reflex/ sensory and spine/ TMJ tests
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| lightly stroke the test area. ask pt if they feel light sensation by saying yes or no,. if yes- is sensation normal, diminished or absent, monafilaments can be used for specific testing of the skin, what test is this? | light touch
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| 2 test tubes with stoppers. one test tube with warm water other one crushed ice. place tube on skin surface area, ask pt if they feel hot or cold. do not use on pts with sensitive skin conditions. | temperture
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| awareness of the joint, joint held in start position. joint moved to new reference and held in position for a few sec. pt repeats position with ipsilateral extremity. pt can use contralateral extremity for alternate position. pt given a test trial 1st. | proprioception/ kinesthesia
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| what is the awareness of the movement of the parts of the body at the joints? | kinesthesia
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| joint held at a start position. joint moved slowly to a new position, pt describes motion. pt given practice test 1st, then test. cation hand placement, avoid excessive tactile stimulation. speech impairment- use contralateral extremity. | kinesthesia test
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| what is the name of the test that tests for the recognition of weight? | barognosis
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| set up weights consisting of small objects of same size/ shape with different weights, pt asked to compare weight of object with previous one. alternative- compare in both hands. which is heavier or lighter. | barognosis
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| what is the name of the test to recognize objects? | stereognosis
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| pt is given objects to recognize. pt tells you what object is. pt with speech impairment- use pictures to identify objects. looking for a diminished sensation. | stereognosis
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| name the test to recognize letter, numbers or designs traced on skin. | graphesthesia
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| use a fingertip or pencil to draw in the palm of the hand. between each drawing a cloth is used to indicate new drawing. pt with speech impairment- use line drawings, | graphesthesia
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| by testing tendons, gives a insight on motor or sensory pathways of the nervous system. what kind of testing is this? | reflex
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| interruption in the sensory pathway that prevents or delays the transmission of the impulse to the spinal chord. this can cause a diminish or absent reflex. | hypo-reflexia
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| an example of an peripheral motor neuron is transected as a result of trauma. this is an abnormal LMN. what type of reflex is it? | hypo-reflexia
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| if the UMN is transected (traumatic spinal cord), the arc receiving the input from the nerve becomes disinhibited resulting in hyperactive reflexes. what reflex test is this? | hyper-reflexia
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| absent, no evidence of contraction, what is the grade of reflex? | 0
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| decreased, but still present (hypo-reflexic), what grade is this? | 1 plus
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| normal or physiologic, what grade is this? | 2 plus
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| increased; may be normal pathologic, what grade is this? | 3 plus
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| markedly hyperactive with transient clonus , what grade is this? | 4 plus
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| marked hperactive with sustained clonus ( repetitive shortening of the muscle after a single stimulation), what grade is this? | 5 plus
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| weighted heads, so when you swing it 10 cm from target, there will be adequate force on tendon, what size hammer? | large hammer
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| this hammer is swung loosely between the thumb and forefinger. what size hammer is this? | small hammer
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| musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6) reacts with what muscle? | biceps
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| radial nerve (C6) reacts with what muscle? | brachioradialis
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| radial nerve (C7-C8) reacts wih what muscle? | ticeps
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| femoral nerve (L3-L4) reacts with what bone? | patellar
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| sciatic nerve (S1-S2) reacts with what tendon? | achiles tendon
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| sciatic nerve (L5-S2) reacts with what muscle? | tibia
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| the area of the skin that mainly supplied by a single spinal nerve is called? | dermatones
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| how many cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral nerves are there? | cervical (8), thoracic (12), lumbar(5), sacral (5)
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| a block of embryonic mesoderm that segmentally develops into blocks of skeletal muscle, what is this? | myotomes
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| muscles in ---- are served mainly by one to two nerve roots. | myotomes
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| you can use quick isometric testing to clear or identify motor deficits in different nerve root levels and between different named nerves. what are we testing for? | myotomes
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| proximal , lateral shoulder and arm (dermatones ) is | C5
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| radial border of thumb (dermatones ) is | C6
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| anterior/ posterior middle finger (dermatones) is | C7
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| anterior/ posterior 4th and 5th digits (dermatones ) is | C8
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| medial elbow (dermatones ) is | T1
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| shoulder abduction, elbow flex (myotomes) is | C5
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| wrist extension (myotomes ) is | C6
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| elbow extention, wrist flexion (myotomes ) is | C7
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| long finger (myotomes ) is | C8
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| finger abduction, adduction (myotomes ) is | T1
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| biceps (C5-C6) (reflex) is | C5
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| brachioradialis (reflex) is | C6
