Biology
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| The branch of Biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment is called | show 🗑
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| Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct | show 🗑
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| The simplest grouping of more than one kind of organism in the biosphere is | show 🗑
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| The lowest level of environmental complexity that includes living and nonliving factors is the | show 🗑
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| Which ecological inquiry method is an ecologist using when he or she enters an area periodically to count the population numbers of certain species | show 🗑
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| A mathematical formula designed to predict population fluctuations in a community could be called a(n) | show 🗑
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| show | primary producers
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| How do most primary producers make their own food | show 🗑
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| Which of the following organisms does NOT require sunlight to live | show 🗑
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| show | are nutrient-poor environments
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| show | they both produce carbohydrates and oxygen
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| Corn planted in a field that has been previously planted with legumes and then plowed under is likely to be | show 🗑
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| show | web
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| The total amount of living tissue within given trophic level is called the | show 🗑
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| show | food web
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| Which animals eat both producers and consumers | show 🗑
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| What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a food web | show 🗑
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| show | carnivore, consumer
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| What are the three kinds of ecological pyramids | show 🗑
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| show | eliminated as heat
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| A word that means the same thing as consumer is | show 🗑
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| Matter can recycle through the biosphere because | show 🗑
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| The repeated movement of water between Earth's surface and the atmosphere is called | show 🗑
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| show | decomposition of plants and animals
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| show | transiration
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| show | bacteria
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| show | all of the above
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| Organisms need nutrients in order to | show 🗑
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| The movements of energy and nutrients through living systems are different because | show 🗑
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| Biogeochemical cycling ensures that | show 🗑
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| What can happen after a lake receives large input of a limiting nutrient | show 🗑
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| show | energy needed to make organic material is lost as heat
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| show | scavengers
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| Phosphorus is very important for living things because organisms need phosphorus to | show 🗑
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| Each of the following is an abiotic factor in the environment EXCEPT | show 🗑
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| show | number and kinds of predators in the ecosystem
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| During a long period when there is no rainfall, a mountain lion may temporarily leave its usual hunting territory to drink from a farm pond. this behavior is due to | show 🗑
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| show | tree roots split apart rocks in the ground
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| show | producers
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| show | habitat
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| show | geographic range
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| show | the areas inhabited by a population
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| show | the number of births per year
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| Which of the following is NOT one of the factors that play a role in population growth rate | show 🗑
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| show | immigration
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| Which of the following describes a population as its size decreases | show 🗑
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| If immigration and emigration numbers remain equal, which is the most important contributing factor to a slowed growth rate | show 🗑
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| Which are two ways a population can decrease in size | show 🗑
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| show | increase exponentially
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| During some kinds of population growth, the size of each generation of offspring is larger than the generation before it. So, as the population gets larger, it grows more quickly. This situation is called | show 🗑
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| show | reduced resources
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| show | a logical growth curve
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| show | declines rapidly
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| In a logistic growth curve, exponential growth is the phases in which the population | show 🗑
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| show | population growth begins to slow down
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| show | A population is increasing, moving toward its carrying capacity during both phases
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| Something that controls the growth or size of a population is a | show 🗑
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| Sea otters live in the ocean. Which of the following is NOT likely to be a limiting factor on the sea otter population | show 🗑
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| Which will reduce competition within a species population | show 🗑
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| show | death rate may rise
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| show | a limiting factor
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| show | temperature
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| Which would be least likely to be affected by a density-dependent limiting factor | show 🗑
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| show | food availability for the moose and disease for the wolf
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| Which of the following is a density-independent limiting factor | show 🗑
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| show | can be mostly killed off
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| show | usually do NOT have any effect on populations
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| show | human popluations
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| show | growing more rapidly
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| Countries in the first stage of demographic transition have | show 🗑
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| The human population experienced exponential growth after | show 🗑
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| The anticipated human population by the year 2050 is about | show 🗑
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| In Rwanda, there are more young children than teenagers and more teenagers than adults. This age structure indicates a population that | show 🗑
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| show | demographically
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| show | most countries have not yet completed the demographic transition
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| show | grow slowly by steadily
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| Which of the following has the disadvantage of possibly bringing two recessive alleles together and causing a genetic defect | show 🗑
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| show | Teosinte plants were hybridized with corn plants and the resulting hybrids with the desired traits were inbred
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| show | hybridization
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| Which of the following could include all the others | show 🗑
