caves during inspiration. What could cause this? | show 🗑
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| What is a possible lung finding under the fractured ribs of a flail chest? | show 🗑
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| A flail chest is defined as? | show 🗑
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| Major pathologic & structural changes associated with a flail chest include? | show 🗑
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| show | Blast injury, motor vehicle accident, fall from high altitude
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| It's mechanical ventilation is required, how long will it be needed to allow sufficient time for bone healing? | show 🗑
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| Your flail chest at patient require supplemental oxygen. What is the usual cause of hypoxemia in a flail chest patient? | show 🗑
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| show | Hyperinflation therapy protocol
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|
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| The major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with flail chest include? | show 🗑
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| Your patient with a flail chest has paradoxical chest movement. What would be seen with this? | show 🗑
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| When a patient has a flail chest, what happens during the ventilatory cycle? | show 🗑
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| Your patient with a flail chest is experiencing pendelluft. what are the effects? | show 🗑
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| show | Diminished over both lungs
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|
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| What chest radiograph findings would be expected on a patient with a flail chest? | show 🗑
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| show | The lung on the affected side collapses, the visceral & parietal pleura separate, The chest wall moves outward
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| A pneumothorax manifest itself clinically as? | show 🗑
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| show | Open, closed
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| A patient chest wall puncture, has resulted in a check valve so the room air is drawn into the chest during each inspiration and cannot get out. Type of pneumothorax? | show 🗑
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| Hey 17-year-old male has been brought to the hospital because he fell short of breath after being tackled in a football game. A chest radiograph she has a broken rib and a 10% pneumothorax. Type of pneumothorax? | show 🗑
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| show | Spontaneous
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|
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| show | Endotracheal intubation
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|
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| Treatment of a 30% pneumothorax may include? | show 🗑
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| show | Do not place the tube at the base of the lung
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| show | Pendelluft
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| show | Tracheal shift away from the pneumothorax
🗑
|
||||
| show | Darker lung fields on the affected side
🗑
|
||||
| Clinical manifestations of a pneumothorax may include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Management of a patient with a pneumothorax may include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| A chest radiograph she was your patient to have a 25% pneumothorax of the left lung. What should be done? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Perforation of the chest wall, gas forming bacteria in an empyema, perforation of the visceral pleura
🗑
|
||||
| show | Tension
🗑
|
||||
| Your patient suffered a gunshot to the chest and has a hole into the chest wall. What type of pneumothorax do you have? | show 🗑
|
||||
| A pneumothorax occurs when the free air accumulates in the? | show 🗑
|
||||
| The anatomic alterations caused by a pleural effusion is? | show 🗑
|
||||
| The major pathologic and structural changes associated with a significant pleural effusion include all the following except; a)diaphragm elevation b) atelectasis c) compression of the great vessels d)Lung compression | show 🗑
|
||||
| Your patient has a large pleural effusion. It will act as? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following are associated with transudative pleural effusion? a) thin and watery fluid b) fluid has a lot of cellular debris c)fluid has a high protein count d)few blood cells | show 🗑
|
||||
| The causes of a tranudative pleural effusion include | show 🗑
|
||||
| The causes of a transudative pleural effusion include? a)congestive heart failure b)fungal pneumonia c)pulmonary embolism d)Hemothorax | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Empyema; chylothorax; pancreatitis
🗑
|
||||
| show | Tube placement in the 4th to 5th intercostal space; tube placement in the midaxiliary line
🗑
|
||||
| Treatment of an empyema usually includes? | show 🗑
|
||||
| You are assisting the physician who is performing a thoracentesis. It is suspected that the patient has a hemothorax. If that is the case, how would the pleural effusion fluid appear? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Diminished breath sounds; tracheal shift
🗑
|
||||
| Your patient with pneumonia of the left lung and related empyema has a distinctive bread sound heard over the affected area. What is the name of this characteristic breath sound? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Meniscus sign
🗑
|
||||
