Ionic Bonding
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| valence electrons | outermost "s" and "p" electrons in an atom
🗑
|
||||
| electron dot diagrams | depicts valence electrons
🗑
|
||||
| lewis dot diagram | does not distinguish between "s" and "p" electrons, fills spots one at a time in all four sides (orbitals)
🗑
|
||||
| cation | a positively charged ion that is formed when an atom loses one or more electrons
🗑
|
||||
| anion | a negatively charged ion that is formed when an atom gains one or more electrons; monatomic anions are named with an "-ide" ending
🗑
|
||||
| noble gases | (1) most stable because outermost "s" and "p" subshells are filled
(2) of lowest energy and chemical reactivity because of their stable electron configurations
🗑
|
||||
| monatomic ion | a single atom ion
🗑
|
||||
| polyatomic ion | a group of atoms with a charge
🗑
|
||||
| octet rule | states that atoms react by changing the number of their electrons to acquire the stable electron structure of noble gases (full outer shell)
🗑
|
||||
| metals obey the octet rule by ___ to form ___ | losing electrons...cations
🗑
|
||||
| nonmetals obey the octet rule by ___ to form ___ | gaining electrons...anions
🗑
|
||||
| ionic bond | the force of attraction that binds oppositely charged ions together
🗑
|
||||
| HOW ARE IONIC BONDS FORMED | FIND THE ANSWER TO THIS
🗑
|
||||
| formula unit | collection of independent ions that bond together to form a crystal and has the following properties: (1) composed of cations and anions (2) have a neutral charge (3) held together by ionic bonds
🗑
|
||||
| solid crystalline structure | a repeating three-dimensional pattern
🗑
|
||||
| coordination number | the number of oppositely charged ions touching a single ion
🗑
|
||||
| (1) the shape of a crystal is determined by the ___ and ___ of the ions | charge...size
🗑
|
||||
| (2) brittle | when a force is applied to an ionic compound, like charges are forced together and in response, the like charges repel and the crystal chatters into many smaller crystals
🗑
|
||||
| (3) high melting points | determined by the strength of the bond...the stronger the bond, the higher the melting point
🗑
|
||||
| (4) not flammable | crystal will NOT combust when exposed to direct heat
🗑
|
||||
| (5) readily soluble in water | ionic compounds easily dissolve in water because they dissociate (separate into individual ions when dissolved in water)
🗑
|
||||
| (6) does NOT conduct electricity as a solid | must have free movement of charge to conduct electricity crystal structure means ions are "locked" into a fixed position and unable to
move freely, thus do not conduct electricity
🗑
|
||||
| (7) conducts electricity as a liquid | when melted, ionic bonds break, which frees ions and allows them to move freely and thus, conduct electricity
🗑
|
||||
| (8) conducts electricity as a solution | because ionic compounds dissociate when dissolved in water, the ions are free to move around and thus conduct electricity
🗑
|
||||
| representative metals | the smallest particle of a substance that keeps the identity of that substance, and come in three types
🗑
|
||||
| atom | representative part for an ELEMENT
🗑
|
||||
| formula unit | the representative particle for an IONIC COMPOUND because it is the smallest particle of an ionic compound that keeps the identity of that compound
🗑
|
||||
| molecule | the representative part for a MOLECULAR COMPOUND
🗑
|
||||
| **an ionic compound consists of a cation and an anion | ...
🗑
|
||||
| metallic bond | the attraction between the free floating valence electrons (sea of electrons) and fixed positive nuclei of the metal atoms
🗑
|
||||
| **metallic bonds are non-directional | ...
🗑
|
||||
| properties of metals: | ...
🗑
|
||||
| (1) malleable (able to be smashed into thin sheets) (2) ductile (able to be put into wire) | atoms can slide over one another because metallic bonds are non-directional
🗑
|
||||
| (3) good conductors of heat (4) good conductors of electricity | sea of electrons allows free floating valence electrons
🗑
|
||||
| (5) crystalline structure | 1. face centered cubic
2. hexagonal closest packing
3. body centered cubic
4. coordination number
🗑
|
||||
| coordination number | the number of oppositely charged ions that touch an ion
🗑
|
||||
| alloys | a solution (mixture combined physically) of metals, which are homogeneous
🗑
|
||||
| types of alloys: |
🗑
|
||||
| substitutional alloy | metal atoms mix because they are the same size
🗑
|
||||
| interstitial alloy | component metals are different sizes, essentially, smaller ones go into bigger ones
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
amillion_b
Popular Chemistry sets