Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| Pure Substance | A sample of matter that has definite chemical and physical properties.
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| Element | A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means.
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| Atom | The smallest unit of an element that maintains the characteristics of that element.
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| Molecules | A unit of matter composed of two or more atoms that are joined together by chemical bonds. They may be from the same element or from different elements.
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| Compounds | Pure substances that are chemically bonded.
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| Mixtures | A combination of two or more pure substances that are not chemically bonded.
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| What are the two types of mixtures? | Heterogeneous and Homogeneous mixtures
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| Homogeneous | Molecules are mixed up in an even distribution
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| Solutions | A substance that appears to be a single substance. In a solution, particles do not scatter light.
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| Solvent | The substance that does the dissolving.
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| Solute | The substance being dissolved.
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| Colloids | A mixture of tiny particles that are bigger than those in the solution, but smaller than those in a suspension.
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| Heterogeneous | Molecules are mixed up in an uneven distribution.
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| Suspensions | A mixture in which the particles are dispersed in a liquid or a gas, and will eventually settle out.
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| Alloy | A solid solution that is formed when a metal or a nonmetal is dissolved in a metal
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| Is hydrogen a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid? | Nonmetal
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| What are the three ways to dissolve solids faster? | Mixing, Heating, and Crushing
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| Metalloids | These share characteristic properties of metals and nonmetals. Also known as semi-conductors of heat and electricity.
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| Nonmetals | Dull, bad conductors of heat and electricity, unmalleable, and solids tend to be brittle.
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| Metals | An element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity well.
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| What increases the solubility of a gas in a liquid? | Decreasing the temperature of the liquid
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| Which of the following best describes chicken noodle soup? A. element C. compound B. mixture D. solution | B. Mixture
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| A solution that contains a large amount of solute is best described as: A. insoluble. C. dilute. B. concentrated. D. weak. | B. Concentrated
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| Which of the following would not increase the rate at which a solid dissolves? A. decreasing the temperature B. crushing the solid C. stirring D. increasing the temperature | A.decreasing the temperature
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| What is the difference between an element and a compound? | An element is a substance that has been simplified. A compound can be broken down by chemical means. The atoms of an element maintain that element's properties.
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| How many grams of sugar must be dissolved in 150 ml of water to make a solution that has a concentration of 0.6 g/ml? | 0.25 g/mL
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| To keep the “fizz” in carbonated beverages after they have been opened, should you store them in a refrigerator or in a cabinet? | A refrigerator
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| A light green powder is heated in a test tube. A gas is given off, and the solid becomes black. In which classification of matter does the green powder belong? Explain your reasoning. | The green powder belongs in the nonmetals category because this powder is dull, not shiny.
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