SOL PoetryTerms 9th Grade
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| alliteration | The repetition of the beginning sounds of words, as in Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, long-lived, short shrift, and the fickle finger of fate
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| allusion | A reference to something supposed to be known, but not explicitly mentioned
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| assonance | Also called vowel rhyme. The repetition of vowel sounds within nonrhyming words, as in penitent and reticence
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| blank verse | unrhymed verse usually written in iambic pentameter
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| consonance | the repetition of consonants or of a consonant pattern, especially at the ends of words, as in blank and think or strong and string.
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| couplet | a rhymed pair of lines.
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| diction | style of speaking or writing as dependent upon choice of words
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| end rhyme | rhyme of the terminal syllables of lines of poetry.
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| epic | a long narrative poem written in a formal style, in which heroes of great historical/legendary importance perform valorous deeds. The setting is vast in scope, covering great nations, the world, or the universe, and the action is important to the history
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| figurative language | speech or writing that departs from literal meaning in order to achieve a special effect or meaning (connotation). Employs figures of speech such as personification, hyperbole, simile, and metaphor.
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| literal language | conforming to, or upholding the exact or primary meaning of a word or words (denotation).
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| free verse | verse that does not follow a fixed metrical pattern.
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| iambic pentameter | The most common meter in English poetry. It consists of a line ten syllables long that is accented on every second beat, the first unstressed and the second stressed.
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| imagery | the formation of mental images, figures, or likenesses of things, or of such images collectively
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| internal rhyme | a rhyme created by two or more words in the same line of verse or within two or more lines of a verse.
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| metaphor | A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison, as in "a sea of troubles" or "All the world's a stage" (Shakespeare).
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| meter | the measured arrangement of words in poetry, as by accentual rhythm, syllabic quantity, or the number of syllables in a line.
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| onomatopoeia | The use of words such as buzz or murmur that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.
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| oxymoron | A rhetorical device in which two seemingly contradictory words are used together for effect.
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| personification | A figure of speech in which an inanimate object or abstract idea is represented as animated, or endowed with personality
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| repetition | repeated utterance; reiteration.
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| rhyme | A word that corresponds with another in terminal sound, as behold and cold.
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| rhythm | the arrangement of spoken words alternating stressed and unstressed elements; "the rhythm of Frost's poetry"
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| simile | a figure of speech in which two unlike things are explicitly compared, as in she is like a rose.
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| slant rhyme | when the sounds are not quite identical.
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| speaker | the voice that talks to the reader, similar to the narrator in fiction. The speaker is not necessarily the poet.
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| sonnet | a poem, expressive of a single, complete thought, idea, or sentiment, of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter, with rhymes arranged according to one of certain definite schemes: the strict or Italian form divided into a major group of 8 lines (the octav
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| stanza | composed of two or more lines usually characterized by a common pattern of meter, rhyme, and number of lines throughout the poem.
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| symbolism | a person, a place, or an object used for or regarded as representing something else
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| theme | the main idea in a work of literature. It is a perception about life or human nature that the writer shares with the reader.
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| tone | the attitude of the writer takes toward a subject.
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