advanced positioning midterm quiz 5
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| How is the CR positioned to free the bladder neck of superimposition during a female cystourethrogram? | 5 degrees caudad
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| What projections are done during a cystogram? | AP, AP oblique, lateral
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| Term for reflux traveling from the bladder to the ureters | vesicoureteral reflux
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| Term for radiographic examination of the urinary bladder | cystography
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| During a normal HSG, contrast spills where? | into the peritoneal cavity
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| When taking plain films after flouro for an HSG, the film should be centered: | 2” above the PS
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| How much obliquity is used for male or female cystourethrogram? | 35-40 degrees
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| Where is the IR centered for an AP projection during male or female cystourethrogram? | superior border of the PS
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| What are the 3 portions of the fallopian tubes? | isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum
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| What structures should be included on evaluation of cystography radiographs? | distal ureters, bladder, proximal urethra
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| Purpose of an HSG: | determine patency of fallopian tubes, polyps, position of uterus, presence of fistulous tracts
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| How long are the fallopian tubes? | 3-5”
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| Where is the IR centered for an AP axial cystogram? | 2” above the upper border of the PS
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| The ovaries lie in what position relative to the fallopian tubes? | inferior and posterior
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| What catheter is typically used for infants and children when performing retrograde cystography? | 5 or 8 french feeding tube
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| Term for the radiographic examination of the bladder and urethra | cystourethrography
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| CR angle for PA axial urinary bladder | 10-15 degrees cephalad
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| How much rotation is needed for an AP oblique bladder projection during a cystogram? | 40-60 degrees
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| What is the essential projection for a cystourethrogram on a male patient? | AP oblique
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| Voiding studies allow for delineation of: | urethral canal and ureteral reflux
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| CR angulation for AP axial urinary bladder | 10-15 degrees caudad
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| What is the injection route for an HSG: | uterus
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| Can gaseous contrasts be used for an HSG? | yes
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| Can gastrografin be used for an HSG? | no
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