Common Entrance (KS3) Physics vocabulary
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| AMMETER | An instrument used for measuring current in a circuit.
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| AMPERE | The unit for electrical current
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| AMPLITUDE | The size of a sound vibration. A higher amplitude produces a louder sound.
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| CURRENT | The unit for the flow of electricity along a wire. Measured in AMPERES.
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| DAY | The time it takes a planet to revolve once on it axis.
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| DENSITY | The mass of 1 cm³ of an object. Calculated using the formula MASS ÷ VOLUME
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| DIFFUSION | The movement of tiny particles like atoms or molecules that cause them to mix together or move across thin membranes. Diffusion happens because the particles in a substance are constantly moving. Diffusion explains some important processes in biology such as the movement of gas in the alveoli.
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| DIODE | An electrical component that only allows a current to flow in one direction.
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| DISPERSION | Name the process of white light being split into a spectrum by a prism
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| ECLIPSE of the sun | When the Moon comes between the Sun and the Earth causing a shadow of the Moon to fall on the Earth.
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| FORCE | A Push or a pull. Measured in NEWTONS (n). It cause an object to SPEED UP, SLOW DOWN OR CHANGE SHAPE.
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| FRICTION | A force which causes a moving object to slow down.
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| FUSE | A short length of wire designed to melt when the current flowing though it gets too high.
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| GAS | One of the three states of matter. (The other two are solids and liquids).
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| GRAVITATIONAL ENERGY | The energy something has caused by it's height
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| GRAVITY | The force that pulls all objects down towards the centre of the Earth.
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| INSULATOR | A material that does not allow electricity or heat to flow through it easily eg wood, glass or plastic to flow through it
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| JOULE | The metric unit for energy
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| KILOGRAM | The metric unit for MASS
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| KINETIC ENERGY | The energy stored in a moving object
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| LDR | Light Dependent Resistor. A component that has a high resistance in the dark and a low resistance in the light
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| MEASURING CYLINDER | Name an instrument you would use to measure the volume of a liquid:
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| MOON | A natural satellite of the Earth. Orbits the Earth once every 28 days.
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| NEWTON | The unit for force (and weight)
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| OPAQUE | A word used to describe a material that does not allow light to pass through it. Examples Brick and wood.
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| PARALLEL CIRCUIT | A type of circuit where the current divides and follows more than one path.
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| PERMEABLE | A word used to describe a type of rock that allows water to soak into it. Example are chalk and limestone.
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| PITCH | Describes how high or low a sound is.
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| PLANET | An object in orbit around the Sun.
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| PRESSURE | The force on 1 cm² of a surface. Calculated using the formula FORCE ÷ AREA.
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| REED SWITCH | What name is given to the kind of switch that can be closed using a magnet.
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| REFLECTION | The word that describes what happens when light bounces off a smooth surface (eg a mirror).
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| REFRACTION | The name is given to the bending of light.
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| RESISTANCE | The property of a conductor that reduces the current flowing through it.
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| SATELLITE | Is the moon a satellite, planet or star?
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| SPECTRUM | What is the name given to the rainbow of colours produced by a prism?
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| SPEED | Calculated as distance ÷ time
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| SPEED | what is being calculated using the formula DISTANCE ÷ TIME
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| STAR | The object at the centre of any solar system . It supplies the solar system with energy
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| STRAIN ENERGY | The form of energy is in a stretched elastic band or compressed spring.
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| TEMPERATURE | A measure of how hot or cold something is. Measured using a thermometer in degrees Celcius (°C)
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| THERMOMETER | An instrument used to measure temperature.
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| UPTHRUST | The force that pushes up on a floating object
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| VOLUME (sound) | How loud or soft a sound is. Decided by the AMPLITUDE of the sound wave.
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| WEIGHT | Weight is a force on an object caused by gravity. Measured in newtons.
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| YEAR | The time it takes a planet to complete one full orbit around the sun.
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| Unit of PRESSURE | Newtons per square centimetre (N/1 cm²)
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| Unit of DENSITY | Grams per cubic centimetre (g/cm³ )
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| FREQUENCY | The number of sound vibrations a second. A higher frequency causes a higher pitch.
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| CHEMICAL ENERGY | The energy stored in a battery, firework rocket, or any kind of fuel such as coal.
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| ELECTRICAL ENERGY | A battery converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
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| RESISTOR | A component that reduces the current in a circuit
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| LED | Light Emitting Diode. A special diode that glows when electricity passes through it.
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