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Gullett-Chem-Ch6
Chemistry-Ch6-SpeakingOfMolecules
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| molecular formula | the chemical formula of a molecular substance, showing the identity of the atoms in each molecule and the ratios of those atoms to one another |
| structural formula | a 2-D drawing or diagram that shows how the atoms in a molecule are connected. Each line represents a covalent bond. |
| isomer | compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas. Isomers differ in molecular structure and in chemical and physical properties |
| HONC 1234 rule | a rule that states that in most molecules, hydrogen makes1 bond, oxygen makes 2 bonds, nitrogen makes 3 bonds, and carbon makes 4 bonds |
| Lewis dot structure | a diagram that shows a molecule's structure by using dots to represent the valence electrons |
| Lewis dot symbol | a diagram that uses dots to represent the valence electrons of a single atom |
| bonded pair | a pair of electrons that are shared in a covalent bond between two atoms |
| lone pair | a pair of unshared valence electrons that are not involved in bonding in a molecule |
| octet rule | nonmetal atoms combine by sharing electrons so that each atom has a total of eight valence electrons. After bonding, each atom resembles a nobel gas in its electron arrangements |
| double bond | a covalent bond where four electrons are shared between two atoms |
| triple bond | a covalent bond in which three electron pairs are shared between two atoms. |
| functional group | a structural feature of a molecule; consists of a specific arrangement of atoms, responsible for certain properties of the compound |
| chemical reaction | a transformation that alters the composition of one or more substances such that one or more new substances with new properties are produced. |
| synthesis reaction | the creation of one product from multiple reactants |
| chemical equation | a representation of a chemical reaction wirtten with chemical symbols and formulas |
| reactant | the starting material in a chemical reaction that is transformed into products during the reaction |
| product | a substance produced as the result of a chemical reaction |
| catalyst | a substance that accelerates a chemical reaction but is itself not permenantly consumed or altered by the reaction |
Created by:
lpgullett
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