NYS Regents Chemistry
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Heat of vaporization (Hv) | heat required to BOIL one gram of a liquid(see table B for water’s Hv)
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| Heat of fusion (Hf) | heat required to MELT one gram of a solid (see table B for water’s Hf)
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| Absolute zero | zero kelvin or –273 *C, the lowest possible temperature.
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| Activation energy | energy required to take reactants or products to the top of a potential energy diagram. Every reaction has activation energy
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| Spontaneous reaction | process that occurs on its own, without outside energy other than activation energy. Usually exothermic(decrease in enthalpy) with an increase in entropy
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| Thermochemistry | the study of the heat changes that occur during chemical reactions
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| Chemical potential energy | energy stored in chemical bonds
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| System | the chemicals whose bonds are being broken and reformed during a reaction
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| Surroundings | the air or water that will gain energy from the system during an exothermic reaction or lose energy to the system during an endothermic reaction.
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| Law of Conservation of Energy | Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred from one form to another
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| Endothermic | a reaction that requires a net absorption of energy. The PE of the bonds increases while the KE of the surroundings decreases (Feels cold)
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| Exothermic | a reaction that has a net release of energy. The PE of the bonds decreases while the KE of the surroundings increases (Feels warm)
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| Specific Heat Capacity | the amount of energy (in joules or calories) required to raise the temp of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius or Kelvin.
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| Calorimeter | an insulated reaction apparatus that will allow for a more accurate measure of the change in temperature during a reaction.
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| Enthalpy | the measure of heat energy of a chemical, generally expressed in joules or calories.
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| Entropy | the amount of “chaos” or disorder of a chemical. Represented by delta S
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| Heat of Reaction | the enthalpy change of a reaction. Also known as delta H, or “q” in the heat formulas.
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| Fusion (the phase change) | melting; solid -> liquid
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| Vaporization | boiling; liquid -> gas
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| Sublimation | phase change solid -> gas
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| Crystallization | phase change liquid -> solid; also known as freezing or solidification
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| Deposition | phase change gas -> solid
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| Condensation | phase change gas -> liquid
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| Entropy | chaos of a system (ie. a gas has more entropy than a liquid)
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