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Unit 4 of AP Bio

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Question
Answer
What are important biotic factors that can affect the structure and organization of biological communities?   Predation, competition, and disease  
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Ecology as a discipline does not directly deal with this level of biological organization.   Cellular  
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The biogeographic realms described by Darwin, Wallace, and others are associated with patterns of what?   Continental drift  
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Species transplants are one way of developing mathematical models for what and what?   Distribution and abundance  
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The best explanation for unchecked population growth is that what are too few to slow down population growth?   Predators  
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What ecological unit or relationship is not related to abiotic factors?   Symbiosis  
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In an altitudinal gradient, what would not change in the same way as in a latitudinal gradient?   Day length  
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What is the most important factor affecting the distribution of biomes?   Climate  
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What abiotic factor has the greatest influence on the metabolic rates of plants and animals?   Temperature  
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What becomes the major factor in delimiting biomes as you travel toward the poles?   Temperature  
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What causes Earth's seasons?   The tilt of Earth's axis  
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Generally speaking, deserts are located in places where air masses are usually what?   Falling  
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Polar regions are cooler than the equator because sunlight strikes the poles how?   At an oblique angle  
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In temperate lakes, the surface water is replenished with nutrients during turnovers that occur when?   Fall and spring  
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Through mixing of water in temperate lakes during the spring and fall turnovers is made possible by what?   Changing water temperature profiles  
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The speed with which plants extend their range northward following glacial retreat is best determined by what?   Their seed dispersal rate  
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What zone in an aquatic biome often supports communities of organisms that feed largely on detritus?   Benthic  
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Where would an ecologist find the most phytoplankton in a lake?   Limnetic zone  
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Nutrient-rich agricultural runoff into freshwater ecosystems can result in what?   Cultural eutrophication  
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Where would you be most likely to find plants known as hydrophytes?   A bog  
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Phytoplankton is most frequently found in what zone?   Photic zone  
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What marine zone would have the lowest rates of primary productivity?   Abyssal zone  
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2 plant species live in the same biome but on different continents. Although these 2 are not closely related, they may seem similar as a result of what?   Convergent evolution  
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An area in which different terrestrial biomes grade into each other is known as a what?   Ecotone  
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What terrestrial biomes are adapted to frequent fires?   Savannas, chaparral, and temperate grasslands  
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Fire suppression by humans can change what within biological communities?   Species composition  
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What biome is able to support many large animals despite receiving moderate amounts of rainfall?   Savanna  
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Tropical grasslands with scattered trees are also known as what?   Savannas  
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The growing season would generally be shortest in what biome?   Taiga  
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What type of biome would most likely occur in a climate with mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers?   Chaparral  
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Animals tend to maximize their energy intake-to-expenditure ratio. What is this behavior called?   Optimal foraging  
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