Anatomical Kinesiology Upper Extremities
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| What are the muscles primarily involved in shoulder gridle movements? | Trap, Rhomboid, Levator Scapula, Serratus Anterior, Pec Minor
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| What are the muscles located anteriorly in the shoulder girdle? | Pec min, subclavius
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| What are the muscles located posteriorly and laterally in the shoulder girdle? | Serratus anterior
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| What are the muscles located posteriorly in the shoulder girdle? | Trap, Rhomboid, Levator Scapula
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| What are the actions of the trap upper fibers? | Elevation and extension of the head
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| What are the actions of the trap middle fibers? | Elevation, adduction and upper rotation
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| What are the actions of the trap lower fibers? | Adduction, depression and upper rotation
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| Where is the origin of the trap? | Base of the skull, occipital protuberance, posterior ligament of the neck, spinal process of the cervical (C7) and all thoracic vertebra
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| Where is the insertion of the trap? | Posterior aspect if the lateral 3rd of the clavicle and medial border of the acromion process
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| What are the actions of the levator scapulae? | Elevation
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| Where is the origin of the levator scapulae? | Transverse processes if the upper 4 cervical (C1-C4)
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| What are the actions of the rhomboid? | Adduction, downward rotation and elevation
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| Where is the origin of the rhomboid? | Spinous processes of the last cervical (C7) and first five thoracic (T1-T5)
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| Where is the insertion of the rhomboid? | Medial border of the scapula below the spine
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| What are the actions of the serratus anterior? | Abduction and upward rotation
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| Where is the origin of the serratus anterior? | Surfaces of the upper 9 ribs at the side of chest
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| Where is the insertion of the serratus anterior? | Anterior aspect of the whole length of medial border of scapula
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| What are the actions of the pec minor? | Abduction, downward rotation, depression
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| Where is the origin of the pec min? | Anterior surfaces of the 3-5 rib
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| Where is the insertion of the pec min? | Coracoid process of scapula
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| What are the actions of the subclavius? | Depression
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| Where is the subclavius origin? | Superior aspect of the 1st rib at its junction with the costal cartilage
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| Where is the subclavius insertion? | Inferior groove in the mid portion of the clavicle
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| What is the glenohumeral joint classification? | Multi axial ball & socket and enarthrodial
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| What are the muscles of the rotator cuff? (SITS) | Subcapularis, supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor
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| What are the glenohumeral muscles? | Deltoid, Pec Major, Latissimus Dorsi, Teres Major, Coracobrachialis
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| What are the actions of the deltoid? | Extension, Horizontal abduction, abduction, Horizontal adduction
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| Where is the origin of the deltoid? | Anterior lateral 3rd of the clavicle, lateral of acromion, spine of scapula
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| Where is the insertion of the deltoid? | Deltoid tuberosity on humerus
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| What are the actions of the Pec Major? | Adduction and internal rotation
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| Where is the origin of the Pec Major? | Medial clavicle surface and anterior surface of first 6 ribs
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| Where is the insertion of the Pec Major? | Outer lip of the intertubercular groove of humerus
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| What are the actions of the latissimus dorsi? | Internal rotation, adduction and extension
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| Where is the origin of the latissimus dorsi? | Posterior crest of the ilium, sacrum and spinous process
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| Where is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi? | Medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus
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| What are the actions of the teres major? |
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| Where is the origin of the teres major? | Inferior 3rd of the lateral border of scapula
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| Where is the insertion of the teres major? | Medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus
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| What are the actions of the coracobrachialis? | Horizontal adduction, adduction and flexion
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| What is the number of bones in the wrist and hand? | 29
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| What is the proximal row of carpals from the radial to ulnar side? | scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum and pisiform
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| What is the bony arch that is created by the trapezium, trapezoid, capital and hamate and spanned by the transverse carpal? | Carpal tunnel
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| What are the three wrist flexors? | Flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi unlaris, palmaris longus
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| What are the three wrist extensors? | Extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis and extensor carpi ulnaris
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| What are the actions of the flexor carpi radialis? | Flexion and abduction
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| Where is the origin of the flexor carpi radialis? | Medial epicondyle of the humerus
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| Where is the insertion of the flexor carpi radialis? | Base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal (palmar surface)
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| What are the actions of the palmaris longus? | Flexion
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| Where is the origin of the palmaris longus? |
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| Where is the insertion of the palmaris longus? | second, third, fourth and fifth metacarpal
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| What are the actions of the flexor carpi ulnaris? | Flexion and adduction
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| Where is the origin of the flexor carpi ulnaris? | Medial epicondyle of the humerus and posterior aspect of the ulna
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| Where is the insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris? | Pisiform, hamate and 5th metacarpal
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| What are the actions of the extensor carpi ulnaris? | Extension and adduction
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| Where is the origin of the extensor carpi ulnaris? | Middle 2/4 of the posterior border of the ulna and lateral epicondyle of humerus
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| Where is the insertion of the extensor carpi ulnaris? | Base of the 5th metacarpal (distal surface)
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| What are the 4 muscles of the thumb? | Opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, adductor pollicis
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| What are the 3 muscles of the little finger? | Opponens digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis
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| What are the actions of the extensor carpi radialis brevis? | Abduction, extension
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| Where is the origin of the extensor carpi radialis brevis? | lateral epicondyle of the humerus
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| Where is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis brevis? | Base of the 3rd metacarpal
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| What are the actions of the extensor carpi radialis longus? | Extension and abduction
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| Where is the origin of the extensor carpi radialis longus? | lower 1/3 of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus and lateral epicondyle of the humerus
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| Where is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis longus? | Base of the 2nd metacarpal (distal surface)
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| What muscle inserts at the base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals on the palmar side of the hand? | Flexor carpi radialis
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| Where is the insertion of the extensor digit minimi? | The base of the middle and distal phalanges on the dorsal surface
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| Elbow stability after 20 degrees of flexion is dependent upon these: | Radial collateral and ulnar collateral ligaments
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| What provides a sling effect around the radial head for stability? | The annular ligament
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| Where is the insertion of the biceps brachii? | Radial tuberosity
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| What is the agonist for radioulnar supination? | Biceps brachii, supinator and the brachioradialis
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| What is the insertion for the pronator quadtratus? | The distal 1/4 of the anterior side of the radius
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| What are the actions of the ANTERIOR fibers of the deltoid? | Abduction, flexion, horizontal adduction and internal rotation
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| Which muscles originates on the inferior 3rd of the scapula? | Teres Major
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| What is scapulohumeral rhythm? | Relationship between the shoulder joint and shoulder girdle with a ratio of 2:1
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| What are the agonists of scapular upward rotation? | Middle and lower fibers of the trap and serrates anterior
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| Where is the insertion of the levator scapulae? | Medial border of the scapula above the spine
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