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Science Ch3
Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
| Term/question | Definition/answer |
|---|---|
| Pure Substance | A sample of matter that has definite chemical and physical properties. |
| Element | A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means. |
| Atom | The smallest unit of an element that maintains the characteristics of that element. |
| Molecules | A unit of matter composed of two or more atoms that are joined together by chemical bonds. They may be from the same element or from different elements. |
| Compounds | Pure substances that are chemically bonded. |
| Mixtures | A combination of two or more pure substances that are not chemically bonded. |
| What are the two types of mixtures? | Heterogeneous and Homogeneous mixtures |
| Homogeneous | Molecules are mixed up in an even distribution |
| Solutions | A substance that appears to be a single substance. In a solution, particles do not scatter light. |
| Solvent | The substance that does the dissolving. |
| Solute | The substance being dissolved. |
| Colloids | A mixture of tiny particles that are bigger than those in the solution, but smaller than those in a suspension. |
| Heterogeneous | Molecules are mixed up in an uneven distribution. |
| Suspensions | A mixture in which the particles are dispersed in a liquid or a gas, and will eventually settle out. |
| Alloy | A solid solution that is formed when a metal or a nonmetal is dissolved in a metal |
| Is hydrogen a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid? | Nonmetal |
| What are the three ways to dissolve solids faster? | Mixing, Heating, and Crushing |
| Metalloids | These share characteristic properties of metals and nonmetals. Also known as semi-conductors of heat and electricity. |
| Nonmetals | Dull, bad conductors of heat and electricity, unmalleable, and solids tend to be brittle. |
| Metals | An element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity well. |
| What increases the solubility of a gas in a liquid? | Decreasing the temperature of the liquid |
| Which of the following best describes chicken noodle soup? A. element C. compound B. mixture D. solution | B. Mixture |
| A solution that contains a large amount of solute is best described as: A. insoluble. C. dilute. B. concentrated. D. weak. | B. Concentrated |
| Which of the following would not increase the rate at which a solid dissolves? A. decreasing the temperature B. crushing the solid C. stirring D. increasing the temperature | A.decreasing the temperature |
| What is the difference between an element and a compound? | An element is a substance that has been simplified. A compound can be broken down by chemical means. The atoms of an element maintain that element's properties. |
| How many grams of sugar must be dissolved in 150 ml of water to make a solution that has a concentration of 0.6 g/ml? | 0.25 g/mL |
| To keep the “fizz” in carbonated beverages after they have been opened, should you store them in a refrigerator or in a cabinet? | A refrigerator |
| A light green powder is heated in a test tube. A gas is given off, and the solid becomes black. In which classification of matter does the green powder belong? Explain your reasoning. | The green powder belongs in the nonmetals category because this powder is dull, not shiny. |
Created by:
varsha02
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