lower limb question
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Number of bones in the foot | 26
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| The location of the tuberosity that is a common fracture site of the foot | base of the fifth metatarsal
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| Name the joints of the metatarsals | metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP), tarsometatarsal joint (TMT)
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| Where are the sesamoid bones located on in the foot? | plantar surface at the head of the first metatarsal
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| Name the 7 metatarsals with their alternate names | Talus (astragulus), Calcaneus (Os Calcis), Cuboid, Navicular (Scaphoid), lateral, medial and intermediate cuneiforms (1,2,3)
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| The most posterior-inferior part of the calcaneus | tuberosity
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| Rounded processes on the calcaneus | lateral and medial processes
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| A ridge of bone on the superior portion of the calcaneus (visualized laterally on an axial projection) | peroneal trochlea or trochlear process
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| Large prominent bony process on the medial aspect of the calcaneus | sustentaculum tali
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| Which two bones does the calcaneus articulate? | cuboid and talus
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| The calcaneus articulates with the talus superiorly to form what joint? | subtalar joint or talocalcaneal
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| The 3 articular facets at the talus joint | posterior, anterior and middle articular facets
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| The opening in the middle of the subtalar joint | sinus tarsi or tarsal sinus
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| The four bones that articulates with the talus | tibia, fibula, calcaneus and navicular
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| Which cuneiform is the smallest? the largest? | smallest-intermediate; largest-medial
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| The 4 bones that the medial cuneiform articulate | navicular, first and second metatarsal, intermediate cuneiform
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| The 4 bones the the intermediate cuneiform articulate with | navicular, medial and lateral cuneiforms and second metatarsal
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| The 6 bones that the lateral cuneiform articulate | navicular, second, third, fourth metatarsals, intermediate cuneiform, cuboid
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| The 4 bones that the cuboid articulate | calcaneus, lateral cuneiform, fourth and fifth metatarsal
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| Name the two arches of the foot | longitudinal and transverse
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| The 3 bones of the ankle joint | tibia, fibula and talus
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| The expanded distal end of the fibula extending down the lateral side of the talus | lateral malleolus
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| The medial elongated process of the distal tibia and extending alongside the medial talus | medial malleolus
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| the deep, three-sided socket formed by the tibia, fibula and talus | mortise
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| The expanded process at the distal anterior and lateral tibia | anterior tubercle
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| Distal tibial joint surface forming the roof of the ankle mortise joint | tibial plafond
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| joint-type of the ankle | synovial; ginglymus-hinge
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| Joint movements of the ankle | flexion and extension (dorsiflexion and plantar flexion)
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| The weight-bearing bone of the lower leg | tibia
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| 3 parts of the tibia | body (shaft), distal extremity, proximal extremity
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| Two large processes making up the medial and lateral aspects of the proximal tibia | medial and lateral condyles
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| The two, small pointed processes on the superior surface of the tibia | intercondylar eminence
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| The names of the two pointy processes at the intercondylar eminence | lateral and medial tubercles
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| The two smooth, concave articular facets on the upper articular surface of the tibia | tibial plateau
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| What does the tibial plateau articulate with? | femur
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| Rough-textured prominence located on the midanterior surface of the proximal tibia | tibial tuberosity
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| Sharp ridge along the anterior surface of the tibia | anterior crest or border (shin)
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| Short pyramid process on the distal end of the tibia | medial malleolus
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| The lateral aspect of the tibia forms a flattened, triangular shaped structure called... | fibular notch
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| What bones does the fibula articulate? | the tibia proximally and the tibia and talus distally
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| The head of the fibula is distal or proximal | proximal
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| The extreme proximal end of the fibula that is pointed is called the... | Apex
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| The 5 parts of the fibula | apex, head, neck, body and lateral malleolus
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| The longest and strongest bone in the entire body | femur
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| The smooth, triangular-shaped, shallow surface at the distal portion of the anterior femur | patellar surface (intercondylar sulucus; trochlear groove)
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| What joints make up the ankle mortise? | talofibular, tibiotalar
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| What joints make up the knee? | patellofemoral, femorotibial
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| The notch between the large, rounded condyles on the distal femur | intercondylar fossa
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| The deep depression between posterior and middle articular facets of the calcaneus | calcaneal sulcus
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