| Usual chest radiograph findings on a patient with a large pleural effusion include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| A pleural effusion is caused by? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Mucosal edema
🗑
|
||||
| show | Is thin and watery, contains bacteria
🗑
|
||||
| show | Bacterial pneumonia, cancer of the pleura, tuberculosis
🗑
|
||||
| Empyema refers to? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Trauma to the neck commonly causes what? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Blood in the pleural space
🗑
|
||||
| show | Thoracentesis
🗑
|
||||
| show | Shift it's position to be more horizontal
🗑
|
||||
| Clinical manifestations associated with the plural effusion include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Posterior curvature of the spine best describes? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | An S or C shaped to the spine
🗑
|
||||
| Mild to moderate Kyphoscoliosis will manifest itself clinically as? | show 🗑
|
||||
| The major pathologic and structural changes of the lungs found with kyphoscoliosis include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Crackles or rhonchi breath sounds, Hyperresonant percussion note
🗑
|
||||
| What pulmonary function values are likely to be found in a patient with kyphoscoliosis? | show 🗑
|
||||
| A patient with severe Kyphoscoliosis and chronic ventilatory failure with hypoxia will not have what laboratory findings? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Enlarged heart, atelectasis, increased lung opacity, thoracic deformity
🗑
|
||||
| show | Kyphoscoliosis
🗑
|
||||
| Your patient has curvature of her spine to the left side. How will this affect the position of the mediastinal contents? | show 🗑
|
||||
| If a person has kyphoscoliosis, what anatomic alterations is likely to happen to the lungs? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Mechanical ventilation protocol
🗑
|
||||
| Patients with lateral and posterior curvature of the spine would tend to have? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following is/are associated with kyphoscoliosis? Diminished breath sounds, dull percussion note, decreased tactile fremitus, bronchial breath sounds | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Edema
🗑
|
||||
| show | Less than normal
🗑
|
||||
| show | Bronchospasm, mucus secretions, fibrocalcific pleural plaques
🗑
|
||||
| The interstitial lung diseases include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Anti-cancer
🗑
|
||||
| Progressive systemic sclerosis affects the what organs? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Your patient has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) of the lungs. What is the most commonly found pulmonary complication of SLE? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | African-American women, 20 to 30 years of age
🗑
|
||||
| Crypto genic organizing pneumonia COP also known as bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia BOOP has been associated with what? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Your patient has been diagnosed with Wegeners granulomatosis. Her long-term prognosis is? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Corticosteroids
🗑
|
||||
| Just assessment findings in a patient with ILD would include; pleural friction rub, increased vocal fremitus, vesicular breath sounds, hyperresonant percussion note? | show 🗑
|
||||
| In a patient with coal workers pneumoconiosis or silicosis, The diffusing capacity would be? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Chest radiograph findings in a patient with ILD can include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Inflammatory infiltration of alveolar walls
🗑
|
||||
| During the acute stage of any ILD, what is found in the patient? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Of the anatomic alterations of interstitial lung disease what will not be found? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is most closely associated with what pulmonary event or condition? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Unknown
🗑
|
||||
| Your patient has been recently diagnosed with Goodpasture syndrome that has affected both of his lungs. His prognosis is? | show 🗑
|
||||
| General management of patients with ILD can include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Faster than normal
🗑
|
||||
| What is used in the diagnosis of ILD? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Below normal
🗑
|
||||
| Benign tumor's? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Malignant tumors? | show 🗑
|
||||
| When a person has a lung cancer, what may happen to the alveoli adjacent to the tumor? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What major pathologic and structural changes are associated with bronchogenic carcinoma? | show 🗑
|
||||
| The most common cause of lung cancer is? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What are small cell lung cancer's? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Staging of a lung cancer is based on its classification by these three criteria? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Lobectomy
🗑
|
||||
| Your patient has metastatic lung cancer that has been identified in several other locations. What is the best way to treat her? | show 🗑
|
||||
| During bronchoscopy, a tumor was found in the right mainstem bronchus. What is the best way to manage the problem? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Treating his symptoms
🗑
|
||||
| show | An enlarged heart
🗑
|
||||
| A patient has gone to see her physician after recently developing hoarseness and difficulty swallowing. What does this indicate? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Weakness, bone pain, seizures, weight loss
🗑
|
||||
| What is true about cancer? | show 🗑
|
||||
