section 2.1-2.6
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Law of Conservation of Mass states - | matter is neither created or destroyed
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| The smallest unit of an element is called an: | element
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| What are the 3 laws that led to Dalton's atomic theory? | 1. Law of conservation of mass
2. Law of definite proportions
3. Law of multiple proportions
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| When a chemical reaction occurs, the _____ does not change | total mass of the substances
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| mass of reactants = | mass of product
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| Law of definite proportions states: | all samples, regardless of their source, has the same proportions of their elements
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| Law of multiple proportions states: | when 2 elements form 2 different compounds, the mass ratio should be a whole number
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| Electrons has a ___ charge | positive
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| Neutrons have a ___ charge | neutral
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| Protons have a ___ charge | negative
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| JJ Thomson did an experiment with ___ discovering ___ | cathode rays; electrons
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| What are cathode rays? | A beam of particles
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| Who discovered the charge ratio of electron? | JJ Thomson
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| JJ Thomson is known for the ____ model | plum-pudding model
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| If the cathode rays were positively charged, this deflects towards the ___ plate | negative
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| What was accounted in Rutherford's gold foil experiment? | 1. small size of nucleus
2. charge on nucleus
3. existence of protons
4. presence of electrons outside nucleus
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| What is the nucleus made up of? | protons and neutrons
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| All masses are based on ___ | carbon
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| What is the atomic number? | number of protons in nucleus
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| The mass number is the ____ | sum of protons and neutrons
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| Rutherford's gold foil experiment stated | there must be a dense core in center of atom
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| In neutral atoms, the number of protons will ALWAYS ___ | equal the number of electrons
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| Who said "atoms are mostly empty space"? | Rutherford
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| When protons outweigh electrons, the isotope is ___ | positive
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| When electrons outweigh protons, the isotope is ___ | negative
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| When protons & electrons are equal, the isotope is __ | neutral
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| When atoms have the SAME number of protons, but DIFFERENT numbers of neutrons, they are called: | isotopes
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| A negative electrode is called a | cathode
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| A positive electrode is called an | anode
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| The difference between the mass number and atomic number are called: | neutrons
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| Protons can be found by taking the: | atomic number of an element
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| Ions are formed when we: | lose or gain electrons
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| When we change the number of ___, we are considering a different element all together | protons
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| Cations form when ___ | electrons are LOST
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| Cations are ___ charged | positively
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| Anion are ___ charged | negatively
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| Anions form when electrons are ___ | electrons are GAINED
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