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exam 2 definitions

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Term
Definition
barometer   used to measure atmospheric pressure  
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advection   type of fog that forms when warm moist air moves over cold surface  
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isobars   lines drawn on map to connect points of equal atmospheric pressure  
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anemometer   measures wind speed  
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coriolis effect   result of earths rotation from west to east causing objects to curve right in northern hemisphere  
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jet stream   narrow zone at high altitude w/ strong temp. gradient  
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rossby waves   waves at polar front in northern hemisphere marks boundary between cold polar air and warm tropical air  
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thermocline   boundary between warmer surface ocean water and colder subsurface ocean water  
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cyclone   uplift causes condensation and precipitation  
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anticyclone   downward moving air causes relatively clearer conditions  
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mid latitude cyclone   term for large inspiral of air that forms along polar front doinant system, carries cold front  
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storm surge   sudden rise in water level brought on by hurricane  
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doldrum   light and variable equatorial winds due to weak temp. gradient and weak pressure gradient near equator  
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climate   avg weather of region  
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temperature regime   characteristic temp pattern  
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Hydrosphere   99% oceans, glaciers, and ice sheets  
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hydrologic cycle   process of water moving between spheres  
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specific humidity   total quantity amount of water vapor in air  
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reltive humidity   amount of water vapor in air relative to mx amount air con hold  
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dew point   temperature at which an air mass holds its full capacity of water vapor  
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lifting condensation level   altitude at which condensation occurs  
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dry adiabatic lapse rate   when air rises it cools at the rate until it reaches dewpoint: 5.5 degrees F  
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wet adiabatic lapse rate   after reaching dewpoint air rises and cools at: 2.7 degrees per 1000FT  
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fog   cloud layer closest to earths surface  
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cloud types   stratiform cumuliform  
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orographic precipitation   air is forced up over mountain range  
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convectional precipitation   air heated by patch of warm ground  
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cyclonic precipitation   air lifted by cold front  
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atmospheric pressure   pressure exerted by weight of air in atmosphere  
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standard sea level pressure   1013.2mb  
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pressure gradient   change in atmospheric pressure measured along line at right angles to the isobars  
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convective wind system   heating causes air to rise and form zone of low pressure  
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geostrophic wind   winds at high levels that blow paralled to isobars  
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hadley cell   convection loop of air between 0 and 30 degrees North and SOuth  
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prevailing westerlies   between 30 to 60 N and S  
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polar easterlies   60 to 90 degrees  
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thermohaline cycle   depends in temp. and salt content  
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