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| Antiseptics | show 🗑
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| The antiseptic most commonly used for routine blood collection is | show 🗑
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| show | Human skin
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| show | Hold pressure over the site following blood collection procedures
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| Use of cotton balls to hold pressure is not recommended because | show 🗑
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| show | Sharps containers
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| All sharps containers, when full, must be properly disposed of as | show 🗑
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| Tourniquet | show 🗑
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| A properly applied tourniquet is | show 🗑
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| show | Bevel because it is cut on a slant
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| show | Removal of a portion of the skin or vein
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| show | Shaft
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| The internal space of the needle is called the | show 🗑
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| The hub of a needle is | show 🗑
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| show | A number that relates to the diameter of the lumen
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| The larger the gauge number, | show 🗑
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| show | 21 gauge
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| Blood typically flows more quickly through | show 🗑
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| The needle gauge is selected according to | show 🗑
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| 15-17 gauge needle is a special needle attached to a collection bag. It is used for: | show 🗑
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| 20 gauge needle is used when | show 🗑
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| show | The standard venipuncture needle for routine venipuncture on pts wit normal veins or syringe blood culture collection
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| 22 gauge needle is used on | show 🗑
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| 23 gauge needle is used on | show 🗑
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| Manufacturers typically color-code needles by _ for easy identification. | show 🗑
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| show | "Wings"
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| show | Manufacturers
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| Bitterly needles are typically how many inches long? | show 🗑
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| Most multisample (20, 21, 22, 23 gauge) needles come in what lengths? | show 🗑
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| What is the evacuated tube system (ETS)? | show 🗑
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| show | They allow multiple tubes of blood to be collected during a single venipuncture
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| show | A clear, plastic, disposable cylinder with a small threaded opening at one end (often called the hub) where the needle is screwed into it, and a large opening at the other end where the collection tube is placed
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| show | Tube placement and removal
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| show | Blood is collected in a syringe and must be immediately transferred into the tubes
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| show | Type of tubes used in blood collection that have a premeasured vacuum and are color-coded to denote the additive inside
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| Vaccuum | show 🗑
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| show | Vacuum
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| show | The precise volume of blood indicated
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| To reach its stated volume, a tube must be allowed to fill with blood until | show 🗑
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| Tubes do not fill with blood all the way to the stopper. When filled properly, there is always a consistent amount of headspace between | show 🗑
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| show | Improper storage, opening the tube, dropping the tube, advancing the tube too far onto the needle before venipuncture, or pulling the needle bevel partially out of the skin during venipuncture
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| An undefilled tube is called a | show 🗑
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| What causes a short draw? | show 🗑
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| show | Partially fill without compromising test results
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| Short draw tubs are used in situations in which it is difficult or inadvisable to draw | show 🗑
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| Additive | show 🗑
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| Blood collected in additive tubes may or may not clot, depending on | show 🗑
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| If the additive prevents clotting, the result is a | show 🗑
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| If the additive is a clot activator, the blood will clot and the specimen must be _ to obtain the serum (fluid portion). | show 🗑
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| show | Centrifuged
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| show | The capacity or volume indicated
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| Specimen quality can be compromised if the tube is | show 🗑
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| An undefilled tube that contains an additive will have an incorrect | show 🗑
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| show | Clearing or discard purposes only
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| Blood collected in a tube will _ when there is nothing (such as an additive) in the tube to prevent it. | show 🗑
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| Tube stoppers (tops or closures) are typically made of | show 🗑
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| show | Color
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| show | Additive
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| show | Special property
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| show | A trace-element-free-tube
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| show | Manufacturer
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| Manufacturers guarantee reliability of additives and tube vacuum until | show 🗑
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| ETS tubes must be stored between | show 🗑
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| show | Expiration date; dropped
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| show | Additive is sodium citrate; coagulation
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| show | No additive; chemistry, blood bank, serology/immunology
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| A syringe system is sometimes used for pts with | show 🗑
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| The most common syringe volumes used for phlebotomy are | show 🗑
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| Syringes have what two parts? | show 🗑
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| When drawing venous blood by syringe, the phlebotomist | show 🗑
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| show | ETS tubes
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| A syringe transfer device | show 🗑
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| After completing the draw and exiting the vein, what are the next steps? | show 🗑
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| A winged infusion blood collection set is aka | show 🗑
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| The butterfly needle collects blood from | show 🗑
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| The first tube collected with a butterfly will underfill due to | show 🗑
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| show | Draw a few milliliters of blood into a nonadditive tube and discard it prior to collecting the first tube
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| Collecting a "clear" or discard tube is especially critical when collecting | show 🗑
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| show | From above by gripping the "wings" together between the thumb and index finger, allowing the user to achieve the shallow angle of needle insertion required to access small veins
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| What gauge for a butterfly needle is most commonly used? | show 🗑
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| In rare situations a _ gauge is used to collect blood from scalp or other tiny veins of _ _ and other _. | show 🗑
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| show | Hemolyzing the specimen.
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| show | Different additives may interfere with each other or the testing process. Even if the additives are the same, mixing them together creates an excess of additive and possible interference in testing
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| show | Liquid, spray dried, and powder
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| A tube with a powdered additive should be | show 🗑
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| An additive must be gently inverted | show 🗑
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| Caution: NEVER shake or otherwise vigorously mix a specimen; it can cause | show 🗑
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| show | Substances that prevent blood from clotting (coagulating)
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| There are 2 anticoagulation methods. Describe each. | show 🗑
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| show | An anticoagulant
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| Anticoagulant specimens must be mixed immediately after collection to prevent | show 🗑
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| show | Separate through settling or centrifugation and can be resuspended by intentional mixing of the specimen
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| show | EDTA, citrates, heparin, and oxalates
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| Describe EDTA | show 🗑
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| How many inversions are required for EDTA (lavender or pink) tubes? | show 🗑
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| show | Then it cannot be used for testing and must be recollected
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| show | They prevent coagulation by binding or chelating calcium. Sodium citrate in light-blue-top tubes is used for coagulation tests because it does the best job of preserving the coagulation factors.
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| show | Fill them to the stated capacity. Undefilled tubes cause artificially prolonged clotting times and will not be accepted for testing by most labs.
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| show | 3 to 4. However, vigorous mixing or an excessive number of inversions can activate platelets and shorten clotting times.
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| Coagulation tests are performed on | show 🗑
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| show | Centrifuged; calcium; clotting process
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| Describe heparin | show 🗑
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| Thrombin | show 🗑
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| Heparinized plasma is often used for | show 🗑
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| How many inversions are required on heparin (green top) tubes? | show 🗑
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| show | Green stoppers and in royal blue top tubes with green on the label
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| What are the three heparin heparin formulations? | show 🗑
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| show | Lithium heparin
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| Heparinized plasma is preferred over serum for potassium tests because | show 🗑
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| It is essential to choose the right heparin formulation for the type of _. | show 🗑
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| Lithium heparin must not be used to collect | show 🗑
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| Sodium heparin must not be used to collect | show 🗑
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