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Bob Jones Chemistry - Chapter 1

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Term
Definition
Worldview   The perspective from which one sees and interprets all of life  
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Image of God   Bearing a likeness to God  
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Creation Mandate   God's first commandment to mankind: to exercise good and wise dominion over the earth by managing and using His world and its resources.  
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Dominion science   Scientific activity that seeks to obey the Creation Mandate for the glory of God and for the benefit of other humans.  
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Scientific model   A simplified representation of phenomena  
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Presupposition   An idea assumed true without proof, often used as a basis for understanding or proving other ideas.  
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Scientism   Extreme faith in human reason and science as the only reliable source of truth  
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Bias   A person's preference, whether intentional or unintentional, for certain conclusions over others  
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Naturalistic worldview   The assumption that only matter exists and there is nothing supernatural  
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Christian worldview   A perspective on viewing the world based on the teachings of the Christian Scriptures  
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Chemistry   The study of the composition and properties of matter and the energy transformations accompanying changes in the fundamental structure of matter  
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Matter   Anything that occupies space and has mass  
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Metallurgy   The process of extracting metals from their ores and adapting them for commercial use  
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Apothecary   An early pharmacist who prepared and sold a wide variety of chemicals and herbs  
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Alchemy   The ancient study of transmutations between base metals and gold, sickness and health, age and youth, or even early and supernatural existence  
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Science   The systematic study of nature based on observations and the collection of knowledge that results from that study  
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Applied science   Exploring natural products and processes for specific applications to benefit humans  
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Pure science   Studying nature simply to learn new things about the universe we live in  
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Scientific questions   Questions which direct and stimulate scientific inquiry  
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Observations   Using our senses of taste, touch, hearing, sight, and smell to learn about the natural world  
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Objective   Unaffected by the observer's personal biases and presuppositions  
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Quantitative data   Observations such as weight or mass that use numerical data  
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Qualitative data   Observations such as texture or color that use non-numerical data  
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Deductive reasoning   Arguments from general, accepted statements called premises to more specific conclusions  
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Inductive reasoning   Arguments that begin with known facts and proceed to general conclusions  
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Workability   The characteristic that makes information useful or valuable in applying to other situations; the most important characteristic of a scientific model  
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Experiment   A repeatable procedure that involves observing a natural process, sometimes under controlled conditions, for the purpose of analysis  
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Controlled experiment   An experiment where only one condition is varied at a time to isolate and measure its effect on the outcome  
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Empirical   Describes an explanation determined or data gathered by experimentation, for example, empiriical data  
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Hypothesis   A temporary, testable explanation of a phenomenon that stimulates and guides further scientific investigation  
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Natural experiment   An experiment in which the conditions cannot be controlled  
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Scientific survey   A process that involves randomly selecting representative samples from a larger population to learn about the characteristics of the population as a whole.  
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Theory   An overarching explanation of scientific observations. Theories are valuable for guiding future study and making predictions  
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Law   A description (often mathematical) of the behavior of matter and energy based on the results of many experiments, describes a recognizable, repeating pattern in nature  
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Scientific method   A logical method of problem-solving that starts with observations and is based on inductive reasoning  
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