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Chemistry Ch. 2
section 2.1-2.6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Law of Conservation of Mass states - | matter is neither created or destroyed |
| The smallest unit of an element is called an: | element |
| What are the 3 laws that led to Dalton's atomic theory? | 1. Law of conservation of mass 2. Law of definite proportions 3. Law of multiple proportions |
| When a chemical reaction occurs, the _____ does not change | total mass of the substances |
| mass of reactants = | mass of product |
| Law of definite proportions states: | all samples, regardless of their source, has the same proportions of their elements |
| Law of multiple proportions states: | when 2 elements form 2 different compounds, the mass ratio should be a whole number |
| Electrons has a ___ charge | positive |
| Neutrons have a ___ charge | neutral |
| Protons have a ___ charge | negative |
| JJ Thomson did an experiment with ___ discovering ___ | cathode rays; electrons |
| What are cathode rays? | A beam of particles |
| Who discovered the charge ratio of electron? | JJ Thomson |
| JJ Thomson is known for the ____ model | plum-pudding model |
| If the cathode rays were positively charged, this deflects towards the ___ plate | negative |
| What was accounted in Rutherford's gold foil experiment? | 1. small size of nucleus 2. charge on nucleus 3. existence of protons 4. presence of electrons outside nucleus |
| What is the nucleus made up of? | protons and neutrons |
| All masses are based on ___ | carbon |
| What is the atomic number? | number of protons in nucleus |
| The mass number is the ____ | sum of protons and neutrons |
| Rutherford's gold foil experiment stated | there must be a dense core in center of atom |
| In neutral atoms, the number of protons will ALWAYS ___ | equal the number of electrons |
| Who said "atoms are mostly empty space"? | Rutherford |
| When protons outweigh electrons, the isotope is ___ | positive |
| When electrons outweigh protons, the isotope is ___ | negative |
| When protons & electrons are equal, the isotope is __ | neutral |
| When atoms have the SAME number of protons, but DIFFERENT numbers of neutrons, they are called: | isotopes |
| A negative electrode is called a | cathode |
| A positive electrode is called an | anode |
| The difference between the mass number and atomic number are called: | neutrons |
| Protons can be found by taking the: | atomic number of an element |
| Ions are formed when we: | lose or gain electrons |
| When we change the number of ___, we are considering a different element all together | protons |
| Cations form when ___ | electrons are LOST |
| Cations are ___ charged | positively |
| Anion are ___ charged | negatively |
| Anions form when electrons are ___ | electrons are GAINED |
Created by:
Mariahj25
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