| All types of lung cancer are? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Lung cancer bronchogenic carcinoma originates in the? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Adenocarcinoma
🗑
|
||||
| show | Small cell/oat cell
🗑
|
||||
| Techniques or procedures used to diagnose lung cancer can include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Radiation therapy, chemotherapy, surgical resection
🗑
|
||||
| show | Chemotherapy, radiation therapy
🗑
|
||||
| Depending on where a patient's lung cancer is located, pulmonary function testing results may show? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Your patient has acute respiratory distress syndrome/ARDS. What materials will be found in her alveoli? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Your patient has a prolonged case of ARDS. What will happen to his alveolar cells? | show 🗑
|
||||
| The physiologic abnormalities down in the lungs of the ARDS patient include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| The anatomic alterations found in the alveoli of a patient with ARDS are closely to those found with what other disease? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Blockages in pulmonary blood vessels
🗑
|
||||
| Inhalation of very dry air can lead to ARDS. True or false? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | ARDS
🗑
|
||||
| show | Continuous positive airway pressure/CPAP; positive end expiratory pressure PEEP
🗑
|
||||
| The ventilation strategy used with most patients with ARDS include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Commonly heard breath sounds in a patient with ARDS include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Low or normal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure PCWP, intercostal retractions, cyanosis
🗑
|
||||
| Chest radiograph findings indicative of ARDS? | show 🗑
|
||||
| The fundamental problem seen in acute respiratory distress syndrome ARDS is? | show 🗑
|
||||
| ARDS manifest itself clinically as? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Atelectasis, Alveolar consolidation, hyaline membrane formation, decreased shunt
🗑
|
||||
| show | Inhaled toxins, lung infection, oxygen toxicity
🗑
|
||||
| show | Massive blood transfusions, shock/hypovolemia, Goodpasture's syndrome
🗑
|
||||
| show | Mechanical ventilation, using the oxygen therapy protocol, antibiotics for bacterial infections
🗑
|
||||
| Positive end expiratory pressure PEEP is used with mechanical ventilation in order to? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Hypoxemia refractory to oxygen therapy, decreased FRC, increased shunt
🗑
|
||||
| Your patient has severe ARDS and acute ventilatory failure with hypoxemia. Her arterial blood gas results include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Los of reflexes, flaccid paralysis of skeletal muscles
🗑
|
||||
| Under microscopic inspection, the skeletal muscles and nerves of a guillain barre patient would not show? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Alveolar consolidation, atelectasis
🗑
|
||||
| show | White male=45 years of age
🗑
|
||||
| When a person has guillain barre syndrome,what happens to the peripheral nerves? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Difficulty swallowing, leg pain, distal paresthesia, absent deep tendon reflexes
🗑
|
||||
| The diagnosis of guillain barre syndrome is not based on what? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Clinical indications that your patient has acute ventilatory failure include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Your patient with Guillain barre is paralyzed and receiving mechanical ventilation and must lie in bed. A pulmonary risk of being in bed is? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What has been shown to shorten the course of a severe case of Guillain barre syndrome? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Typical just assessment findings in a patient with guillain barre syndrome include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Your guillain barre syndrome patient has automatic nervous system dysfunction and should be monitored for? | show 🗑
|
||||
| A patient with guillain barre syndrome Will have a pulmonary function test findings that show? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Increase opacity
🗑
|
||||
| show | Interferes with acetylcholine transmission, causes weakness of voluntary muscles
🗑
|
||||
| show | Muscle strength improves
🗑
|
||||
| The major pathologic or structural changes of the long is associated with ventilatory failure accompanying myasthenia gravis include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which demographic group is/are most likely to develop myasthenia gravis? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What are signs and symptoms associated with myasthenia gravis? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Electromyography
🗑
|
||||
| show | Strength will improve for a short time
🗑
|
||||
| show | NIF<-25cmH2O, VC<20ml/kg, PaCO2>45mmHg, pH<7.35
🗑
|
||||
| show | Plasmapheresis, thymectomy, mechanical ventilation, pyridostigmine
🗑
|
||||
| show | Bronchodilation
🗑
|
||||
| show | Remove the source of anti-ACH receptor antibodies
🗑
|
||||
| Your patient has a severe case of myasthenia gravis. It is most important that she be monitored for? | show 🗑
|
||||
| A patient with myasthenia gravis will have lung volume and capacity findings that show? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Normal lungs
🗑
|
||||
| show | Morning headache, loud snoring
🗑
|
||||
| Clinical disorders associated with the central sleep apnea include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Apnea is defined as? | show 🗑
|
||||
| During a central sleep apnea episode, the patient shows? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Continuous positive airway pressure CPAP, weight reduction if the patient is obese, surgical removal of obstructive tissue in the upper airway
