Ch. 1 Sociology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| show | understanding human behavior by placing it within its broader social context
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| show | perople who share a culltue and heritage
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| Social Location | show 🗑
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| What do sociologists do? | show 🗑
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| show | C. Wright Mills (1959)
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| Who was C. Wright Mills? What did he believe? | show 🗑
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| Science | show 🗑
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| Sociology grew out of what? | show 🗑
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| What was the birth of sociology? | show 🗑
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| show | Use of the scientific method to study the social world
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| What did Auguste Comte (1798-1587) propose? | show 🗑
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| Who proposed the idea of positivism (using the scientific method to study the social world)? | show 🗑
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| show | social principles could be found and applied to social reform
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| show | drawing conclusions from informal observations of social life
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| show | classify human activites
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| show | Auguste Comte (1798-1857)
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| show | No, he thought that Comte was wrong--sociology should not guide social reform
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| show | societies evolve from lower (barbarian) to higher (civilized) forms.--survival of the fittest (social darwinism)
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| Did Auguste Comte ever conduct scientic studies? | show 🗑
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| show | no
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| show | the scientific study of society and human behavior
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| show | Karl Marx's term for the stuggle between captialists and workers(prolitarians)
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| show | capitalists
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| What did Karl Marx believe? | show 🗑
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| Is Marxism the same a communism? | show 🗑
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| Did Karl Marx (1818-1883) develop communisim? | show 🗑
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| What were two primary goals of Emile Durkheim (1858-1917)? | show 🗑
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| show | french sociologist (1858-1917)
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| show | conducted a systematic study comparing suicide rates among several countries
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| What did Emilie Durkheim (1858-1917) discover through his study? | show 🗑
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| show | degree to which people feel a part of social groups
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| Who did Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) identify as more likely to kill themselves? | show 🗑
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| Who was Max Weber (VAY-ber) (1864-1920)? | show 🗑
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| What did Max Weber (1864-1920) believe? | show 🗑
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| show | no, he thought the central force was religion
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| What religion made people believe that their financial success was the sign they were saved? | show 🗑
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| show | -hard work-clean and moral life -self-sacrifice -Delayed gratification -Saving
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| show | "Religion is the opiate (drug) of the masses"
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| show | Rich English female, inspired by comte's work she wrote "Society in America"
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| show | ignored her, and believe it to be a translation of Comte's ideas into English
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| show | during late 1800s, at universities of Kansas, Chicago, and Atlanta.
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| show | University of Chicago
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| Who was Jane Addams (1860-1935)? | show 🗑
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| What did Jane Addams (1860-1935) cofound? | show 🗑
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| What did Jane Addams (1860-1935) strive to do? | show 🗑
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| show | Jane Addams (1860-1935)
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| What/when did Jane Addams (1860-1935) get an award? | show 🗑
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| Who was the first African American to earn a doctorate at Harvard? | show 🗑
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| show | Sociologist that combined sociology and social reform
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| What was W.E.B. Du Bois primarily interested in? | show 🗑
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| What did W.E.B. Du Bois found with the help of Jane Addams? | show 🗑
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| What kind of change happened during the 1940s? | show 🗑
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| show | develped abstract models of society that greatly influenced a generation of sociologists
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| show | no
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| show | he deplored them
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| What did C. Wright Mills (1916-1962) think of the power elite? | show 🗑
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| What created tension in sociology? | show 🗑
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| show | use of sociology to solve problems-from micro level of family relationships to the macro level of crime and pollution
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| show | no, it is not an attempt to rebuild society, but rather an application of sociology
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| show | it would rebuild or change society--making it better
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| Theory | show 🗑
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| What are the three major theories that sociologists use? | show 🗑
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| Symbolic Interactionism | show 🗑
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| show | Scottish moral philosophers
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| Who brought the perspective that individuals evaluate their own conduct by comparing themselves with others? | show 🗑
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| show | study how people use symbols to develop their views of the world and to communicate with one another
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| What do symbols define? | show 🗑
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| show | could not coordinate our actions with those of other people
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| show | analyze how our behaviors depend on the ways we define ourselves and others.
