exam 2 definitions
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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barometer | used to measure atmospheric pressure
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advection | type of fog that forms when warm moist air moves over cold surface
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isobars | lines drawn on map to connect points of equal atmospheric pressure
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anemometer | measures wind speed
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coriolis effect | result of earths rotation from west to east causing objects to curve right in northern hemisphere
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jet stream | narrow zone at high altitude w/ strong temp. gradient
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rossby waves | waves at polar front in northern hemisphere marks boundary between cold polar air and warm tropical air
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thermocline | boundary between warmer surface ocean water and colder subsurface ocean water
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cyclone | uplift causes condensation and precipitation
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anticyclone | downward moving air causes relatively clearer conditions
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mid latitude cyclone | term for large inspiral of air that forms along polar front doinant system, carries cold front
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storm surge | sudden rise in water level brought on by hurricane
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doldrum | light and variable equatorial winds due to weak temp. gradient and weak pressure gradient near equator
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climate | avg weather of region
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temperature regime | characteristic temp pattern
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Hydrosphere | 99% oceans, glaciers, and ice sheets
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hydrologic cycle | process of water moving between spheres
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specific humidity | total quantity amount of water vapor in air
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reltive humidity | amount of water vapor in air relative to mx amount air con hold
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dew point | temperature at which an air mass holds its full capacity of water vapor
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lifting condensation level | altitude at which condensation occurs
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dry adiabatic lapse rate | when air rises it cools at the rate until it reaches dewpoint:
5.5 degrees F
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wet adiabatic lapse rate | after reaching dewpoint air rises and cools at: 2.7 degrees per 1000FT
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fog | cloud layer closest to earths surface
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cloud types | stratiform
cumuliform
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orographic precipitation | air is forced up over mountain range
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convectional precipitation | air heated by patch of warm ground
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cyclonic precipitation | air lifted by cold front
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atmospheric pressure | pressure exerted by weight of air in atmosphere
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standard sea level pressure | 1013.2mb
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pressure gradient | change in atmospheric pressure measured along line at right angles to the isobars
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convective wind system | heating causes air to rise and form zone of low pressure
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geostrophic wind | winds at high levels that blow paralled to isobars
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hadley cell | convection loop of air between 0 and 30 degrees North and SOuth
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prevailing westerlies | between 30 to 60 N and S
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polar easterlies | 60 to 90 degrees
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thermohaline cycle | depends in temp. and salt content
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