Stack #2548013
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| Business Ethics | show 🗑
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| Ethical Strategy | show 🗑
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| In the international business setting, what do the most common ethical issues involve? | show 🗑
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| show | are standards of the host or home nation applied?
Nike (women who worked with toxic materials 6 days a week for only 20 cents an hour @ a Vietnamese subcontractor)
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| show | Nike code of conduct for subcontractors and instituted annual monitoring by independent auditors. Levis terminating partnership with Tan Brothers
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| Human Rights | show 🗑
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| Human Rights | show 🗑
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| show | Thus adopting an ethical stance was argued to have helped improve human rights in South Africa. Argued that: inward investment from MNEs can be a force for economic, political,and social progress
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| Human Rights | show 🗑
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| show | Example: Lead sales within Mexico from batteries
pollution regulations.Polluting even if not regulated hurts all. Tragedy of the Commons
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| Tragedy of the Commons | show 🗑
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| show | Example--Carl Kotchian, president of Lockheed, made a 12.6 million payment to Japanese agents an govt. officials to secure a large order for Lockheed's TriStar jet from Nippon Air. Lockheed case was an impetus for the 1977 passing for the Foreign Corrupt
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| show | Lockheed case was an impetus for the 1977 passing for the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
ethical implications of paying speed money are unclear (not covered in treaty or by OECD)
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| Corruption | show 🗑
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| Corruption | show 🗑
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| Foreign Corrupt Practices Act | show 🗑
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| show | Subsequently amended to allow for "facilitating payments." Sometimes known as speed money or grease payments to secure contracts that would not otherwise be secured nor are they payments to obtain exclusive preferential treatment.
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| Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Officials in International Business Transactions | show 🗑
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| Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Officials in International Business Transactions | show 🗑
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| show | Multinational corporations have power that comes from their control over resources and their ability to move production from country to country
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| show | with power comes social responsibility to give something back to the societies that enable them to prosper and grow
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| Moral Obligations | show 🗑
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| show | The idea that business people should consider the social consequences of economic actions when making business decisions. there should be a presumption in favor of decisions that have both good economic and social consequences
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| Noblesse oblige | show 🗑
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| show | Def: A situation in which there is no ethically acceptable solution.
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| Ethical Dilemma | show 🗑
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| show | he is the bread winner for her family and 6 year old brother; she cannot find another job so she turns to prostitution and then dies 2 years later from AIDS.
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| show | If the US man had understood the gravity of her situation would he still have made her be replaced?
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| show | Center: Ethical Behavior:Stems:Societal Culture:Decision-Making Processes,Leadership, Unrealistic Performance Goals,Organizational Culture, Personal Ethics
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| Personal Ethics: | show 🗑
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| Personal Ethics: | show 🗑
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| show | some people do not even realize they are making an unethical decision. Nikes decision to subcontract:
The fault lies in the processes that do not incorporate ethical considerations into business decision making
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| show | decisions were probably made based on good economic logic. Subcontractors were probably chosen based on business variables such as cost, delivery, and product quality,
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| Decision-Making Processes | show 🗑
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| Organizational Culture | show 🗑
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| Organizational Culture | show 🗑
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| Unrealistic Performance Expectations | show 🗑
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| Unrealistic Performance Expectations | show 🗑
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| Leadership | show 🗑
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| Societal Culture | show 🗑
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| 2-Companies HQ'ed in cultures where individualism and uncertainty avoidance are strong were more likely to emphasize the importance of behaving ethically | show 🗑
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| show | either deny the value of business ethics or apply the concept in a very unsatisfactory way
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| show | Freidman's basic position is that the only social responsibility of business is to increase profits, so long as the company stays within the rules of law.
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| show | There is only one social responsibility of business--to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits so long as it stays within the rules of the game, which is to say that it engages in open and free competition with out dec
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| The Friedman Doctrine | show 🗑
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| Cultural Relativism | show 🗑
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| Which is the belief that ethics are nothing more than the reflection of a culture--all ethics are culturally. determined--and that accordingly, a firm should adopt 2-the ethics of the culture in which its operating "when in rome, do as the romans do" | show 🗑
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| 4-BP's experiences suggest that companies should not use cultural relativism as an argument for justifying behavior that is clearly based upon suspect ethical grounds | show 🗑
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| show | typically associated with managers from developed countries.
italy tax example--the right thing to do is to follow the 1- prevailing cultural norms, because there is a big penalty for not doing so
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| 2- While there are some universal moral principles that should not be violated, it does not always follow that the appropriate thing to do is adopt home-country standards-- | show 🗑
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| show | The belief that if a manager of a multinational sees that firm from other nations are not following ethical norms in a host nation, that manager should not either
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| show | paying off drug lord to not be bombed is ethical because everyone is doing it. to say that an action is ethically justified if everyone is doing it is not sufficient
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| show | 2. the multinational must recognize that it does have the ability to change the prevailing practice in country.
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| show | 1- An action is judged desirable if it leads to the best possible balance of good consequences over bad consequences
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| show | -Cost Benefit Analysis- Risk Assessment
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| show | PROBLEM 2. philosophy omits the consideration of justice. the action that produces the greatest good for the greatest number of people may result in the unjustified treatment of a minority. such action cannot be ethical, precisely because it is unjust.
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| Kantian Ethics. The belief that people should be treated as ends and never as means to the ends of others | show 🗑
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| show | 20th century theory that recognizes that human beings have fundamental rights and privileges that transcend national boundaries and cultures
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| What do moral theorists argue? | show 🗑
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| show | The Notion that there are fundamental rights that transcend national borders and culture was the underlying motivation for the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human rights,.
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| show | 1- which has been ratified by almost every country on the planet and lays down the basic principles that should always be adhered to irrespective of the culture in which one is doing business''
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| show | a distribution of goods and services that is considered fair and equitable
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| Justice Theories | show 🗑
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| Veil of Ignorance.Under the veil of ignorance, everyone is imagined to be ignorant of all of his or her particular characteristics, for example, race, sex, intelligence, naionality, family backgrouund, and special talents. | show 🗑
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| difference principle | show 🗑
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| show | The term ethics refers to accepted principles of right and wrong that govern the conduct of a person, the members of a profession or the actions of an organization.
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| Business ethics are the accepted principles of right and wrong governing the conduct of business people and an ethical strategy is one that does not volate these accepted principles. | show 🗑
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| show | Ethical dilemmas are situations in which none of the available alternatives seems ethically acceptable.
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| show | A dysfunctional culture and failure of leaders to act in an ethical manner,
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| Moral philosophers contend that approaches to business ethics such as the Friedman doctrine, cultural relativism, the righteous moralist and the native immoralist are unsatisfactory in important ways. | show 🗑
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| Cultural relativism contends that one should adopt the ethics of the culture in which one is doing business. The righteous moralist monolithic ally apply home country ethics to a foreign situation. | show 🗑
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| show | John Rawls suggest that a decision is just and ethical if people would allow for it when designing a social system under a veil of ignorance.
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| show | make sure that leaders within the business not only articulate the rhetoric of ethical behavior but also act in a manner that is consistent with that rhetoric,
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| put decision making processes i place that require people to consider the ethical dimension of business decisions,be morally courageous and encourage others to do the same . | show 🗑
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