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| show | we constantly change our views based on how we interpret the reactions of others
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| show | structure of relationship weakens
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| show | theoretical framework in which society is viewed as composed of various parts, each with a function that, when fulfilled, contributes to society's equilibrium--known as functionalism and structural functionalism
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| Which early sociologist viewed society as a 'living organism'? | show 🗑
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| show | both structure (how the parts of a society fit together to make the whole) and function (what each part does, how it contributes to society)
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| What did Robert Merton (1910-2003) think about functionalism? | show 🗑
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| What two things can functions be? | show 🗑
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| show | acton intended to help some part of a system
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| show | benefits to business were not the intended consequence
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| What are latent dysfunctions? | show 🗑
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| What do functionalist stress? | show 🗑
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| show | society is composed of groups that engage in fierce competition for scarce resouces
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| show | theoretical framework in which society is viewed as composed of groups competing for scarce resources
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| show | Karl Marx
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| show | Karl Marx
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| show | Sociologist Lewis Coser (1913-2003)
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| Feminists do what? | show 🗑
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| show | they ocus on how men's and women's relationships have changed (then vs. today)
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| show | examination of large-scale patterns of society
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| Micro-level Analysis | show 🗑
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| show | what people do when they are in one another's presence
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| Nonverbal Interaction | show 🗑
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| show | Functionalists and conflict theorists--examine large patterns of society
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| show | symbolic interactionists
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| show | what people do when they are in one another's presence
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| show | communication without words through gesture, use of space, silence, and so on
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| show | face-to face interaction; how people use symbols to create social life
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| What is the focus of analysis in the functional analysis (functionalism) perspective? | show 🗑
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| What is the focus of analysis in the conflict theory perspective? | show 🗑
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| show | all three theories (functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism) should be used since they each study different areas of social life
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| show | if theory is not connected to research, it will be abstract and empty
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| show | research would be of little value; simply a collection of meaningless facts
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| show | yes
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| show | no, it takes research to find out
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| What are the eight steps in scientific research? | show 🗑
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| Hypothesis | show 🗑
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| show | factor that is thought to be significant for human behavior, which varies from one case to another
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| T/F--More U.S. Students are shot to death at school now than ten years ago. | show 🗑
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| show | F
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| T/F--When faced with natural disasters such as floods and earthquakes, people panic, and social organization disintegrates. | show 🗑
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| T/F---Most rapists are mentally ill | show 🗑
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| T/F--Most people on welfare are lazy and looking for a handout. They could work if they wanted to. | show 🗑
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| T/F--Compared with women, men maintain more eye contact in face-to-face conversations | show 🗑
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| show | F
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| show | F
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| T/F--Most husbands of working wives who get laid off from work take up the slack and increase the amount of housework they do. | show 🗑
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| T/F--Students in Japan are under such intense pressure to o well in school that their suicide rate is about double that of U.S. students. | show 🗑
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| show | the way which a researcher measures a variable
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| show | one of six procedures that sociologists use to collect data: surverys, participant observation, secondary analysis, documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures.
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| Validity | show 🗑
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| Reliability | show 🗑
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| show | surverys, participant observation, secondary analysis, documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures.
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| What are the six elements in a table? | show 🗑
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| In a table, what is the function of a titile? | show 🗑
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| In a table, what is the headnote? | show 🗑
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| show | tell what kind of information is contained in the table
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| show | present information arranged vertically
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| show | present information arranged horizontally
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| In a table, what is the function of a source? | show 🗑
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| show | collection of data by having people answer a series of questions
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| show | the target group to be studied; in a broader sense, the number of people in some area
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| show | the individuals who are intended to represent the population to be studied
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| show | a sample in which everyone in the target population has the same chance of being included in the study
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| Stratified Random Sample | show 🗑
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| show | people who respond to a survery, either in interviews or by self-administered questionaires
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| Closed-ended questions | show 🗑
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| Open-ended questions | show 🗑
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| show | 1) Choose a biased sample 2)Ask biased questions 3)List biased choices 4)Discard undesirable results 5)Misunderstand the subjects' world 6)Analyze the data incorrectly
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| show | feeling of trust between researchers and subjects
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| Participant Observation (or fieldwork) | show 🗑
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| show | the analysis of data that have been collected by other researchers
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| Documents | show 🗑
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| Experiment | show 🗑
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| show | the subjects who are exposed to the independent variables
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| Control group | show 🗑
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| show | a factor that causes a change in another variable, called the dependent variable
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| Dependent variable | show 🗑
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| show | ways of observing people who do not know that they are being studied
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| What is the relationship between gender and research? | show 🗑
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| How important are ethics in sociological research? | show 🗑
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| Value Free | show 🗑
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| show | the standards by which people define what is desirable or undesirable, good or bad, beautiful, or ugly
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| Replication | show 🗑
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| show | sociological research whose purpose is to make discoveries about life in human groups, not to make changes in those groups
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| show | Max Weber (Vay-ber)
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| show | replication
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