Review for Chemistry Final Exam
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| elements are arranged this way on the current periodic table | increasing atomic number
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| atomic mass - atomic number finds this | neutrons
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| number of valence electrons equals this | group number
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| these subatomic particles are found in the nucleus | protons + neutrons
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| these subatomic particles must be equal if atom is neutral | protons + electrons
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| change in number of protons | different element
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| change in number of neutrons | isotope
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| change in number of electrons | ion
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| innermost electrons are called this | core
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| outermost electrons are called this | valence
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| majority of elements on periodic table are this | metals
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| Cations are found where on the periodic table | 1A, 2A, 3A (+ d and f blocks)
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| Anions are found where on the periodic table | 5A, 6A, 7A
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| Type of chemical reaction: AB --> A + B | decomposition
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| Type of chemical reaction: A + B --> A + B | combination (synthesis)
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| Type of chemical reaction: AB + CD --> AD + CB | double replacement
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| Type of chemical reaction: AB + C --> CB + A (sometimes) | single replacement
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| Compound made by a transfer of valence electrons | ionic
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| Compound made by sharing of valence electrons | covalent
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| How are ionic compounds named? | criss cross but never use prefixes
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| How are covalent compounds named? | always use prefixes but never "mono" on 1st anion
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| most electronegative element + its trend | F (up and right)
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| atomic mass is the sum of ________ & __________ | protons + neutrons
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| what element is the exception in group 1A (1) | H , not a metal
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| what element is the exception in group 8A (18) | He, stable with 2 valence electrons
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| 2 parts of an ionic compound | cation (metal) + anion (nonmetal)
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| 2 parts of a covalent compound | anion (nonmetal) + anion (nonmetal)
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| subatomic particle with positive charge | proton
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| subatomic particle with negative charge | electron
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| subatomic particle with no charge | neutron
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| study of matter and the changes it goes through | chemistry
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| horizontal rows on the periodic table (7) | periods
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| vertical columns on the periodic table (18) | groups/families
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| SI unit for length | meters (m)
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| SI unit for mass | kilograms (kg)
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| Rule that says that atoms of elements become stable with 8 valence electrons | octet
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| is conserved in every chemical reaction | molar mass + # of atoms
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| numbers that are never changed to balance a chemical equation | subscripts
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| numbers that are added to balance a chemical equation | coefficients
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| chemical equation that is not balanced | skeleton
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| formula that uses the lowest whole number ratios | empirical
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| elements were arranged this way on the first periodic table | increasing atomic mass
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| last 2 things done after experiment is over | clean up + wash hands
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| Type of Chemical Reaction: CxHy + O2 --> CO2 + H2O | Combustion
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| 273 K ( or O C) AND 101.3 kPa ( or 1 atm) | STP conditions
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| Non-SI unit for volume | Liter
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| SI unit for amount of substance | mole
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| (6.02 x 10^23 ) # of representative particles | Avogadro's number
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| Volume of 1 mole of any gas at STP conditions | 22.4 Liters
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| Movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration | diffusion
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