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| Certain drugs can be used in plant breeding to make polyploid plants. These drugs | show 🗑
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| Suppose a bacterial culture was transformed with recombinant plasmids containing a gene for resistance to penicillin. The bacterial culture was then treated with penicillin. Which of the following statements will happen to the transformed bacteria | show 🗑
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| during transformation | show 🗑
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| show | lysozyme
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| show | a resistance gene
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| show | DNA ligase
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| show | genetic engineering
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| A DNA molecule produced by combining DNA from different sources is known as | show 🗑
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| If a restriction enzyme leaves a sticky end with the sequence TTAA, what will the sequence of the complementary sticky end be | show 🗑
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| show | breeding a donkey and a horse to make a mule
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| Why are plasmids so widely used in recombinant DNA studies | show 🗑
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| show | yeasts are prokaryotes
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| A plant cell is successfully transformed if | show 🗑
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| Which of the following is a pair of transgenic organisms | show 🗑
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| show | the source of Dolly's DNA is a single cell takenfrom an adult individual
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| What kind of technique do scientists use to make transgenic organisms | show 🗑
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| What is an advantage of using transgenic bacteria to produce human proteins | show 🗑
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| show | cut out the insulin gene from human DNA
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| Which of the following is made with recombinant DNA technology and helps farmers use less insecticide | show 🗑
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| show | pesticide
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| show | produce more food for the same acreage
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| What has been an advantage of producing transgenic plants | show 🗑
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| show | farmers can decrease their use of herbicides
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| show | remove mutations from genes
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| show | replacement gene is successfully spliced to viral DNA
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| What process can prospective parents use to determine if they are carrying recessive alleles for disease | show 🗑
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| The use of DNA fingerprinting relies on the fact that | show 🗑
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| show | the DNA in both fingerprints almost cdertainly came from the same person
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| show | Mitochondrial DNA is used to look for links from a son to his mother and the Y chromosome is used to look for links to the father
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| show | it protects Americans against being treated differently by employers or insurance companies based on their genetic information
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| Which of the following is true of patents in biotechnology | show 🗑
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| show | more productive
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| Which of the following findings, if true, would support CRITICS of GM crops | show 🗑
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| Which of the following findings, if true, would support an argument IN FAVOR of GM foods | show 🗑
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| show | the patents for the seeds of GM crops are held by big companies, which may raise prices and force small farmers out of business
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| show | surviving in the environments which they lived
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| The species of finches that Charles Darwin found on different Galapagos Islands varied in certain structural adaptations. One of the most significant adaptations that Darwin noted was the | show 🗑
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| show | if species living on different islands had once been members of the same species
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| show | inheritance of acquired charactersistics
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| show | species similar to mainland South American species
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| Which of the following ideas is supported by Darwin's observations of local variation among tortoises in the Galapagos Islands | show 🗑
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| Darwin first began to formulate his concept of evolution by natural selection after | show 🗑
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| People of Charles Darwin's time understood that fossils were | show 🗑
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| In the 1800's, Charles Lyell emphasized that | show 🗑
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| show | James Hutton
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| James Hutton's and Charles Lyell's work was important to Darwin because these scientists | show 🗑
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| show | Gradual change operating over long periods of time can result in dramatic changes
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| show | have an innate tendency toward complexity and perfection
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| show | body structures can change according to the actions of the organism
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| Lamarck's ideas about evolution include the concept that differences among the traits of organisms arise as a result of | show 🗑
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| show | inheritance of acquired characteristics
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| show | without certain checks on population size, there would soon be insufficient food for the growing human population
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| The idea that events like war, starvation and disease could prevent the endless growth of human populations was presented by | show 🗑
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| Darwin realized that the economist Malthus's theory of population control | show 🗑
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| When a dairy farmer chooses to breed the cows that give the most milk in the herd, the farmers are following the principal of | show 🗑
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| When farmers select animals or plants to use for breeding, they look for | show 🗑
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| When a farmer breeds only his or her best livestock, the process involved is | show 🗑
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| show | possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness
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| show | population size is very large
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| show | they are the ones that are best adapted to survive in their environment
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| According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have | show 🗑
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| show | changes in the inherited characteristics of a population over time
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| show | birds and reptiles share a number of inherited characteristics
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| show | Charles Darwin
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| show | knowledge about the structure of DNA
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| Biogeography is the study of | show 🗑
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| show | common descent
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| Modern sea star larvae resemble some primitive vertebrate larvae. This similarity may suggest that primitive vertebrates | show 🗑
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| Molecular evidence in support of natural selection includes | show 🗑
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| show | homologous structures
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| According to the Grants' investigation of Galapagos finches, what happened to the beaks of finches | show 🗑
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| Which characteristic of Galapagos finches helped the Grants show the results of natural selection | show 🗑