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| triceps (C7-C8) (reflex) is | C7
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| triceps (C7-C8) (reflex) is | C8
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| reflex fr T1 is | none
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| C6 -motor , reflex, sensation | motor- biceps , wrist extensor
reflex- brachioradialis
sensation- radial side forearm and hand
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| C5- motor , reflex, sensation | motor- biceps, deloids
reflex- biceps
sensation - radial side of upper arm
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| C7- motor, reflex, sensation | motor- wrist flexors, finger extensors
reflex- triceps
sensation- middle finger
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| C8- motor, reflex, sensation | motor- intrinsics of hand
reflex- none
sensation - ulnar side of forearm and hand
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| T1- motor, reflex, sensation | motor- intrinsics of hand
reflex- none
sensation - ulnar side of elbow
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| anterio-medial mid thigh (dermatones ) is | L3
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| anterior knee; medial malleolus (dermatones ) is | L4
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| lateral upper leg; top of foot between toes 1 &2 (dermatones ) is | L5
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| lateral leg, malleolus , heel (dermatones ) is | S1
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| medial heel (dermatones ) is | S2
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| hip flexion (myotomes ) is | L3
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| ankle dorsiflexion (myotomes ) is | L4
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| 1st toe extension (myotomes ) is | L5
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| ankle plantar flexion , eversion (myotomes ) is | S1
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| ankle plantar flexion (myotomes ) is | S2
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| quad (L3-L4) (reflex) is | L3 and L4
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| achilles (S1-S2) (reflex) is | S1 and S2
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| reflex L5 is | hard to get to
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| screening exam for L3 is | squat / rise
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| screening exam for L4 is | squat/ rise
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| screening exam for L5 is | heel walking
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| screening exam for S1 and S2 is | toe walking
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| motor- hip flexion(L2-L3), knee extention (L2-L4)
reflex- patellar
sensation- anteromedial mid- thigh
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| L4- motor, reflex, sensation | motor- tibialis anterior, knee extension (L2-L4)
reflex- patellar
sensation - anterior knee, medial malleous
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| L5- motor, reflex, sensation | motor- gastrocnemius, fibularis longus and brevis
reflex- achilles
sensation- lateral malleolus and heel, lateral 5th toe
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| S2- motor, reflex, sensation | motor- gastronemius, soleus
reflex- Achilles
sensation - posteromedial calf and medial heel
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| heel walk is | L4-L5
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| toe walk is | S1-S2
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| supine position. take measuring tape and measure distal ASIS to distal ipsilateral medial malleolus. if positive , a difference in 1 cm discrepancy in femur , tibia or angle of femur neck. name the discrepancy test. verify with radiology. name the test | true leg length
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| supine position. take measuring tape and measure distal umbilical cord to distal medial malleolus . if positive, a difference in 1 cm , abnormal pelvic positioning or contractions around hip and knee joints. name the test? | apparent leg length
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| swelling in hands and feet is measured with | volumetrics
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| compression garments specify locations and techniques of _______ measurements | girth
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| circumferential measurements can be taken in 3 cm increments based on anatomical landmarks.; smaller intervals =representation . what measurement is this? | girth
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| figure 8 girth measurement is helpful in measuring swelling from an ______ injury. | ankle
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| a method used to measure changes in body dimensions and is also accurate. perform this test with a container of water. extremity is placed in water for measuring. what test is this? | volumetrics
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| wells clinical probablity is 10 items from history and exam. what are they? | active cancer, paralysis or immobilization of leg, recent bedridden , tenderness of deep venous system, entire leg swollen, calf swelling, pitting edema (leg), collateral superficial veins, documented DVT, alternate diagnosis as likely as DVT
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| slight pitting, no visible change.; disappears rapidly .what grade? | 1 plus
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| no marked change in shape of extremity; disappears in 10-15 sec. what grade? | 2 plus
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| noticeable deep pitting, swollen extremity; duration 1-2 min. what grade? | 3 plus
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| very swollen and distorted extremity; duration 2-5 min. what grade? | 4 plus
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| a test that calculates from weight and height to estimate body fat. it uses this formula (weight / height) squared x 703 | BMI
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| hydrostatic weighting (under water weighing) is the__________ for BMI. | gold standard
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| lordosis; greatest ROM | cervical spine
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| kyphosis; protection of spinal cord | thoracic spine
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| lordosis; equal balance between protection and ROM | lumbar spine
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| what posture is plumb line to align anterior to medial malleolus ? | lateral
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| what posture is plumb line to align through mid -sagittal plane between heels? | posterior
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| what posture is plumb line to align to pass through mid-sagittal plane of the body? | anterior
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| open kinetic chain | all the joints are free to move
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