Cardiopulmonary Physiology - Unit 4 - SPC
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| show | Normal = (4/5) = 0.8, ABG values are norm, 7.40, CO2 = 40, O2 = 100
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| High V/Q ratios = Deadspace = Responsive Hypoxemia | show 🗑
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| Low V/Q ratio = Shunt = Refractory Hypoxemia | show 🗑
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| Deadspace disorders | show 🗑
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| show | Atelectasis, Pneumonia, Pumlonary Edema = Low V/Q
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| show | Diffusion over alveolar Cap. Membrane, directoly proportional to SA, Pressure Gradient, and Diffusion coefficent, inversly proportional to thickness
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| Normal DLCO | show 🗑
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| How to increase diffusion factors | show 🗑
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| show | decrease SA - most dramatic in emphysema, Increase membrane thickness - in interstitial lung diseases like IIPF and pneumoconosis diseases
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| How is Oxygen transported in the blood | show 🗑
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| Hemoglobin A | show 🗑
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| p50 | show 🗑
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| show | 27mmHg
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| show | less than 27 = left shift(LOAD), increased affinity between O2 and Hb, O2 loading easier in LUNGS, but harder in Tissues
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| show | greater than 27 = Right shift(RELEASE), dreased affinity between O2 and Hb, O2 loading harder in Lung, unloading easier in tissues
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| show | increased pH(ALKALEMIA), decreased CO2, Hypothermia, Decreased 2,3,DPG, promotes O@ loading
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| RIGHT Shift Factors | show 🗑
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| BOHR effect | show 🗑
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| show | congential or chemically induced(Nitrates, NO, Caine drugs)alters HEME portion of Hb, cause DECREASED p50- O2 loads on Hb but will not unload in tissues, PulseOx reads 85%
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| Carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) | show 🗑
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| show | in the fetus and neosaltered 2,3,DPG binding causes DECREASED p50, O2 load on Hb but not unload in tissues
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| show | DO2 = C.O. x (CaO2x10), normal is 5 x (20x10)= 1000ml/min, if given dl, multiply by 10
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| O2 consumption/uptake | show 🗑
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| show | Exercise, Fever, Seizures, Shivering, all >250ml.min
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| Factors that decrease O2 consumption | show 🗑
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| C(a-v)O2 - (a-v) is diff between arterial and venous | show 🗑
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| Factors that increase (a-v) gap | show 🗑
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| show | Peripheral shunting, cyanide poisoning, hypothermia
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| Extraction Ratio O2ER | show 🗑
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| Increased ER | show 🗑
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| show | Same as (a-v) gap, Increased CO, Decreased O2 consumption, peripheral shunting, cyanide poisoning, hypothermia
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| show | Normal 75%, PVO2 - 40-45, critical at 60%
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| show | Ex. 80%, incresaed CO, decreased O2 consumption at tissues, Peripheral shunting, Cyanide poisoning, hypothermia
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| show | Ex. 60%, decreased CO, increased O2 consumption at tissues, exercise, seizures, shivering, fever
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| show | QS/QT= (CCO2-CaO2)/(CCO2-CvO2)
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| show | <10=NORMAL, 10-20%=MILD, 20-30%=MODERATE, >30%=SEVERE
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| show | 10% dissolved in Plasma, 20% in Carbamino on the protein portion, and 70% on Bicarbonate in the hemoglobin
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| show | As SaO2 decreases, CO2 loading on Hb is enhanced(TISSUE LEVEL)...As SaO2 increases, CO2 unloading is enhanced (LUNG LEVEL)
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| show | Chloride IN, Bicarb OUT, CO2 LOADED, O2 UNLOADED(H+ increase)
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