Electricity Def'ns
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Electric Charge | Indicates if a body has an excess or deficiency of electrons
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| Conductor | Any substance through which electric charge can flow
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| Insulator | Any substance through which electric charge can not flow
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| Point Discharge | Where ions in the air are either strongly attracted or repelled from the tip of a charged conductor and move towards or away from it
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| Electric Field | The region of space in which electric charges at rest experience a force (called an electrostatic force)
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| Electric Field Line | Line along which a positive charge would move if place in an electric field
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| Electric Field Strength | Force per unit positive charge at a point in an electric field
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| Potential Difference | Work done in moving a charge of one coulomb from one point to another; also known as voltage
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| Electromotive Force | A voltage that is applied to a circuit
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| Capacitor | Electrical device capable of storing electric charge
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| Capacitance | The ratio of the charge on a capacitor to the potential difference applied across it
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| Electric Current | Flow of electric charge
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| Resistance | The ratio of voltage across a body to the current through it
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| Resistor | Device that converts electrical potential energy to some other form
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| Resistivity | A constant associated with the resistance of a body; equal to the product of the resistance of a body and its cross-sectional area divided by its length
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| Semiconductor | Substance whose resistivity is between that of a good conductor and good insulator
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| Doping | The addition of a small amount of another element to a pure semiconductor to increase its conductivity
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| Intrinsic conduction | Movement of charge through a pure semiconductor
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| Extrinsic conduction | Movement of charge through a doped semiconductor
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| Electron Hole | The lack of an electron at a position where one could exist in an atom
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| N-type | Semiconductor where doping produces more free electrons available for conduction
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| P-type | Semiconductor where doping produces more holes available for conduction
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| p-n Junction Diode | Semiconductor device that allows current to flow in one direction only
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| Light Dependent Resistor | Semiconductor device whose resistance varies from a high value in the dark to a lower value in bright light
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| Thermistor | Semiconductor device whose resistance decreases rapidly with increasing temperature
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| Magnetism | When certain materials exert attractive or repulsive forces on other metals
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| Magnetic Field | Region of space where magnetic forces can be felt
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| Magnetic Field Line | Indicates the direction a magnetic north would travel in a magnetic field if free to do so
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| Magnetic Flux Density | Measure of the strength of a magnetic field
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| Ampere | Constant current which, if maintained in two straight parallel conductors of infinite length, of negligible cross section and placed one meter apart in a vacuum, would produce a force on each conductor of 2x10^-7 newtons per metre length
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| Magnetic Flux | Total amount of magnetic field in a given region; it is the product of magnetic flux density and area
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| Electromagnetic Induction | Where an emf is induced by a change in the magnetic flux linking a circuit
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| Alternating Current | Electric current whose direction reverses periodically
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| Direct Current | Electric current that flows continuously in the same direction
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| Mutual Induction | Where a changing magnetic field in one coil induces an emf in another coil
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| Transformer | Electrical device used to change the voltage of a.c. power supplies
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| Self-induction | Where a changing magnetic field in a coil induces an emf in the coil itself
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| Inductor | An electrical device used to induce a back emf
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