Chemistry-Ch6-SpeakingOfMolecules
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| molecular formula | the chemical formula of a molecular substance, showing the identity of the atoms in each molecule and the ratios of those atoms to one another
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| structural formula | a 2-D drawing or diagram that shows how the atoms in a molecule are connected. Each line represents a covalent bond.
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| isomer | compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas. Isomers differ in molecular structure and in chemical and physical properties
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| HONC 1234 rule | a rule that states that in most molecules, hydrogen makes1 bond, oxygen makes 2 bonds, nitrogen makes 3 bonds, and carbon makes 4 bonds
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| Lewis dot structure | a diagram that shows a molecule's structure by using dots to represent the valence electrons
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| Lewis dot symbol | a diagram that uses dots to represent the valence electrons of a single atom
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| bonded pair | a pair of electrons that are shared in a covalent bond between two atoms
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| lone pair | a pair of unshared valence electrons that are not involved in bonding in a molecule
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| octet rule | nonmetal atoms combine by sharing electrons so that each atom has a total of eight valence electrons. After bonding, each atom resembles a nobel gas in its electron arrangements
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| double bond | a covalent bond where four electrons are shared between two atoms
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| triple bond | a covalent bond in which three electron pairs are shared between two atoms.
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| functional group | a structural feature of a molecule; consists of a specific arrangement of atoms, responsible for certain properties of the compound
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| chemical reaction | a transformation that alters the composition of one or more substances such that one or more new substances with new properties are produced.
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| synthesis reaction | the creation of one product from multiple reactants
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| chemical equation | a representation of a chemical reaction wirtten with chemical symbols and formulas
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| reactant | the starting material in a chemical reaction that is transformed into products during the reaction
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| product | a substance produced as the result of a chemical reaction
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| catalyst | a substance that accelerates a chemical reaction but is itself not permenantly consumed or altered by the reaction
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