phyx eqns Thermal
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Heat Transfer | Q = mcΔT
c= specific heat
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| Phase Change | Q = mL
L= latent heat ( fusion or vaporization)
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| Linear Expansion | Δl = α lo ΔT
α = coefficient of linear expansion
lo = original length
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| Volume Expansion | ΔV = β Vo ΔT
β = Coefficient of volume
Vo = original volume
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| Rate of Heat Transfer | H = Q/t or H = (k A ΔT) / L
k = thermal conductivity
A = Cross sectional area
L = Distance Between ends
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| Ideal Gas Law | PV= nRT
P = pressure
V= Volume
n= number of moles
R= Universal Gas Constant
T = Temperature
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| Average Molecular Kinetic Energy | K = 3/2 k T
k = Boltzman's Constant
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| Root-mean-squared velocity | v rms = √(3 k T / m)
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| 0th Law of Thermodynamics | When A & B are in equilibrium with C. A & B are in Equilibrium with each other.
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| 1st law of Thermodynamics | ΔU = ΔQ + W
U= Internal Energy
Q = Heat Transferred to a System
W= Work done on the gas ( if work done by the gas it is negative)
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| Work done by or on a gas | W = -PΔV or W = PΔV
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| Change in internal energy | ΔU = 3/2 NkΔT
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| Efficiency | e = W/ QH
W = Output
QH = Input
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| Heat Input | QH = W + QL
QL = Heat that flows out
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| Ideal Efficiency | e ideal = TH - TL / TH
TH = High Temp
TL = Low Temp
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| Change in Entropy | ΔS = Q/T
Q= Heat added
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| 2nd Law of Thermodynamics | The total entropy of any system plus that of its environment increases as a result of any natural process
ΔS > 0
ΔS = ΔSs + ΔS env
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| 3rd Law of Thermodynamics | The entropy of a pure perfect crystal is zero (0) at zero Kelvin (0° K).
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