ekg words
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| aberration | flow of electrical current through abnormal pathways. will cause widening or prolonging of the electrocardiographic configuration
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| antegrade | normal (downward) directional flow of electrical impulse conduction through the heart
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| arrhythmia | any abnormality within the hearts electrical conduction system causing deviations from normal rate, rhythm, or time intervals, also called dysrhythmia
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| artifact | erratic activity recorded on the electrocardiogram caused by electrical interference, lose leads, or patient movement sharp upward or downward inflection just prior to the QRS complex produced by artificial cardiac pacemaker
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| asystole | absence of all electrical activity occurring within the heart literally without systole or contraction. a straight line is recorded on the electrocardiogram and indicates death of the heart
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| atria | the 2 upper contractile chambers of the heart
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| atrial fibrillation | erratic uncoordinated activity of the atrial muscle fibers with no effective contractions; p waves are unidentifiable.
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| atrial flutter | rapid depolarization of the atria usually around 300 bpm thought to be the result of two or three ectopic foci discharging independently
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| atrial tachycardia | rapid heart rate in excess of 150 beats/minute resulting from ectopic foci within the atria producing rapid ventricular response
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| atrioventricular block | varying degrees of conduction delay or obstruction within the AV node First degree block
second degree block
third degree block
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| atrioventricular dissociation | distinguished for 3* AV block because there is not an actual complete blockage of impulses through the AV node, antegrade and retrograde conduction may occur.
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| atrioventricular Junction | specialized group of conductive tissues located at the base of the atrial septum just above the ventricular septum
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| automaticity | a common characteristic of all cardiac muscle that gives each muscle fiber the capability to act as an origin of impulse
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| bigeminy | a recurring pattern of cardiac contraction in which there is an abnormal complex following each normal complex
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| biphasic | referring to the positive and negative deflection of components of the P-QRS-T complex. its when the p or t wave is recorded both above and below the isoelectric line
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| block | the prevention or delay of any impulse transmission through the normal pathways of the cardiac electrical conduction system
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| bradycardia | slowing of the heart rate below the defined inherent rates of contraction
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| bundle branches | the right and left divisions of conductive fibers located within the ventricular septum. they supply respectively the right and left ventricles with electrical impulses
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| bundle of his | also referred to as common bundle, which extends downward from the AV node and then divides into the right and left bundle branch
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| cadence | the established pattern of rhythm set by cardiac impulse formation
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| cardiac arrest | sudden death from the cessation of effective contractile activity within the heart
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| chronotropic | referring to changes in the rate of impulse formation within the myocardial tissue. positive increase n impulse formation, negative decrease n impulse formation
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| compensatory pause | the delay in ventricular contraction caused by a premature beat from an ectopic focus
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| conduction ratio | the number of atrial contractions that occur in relation to the contraction of the ventricles
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| conductivity | a common characteristic of cardiac muscle that allows all cardiac fibers to transmit impulses causing depolarization and contraction
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| contractility | a common characteristic of cardiac muscle enabling all cardiac fibers to respond to transmitted impulses, resulting in shortening of fibers and producing contraction
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| coronary arteries | arterial blood supply to the myocardium. 2 branches off the base of the ascending aorta
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| coupling | the pairing of complexes. these may be normal and abnormal contractions or the occurrence of abnormal contractions in pairs
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| defibrillation | the termination of fibrillatory activity normal with in the myocardium by using electrical shock to depolarize the entire myocardium at once to allow normal conduction to resume upon repolarization
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| deflection | on the electrocardiogram a positive (upward), negative (downward) or neutral isoelectric line.
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| delta wave | aberration appearing within the initial r wave associated with the pre-excitation syndrome
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| depolarization | process by which cardiac muscle is caused to contract
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| ectopic impulse | any impulse that originates somewhere other than the sinus node
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| electrocardiogram | a recording of the hearts electrical activity by a machine capable of sensing the positive and negative flow of current between electrodes attached to the surface the body
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| electrode | conductive device capable of transmitting electric current from a nonmetallic object to a recording machine
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| escape beat | an ectopic contraction that results fro the depression of the normal impulse origin
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| excitability | the common characteristic of cardiac muscle which enables it to respond to stimulation
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| electromechanical dissociation | the occurrence of a pulseless complex on the oscilloscope during the process of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. there is electrical activity within the myocardium without any effective mechanical force to produce a pulse.
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