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| show | natural selection
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| show | gene pool
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| Natural selection acts directly on | show 🗑
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| Sexual reproduction among members of population results in | show 🗑
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| A change in the genetic material of a cell is called a | show 🗑
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| show | sexual reproduction, lateral gene transfer and mutations
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| show | gene recombination during sexual reporduction
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| Genetic recombination includes the independent movement of chromosomes during meiosis as well as | show 🗑
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| show | does not change the gene pool's allele frequencies
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| show | two phenotypes
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| show | sickle cell anemia in humans
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| show | the number of genes that control the trait
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| show | a bell-shaped curve
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| Compared to a polygenic trait, a single-gene trait tends to have | show 🗑
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| A polygenic trait can have | show 🗑
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| show | whether the mutation makes some lizards more fit for their environment than other lizards
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| show | chance
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| show | genetic drift
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| Genetic drift tends to occur in population that | show 🗑
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| The type of genetic drift that follows the colonization of a new habitat by a small group individuals is called | show 🗑
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| One similarity between natural selection and genetic drift is that both events | show 🗑
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| One of the conditions required to maintain genetic equilibrium is | show 🗑
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| The genetic equilibrium of a population can be disturbed by each of the following EXCEPT | show 🗑
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| The allele frequencies of a population are more likely to be disturbed if | show 🗑
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| show | no natural selection takes place
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| Which factor would most likely disrupt genetic equilibrium in a large population | show 🗑
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| The separation of populations by barriers such as rivers, mountains, or bodies of water is called | show 🗑
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| A factor that is necessary for the formation of a new species is | show 🗑
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| Which of the following statements defines the members of a species | show 🗑
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| show | temporal isolation
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| show | prevents interbreeding between the populations
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| show | the two species do not interbreed because of temporal isolation
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| show | founders arrived
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| show | speciation
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| What did the Grants learn about mate choice from Galapagos finches | show 🗑
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| In Grants' study of the Galapagos finches, what process was encouraged by ecological competition during the dry season | show 🗑
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| show | evolved for a long time separately from Species Z
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| show | crossing-over during mmeiosis
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| show | patterns of embryological development
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| show | can apply to more than one animal
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| One goal of scientists is to assign every organism a universally accepted name according to the system known as | show 🗑
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| show | common names
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| At any level of organization, groups that have biological meaning are referred to as | show 🗑
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| show | a single species
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| According to the rules of binomial nomenclature, which of the terms is capitalized | show 🗑
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| Based on their names, you know that the baboons Paio annubis and Paio cynocephalus do NOT belong to the same | show 🗑
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| How do binomial, or two-part, names compare with early versions of scientific names | show 🗑
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| The second part of a scientific name is unique to each | show 🗑
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| Often, the second part of a scientific name is | show 🗑
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| Before Linnaeus, scientific names were problematic because they were | show 🗑
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| show | seven
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| A genus is composed of a number of similar | show 🗑
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| Several different classes make up a | show 🗑
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| show | phylum and kingdom
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| Anumals that are warm-blooded, have body hair, and produce milk for their young are grouped in the class | show 🗑
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| The only "natural" taxa in Linnaeus's system is the | show 🗑
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| Traditional classifications tended to take into account primarily | show 🗑
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| show | species and all its ancestors
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| show | evolutuinary classification
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| show | be more closely related to one another than they are to species in other genera
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| What kind of analysis focuses on the order in which derived characters appeared in organisms | show 🗑
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| In biology, a trait that arose in an ancestor and is passed along to its descendants is referred to as a | show 🗑
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| show | derived characters
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| show | cladogram
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| What does a cladistic analysis show about organisms | show 🗑
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| Similar DNA sequences in genes can be evidence of | show 🗑
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| show | they all use DNA to pass on information
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| What is true about dissimilar organisms such as a cow and a yeast | show 🗑
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| show | cladistic analysis
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| What does the presence of similar DNA sequences in the genes in very dissimilar organisms imply | show 🗑
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| What cell structures in eukaryotic cells contain DNA that can be used to determine evolutionary relationships | show 🗑
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| show | eukaryoyes
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| Which kingdom contains heterotrophs with cell walls of chitin | show 🗑
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| show | fungi
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| The domain that corresponds to the kingdom Eubacteria is | show 🗑
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| The domain that contains unicellular organisms that live in extreme environments is | show 🗑
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| The two domains composed of only unicellular organisms are | show 🗑
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| Three-domain system arose when scientists found that Eubacteris and Archaebacteria were more | show 🗑
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| The three-domain system recognizes fundamental differences between two groups of | show 🗑
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| What is thought to be true about the three domains of living things | show 🗑
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