🗑
|
||||
| What relationship if any, exist between sleep apnea and systemic hypertension? | show 🗑
|
||||
| During sleep, there is loss of muscle tone in the upper airway. What could cause this? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness
🗑
|
||||
| Clinical disorders associated with central sleep apnea include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Sleep apnea in an adult? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Prevents airway collapse
🗑
|
||||
| Long-term management of central sleep apnea includes? | show 🗑
|
||||
| If a person should near drown in unclean, swampy water what are the possible pulmonary complications? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Alveolar consolidation, bronchospasm, production of Frothy white secretions
🗑
|
||||
| Many adult drowning victims have been shown to have? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Colder water, younger age
🗑
|
||||
| show | Less than 70°
🗑
|
||||
| A near drowning victim and cardiac arrest has been put into an ambulance. The primary goals of the paramedic should be? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Late stage complications of extensive body surface burns include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Perform Endotracheal intubation
🗑
|
||||
| show | It almost doubles the mortality rate
🗑
|
||||
| Your patient with carbon monoxide poisoning has a COHB level of 20%. If he is given 100% oxygen, what will be the approximate COHB level in one hour? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What classes of medications are commonly used in the care of patients with smoke inhalation injury? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Clinical signs that a patient has a thermal injury to the upper airway include? | show 🗑
|
||||
| A throbbing headache, nausea, vomiting, and impaired judgment or common clinical manifestations when the blood COHB is at what level? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Define COPD? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | chronic productive cough for 3months, 2 successive years
🗑
|
||||
| Emphysema define? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Anatomic Alterations: Chronic bronchitits? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | weakening & permanent enlargement of air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles, destruction of alveolar walls/ pulmonary capillaires, weakend/distal airway collapse during expiration
🗑
|
||||
| show | panacinar(panlolubar) & centriacinar(centrilobular)
🗑
|
||||
| panacinar(panlolubar)? | show 🗑
|
||||
| centriacinar(centrilobular)? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Thin body build, barrel chest, diminished/decrease breath & heart sounds, prolonged expiration, diminish respiratory drive and hypo ventilation, pursed lip breathing in, cyanosis(reddish skin) accessory muscle use
🗑
|
||||
| Emphysema percussion note? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Emphysema chest x-ray? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Chronic bronchitis type B COPD blue bloater inspection/clinical manifestations? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Wheezes, crackles, rhonchi, depending on severity of disease
🗑
|
||||
| Chronic bronchitis percussion note? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Congested lung fields, densities, increased bronchial vascular markings, enlarge the horizontal heart
🗑
|
||||
| show | Polycythemia, infections, pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale
🗑
|
||||
| Treatment options for COPD? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Reversible bronchial airways smooth muscle construction, airway inflammation, increased airway responsiveness to an assortment to stimuli
🗑
|
||||
| Pathological changes associated with asthma? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Increased (HR,RR,BP), accessory muscle use, pursed lip breathing in, retractions, increased AP diameter, cyanosis, cough with excessive white thick tenacious sputum
🗑
|
||||
| show | Wheezing, rhonchi, decreased breath sounds, hyperresonant percussion note, decreased tactile and vocal fremitus prolonged expiration1:3
🗑
|
||||
| show | Increase AP diameter, translucent dark lung fields, depressed diaphragms
🗑
|
||||
| show | O2 therapy, bronchial high gene therapy, aerosolized medication therapy, mechanical ventilation for status asthmaticus
🗑
|
||||
| Bronchiectasis anatomic alterations? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Increased(HR,RR,BP), accessory muscle use, pursed lip breathing, increased AP diameter, cyanosis, digital clubbing, polycythemia, cor pulmonale, Distended neck veins/pitting edema, enlarged/tender liver,sputum
🗑
|
||||
| show | Large quantities of foul smelling sputum
🗑
|
||||
| Bronchiectasis, when primarily obstructive in nature (air trapping), chest assessment findings? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Bronchiectasis, when primarily restrictive in nature (consolidation/ atelectasis), chest assessment findings? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Bronchiectasis chest x-ray when primarily obstructive? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Bronchiectasis chest x-ray when primarily restrictive? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | O2 therapy, bronco pulmonary hygiene, lung expansion (deep breathing, coughing, incentive spirometry), aerosolized medication therapy, mechanical ventilation, expectorants, antibiotics
🗑
|
||||
| show | Excessive mucus production, partial or total bronchial obstruction (mucus plugging), atelectasis, hyper inflation of the alveoli
🗑
|
||||
| show | Increased (HR,RR,BP), accessory muscle use, pursed lip breathing in, increased AP diameter, cyanosis, digital clubbing, polycythemia, cor pulmonale, distended neck veins, pitting edema, enlarged/tender liver, cough, sputum, Malnutrition, foul stool
