procedures sem1
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| t or f? To change from film to CR, significant changes must be made to the X-ray generating equipment | False
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| T or f? With a CR system there is no danger of routinely overexposing all patients | False
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| T or f? A digital image is composed of a series of rows and columns known as a matrix | True
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| What digital imaging modality uses a laser to scan the image plate before the radiographic image is acquired by the computer and displayed to a computer monitor? | Computed radiography
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| Digital images are stored by a computer as what? | A series of 0s and 1s
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| Digital radiography detector that is also used in consumer digital cameras and camcorders. A. Selenium detector B. Charged coupling device C. Computed radiography | B.
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| T or F? The thin film transistor (TFT) used with an indirect flat panel detector is the same as the TFT used for a direct detector | True
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| T or F? The photostimulable phosphor stores the energy deposited by the X-ray beam in the plate | True
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| T or F? Flat panel receptors are classified as scintillator based or non scintillator based | True
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| Which of the following is an advantage when viewing a digital image compared to conventional film? A. Wider latitude B. Brightness of monitor is less than a view box C. Monitors need to be replaced | A.
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| Random information within a diagnostic image that detracts from the overall images appearance is known as? A. Contrast B. Detail C. Noise D. Density | C.
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| A neural histogram compares the image data to ____ or more predefined histograms. A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 | A
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| How many people can view a digital image on a PACS simultaneously? | Unlimited
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| In what year did the ARC and the NEMA form a joint committee to create a standard process for transmitting medical images? | 1982
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| When was DICOM standard 3.0 published ? | 1993
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| Workstations designated as diagnostic workstations typically are used only by: A. Radiographers B. Medical physicists C. Radiologists D. Physicians | C.
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| Long term storage of digital images occurs in which type of storage system? | Archive
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| A benefit of installing PACS software on computers throughout the medical facility is increased: A. Image detail B. Viewing functionality C. Access D. Image size | C.
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| Prefetching generally occurs at what time of the day? A. The start of the work day B. During the lunch hour C. During the night | C
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| A computer network limited to a relatively small geographical area is known as: A. LAN B. WAN C. STAN D.GAN | A
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| An advantage of LCD monitors over CRT monitors is that LCD monitors: A. Are more durable B. Lower measurable black levels C. Have less screen glare | C
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| _______ refers to continuously verying quantity; a ______ system uses only two values that vary discretely through coding. | Analog, digital
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| Computer _____ are the software of the computer. | Programs
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| To encode is to translate from ordinary characters to computer compatible characters - ______ _______. | Binary digits
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| The electronic circuitry that does the actual _______ and the memory that supports this together are called the _______. | Computation, processor
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| Main memory is the _______ storage of a computer. | Working
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| Output hardware consists of ______ that translate computer information into a form that humans can understand | Devices
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| Input hardware converts ________ into a form that the computer can use. | Data
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| Scanning the bar code on a PSP plate is extremely important because it links the image data with the correct _______. | Patient
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| Which device allows for an increased scanning precision compared with a mechanical arm? | Rotating mirror
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| In a PSP plate reader, the light guide collects the light and directs it into a _______. | Photomultiplier tube
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| PSP plates are erased after processing by exposing the plate to: | High intensity light
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| When using a flat panel detector, the technologist does not touch the : | Image detector
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| In a flat panel imaging system, electrons are converted into digital values by an: | ADC
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| What do both a charge-coupled device and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor need to change X-rays into light? | A scintillator
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| What happens when a PSP plate reader is unable to identify the collimated borders of the image? | The image quality is poor
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| A graphical representation of exposure values extracted from an image receptor is known as: | Histogram
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| Visual cues that an image has been overexposed are not easily seen in digital radiography because of: | Rescaling
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| If a PSP plate is processed using the wrong anatomical menu, what could happen? | The El number might display improperly
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| All of the following are advantages to digitizing radiographs except: A. It allows radiologists to view images in new ways B. It provides electronic access to digitized images C. Artifacts are removed during the process | C
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| The benefits of the needle shape photostimulable phosphor as compared to the powder based PSP is: A. Less light spread B. Greater absorption of radiation for same thickness C. Better resolution D. All the above | D.
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| What is the ideal percentage value for MTF? | 100%
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| T or F? A pixel is a two dimensional representation of a corresponding tissue volume, known as a voxel | True
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| Which digital imaging modality uses a laser to scan the image plate before the radiographic image is acquired by the computer and displayed to a computer monitor? | Computed radiography
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| Viewing an image on a computer monitor, the displayed brightness and contrast are controlled by adjusting the: A. Pixel size B. Window level C. Window width D. B and C | D
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| Which department(s) use a digital format for imaging? A. MRI B. CT C. nuclear medicine D. All the above | D.
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| Eight bits equals ___ byte(s) | 1
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| T or F? To change from film/screen to CR, significant changes must be made to the X-ray generating equipment | False
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| T or F? It is impossible to stitch together multiple images on the CR system | False
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| T or f? DR requires a plate reader for processing of the image | False
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| Which if the following is an advantage when viewing a digital image compared to conventional film? A. Wider latitude B. Brightness of monitor is less than a view box C. Monitors need to be replaced | A
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| T or F? Digitally captured images suffer from a toe and shoulder similar to the H&D curve of X-ray film | False
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| T or F? Soft copy is the term that refers to the output seen on a display screen | True
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| The beam that contains useful or diagnostic information is known as the: | Remnant beam
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| Digital imaging systems have a large dynamic range, which means that they can respond to a wide range of: | Exposures
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| In analog imaging, the intensifying screen converts X-rays into: | Light photons
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| In an analog to digital converter, the analog input consists of: | Electrons
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| Which symbols compose the binary language ? | 0,1
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| How many shades of gray does an 8-bit image display? | 256
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| As the pixel size decreases, the recorded detail : | Increases
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| Scintillation refers to a material's ability to give off: | Light
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| The acronym PSP stands for photostimulable _______. | Phosphor
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| During processing, image data is released from a PSP receptor after the receptor is struck by _____. | A red laser beam
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| Direct image formation converts X-rays into _______. | Electrons
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| Individual components of a digital imaging are collected in areas of a thin-film transistor known as: | DELs
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| Random information within a diagnostic image that detracts from the overall image appearance is known as: | Noise
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| CCDs are suitable for low dose imaging because they: | Respond to low light levels
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| DQE is a measure of image ______. | Quality
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| Selecting a lower sampling frequency during image processing results in: | Larger pixel size and lower spatial resolution
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| For flat panel detectors, the spatial resolution is determined by the size of the: | DELs
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| The nyquist theorem states that for a given spatial resolution, you must sample the signal at ___ times the desired sampling frequency | 2
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| A digital receptor can produce an image that appears acceptable on a display monitor but that was produced between ____% under exposure and ____% overexposure | 50, 100
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| What is a visual cue that a digital image is underexposed? | Increase image noise
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| ______ ______ is determined by the percentage of energy that strikes a receptor material that is absorbed by the receptor | Absorption efficiency
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| Which of the following is not an advantage of digital imaging? A. Greater contrast range B. Long term storage is easier C. Better resolution D. Post processing capabilities | C.
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| In digital imaging, _____ is determined by pixel size. | Spatial resolution
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| Which of the following affects the number of shades of gray for a digital image? A. Matrix size B. Field of view C. Bit depth | C.
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