🗑
|
||||
| show | Crackles, rhonchi, wheezing, bronchial breath sounds over atelectasis, diminished breath sounds, hyperresonant percussion note, decreased/increased tactile and vocal fremitus
🗑
|
||||
| Cystic fibrosis chest x-ray? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Cystic fibrosis treatment options? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Inflammation of alveoli, increased AC membrane thickness, alveolar consolidation, atelectasis
🗑
|
||||
| Pneumonia clinical manifestations? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Pneumonia chest assessment findings? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Pneumonia chest x-ray? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | oxygen therapy, bronchial hygiene, lung expansion, thoracentesis, antibiotics
🗑
|
||||
| show | Alveolar consolidation, alveolar capillary/bronchial wall destruction, tissue necrosis, cavity formation, fibrosis/calcification of lung parenchyma, bronchopleural fistulas/empyema, atelectasis, excessive airway secretions
🗑
|
||||
| Lung abscess clinical manifestations? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Crackles, rhonchi, increased tactile and vocal fremitus, directly over the abscess: bronchial breath sounds, whispered pectoriloquy, dull percussion note, pleural friction rub
🗑
|
||||
| show | Increased capacity, cavity formation, cavity with air fluid, fibrosis/calcification, pleural effusion
🗑
|
||||
| Lung abscess treatment options? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Tuberculosis anatomical alterations? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Increased (HR,RR,BP), chest pain, decreased chest expansion, cyanosis, digital clubbing, peripheral edema/ venous distention: polycythemia/cor pulmonale, cough, sputum,hemopytsis
🗑
|
||||
| show | Crackles, rhonchi, wheezing, bronchial breath sounds, tactile and vocal fremitus, whispered pectoriloquy, pleural friction rub, dull percussion note,
🗑
|
||||
| Tuberculosis chest x-ray? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Oxygen therapy, bronchopulmonary hygiene, mechanical ventilation, isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide
🗑
|
||||
| show | Increased (HR,RR,BP), peripheral edema, cyanosis, cheyne stokes respirations(severe left heart failure), dyspnea, orothopnea, cough, frothy pink sputum
🗑
|
||||
| show | Increased tactile and vocal fremitus, crackle, rhonchi, wheezing
🗑
|
||||
| show | Butterfly/ bat wing appearance, dance fluffy opacities spread out from hair, enlarged pulmonary vessels, left ventricular hypertrophy, pleural effusion kurly A&B lines
🗑
|
||||
| show | No cardiac enlargement and no pleural effusion
🗑
|
||||
| Pulmonary edema treatment options? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Pulmonary embolism anatomic alterations? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Pulmonary embolism clinical manifestations? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Pulmonary embolism chest assessment findings? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Pulmonary embolism chest x-ray? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Pulmonary embolism treatment options? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Double fracture of numerous adjacent ribs, rib irritability, lung restriction, atelectasis, lung collapse, lung contusion, secondary pneumonia
🗑
|
||||
| Flail chest clinical manifestations? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Increased opacity atelectasis/pneumonia, rib fractures, increased ability affected side
🗑
|
||||
| show | Mild cases meds for pain and routine of bronchial hygiene, oxygen therapy, long expansion/hyper inflation, severe cases mechanical ventilation
🗑
|
||||
| show | Lung collapse, atelectasis, asymmetrical chest wall expansion, compression of the great veins and decreased cardiac venous return
🗑
|
||||
| Pneumothorax:General classification? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Close pneumothorax? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Pleural Space is in direct contact with atmosphere; gas can move in and out
🗑
|
||||
| show | One way valve like action of ruptured parietal pleura; Gas enters during inspiration, but cannot leave during expiration; most serious
🗑
|
||||
| Pneumothorax classifications based on origin? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Trumatic pneumothorax? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Spontaneous pneumothorax? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Occurs during diagnostic or therapeutic procedures
🗑
|
||||
| Pneumothorax clinical manifestations? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Pneumothorax chest assessment findings? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Pneumothorax chest x-ray? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Pneumothorax treatment options? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Pleural effusion anatomic alterations? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Fluid in from pulmonary capillaries moves into pleural state, commonly caused by congestive heart failure
🗑
|
||||
| show | Pleural surfaces diseased due to inflammation, high protein content in a great deal of cellular debris
🗑
|
||||
| show | Pus in pleural space develop as a result of inflammation
🗑
|
||||
| show | Increased (HR,RR,BP), chest pain/decrease chest expansion, cyanosis, cough dry nonproductive
🗑
|
||||
| show | Tracheal shift, decreased tactile and vocal fremitus, diminished breath sounds, displaced heart sounds, pleural friction rub, dull percussion note
🗑
|
||||
| Pleural effusion chest x-ray? | show 🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
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Ashlo29