Unit Test Review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| show | The ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations. "A mental ability to learn from experience" Socially constructed and is defined to the attributes that enable success in a culture.
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| show | To assess individuals' mental aptitudes and compare them with those of others
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| Reification | show 🗑
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| Reification Example | show 🗑
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| show | The sort of problem solving that demonstrates this is what researchers have historically assessed in their tests of intelligence
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| show | Stanford-Binet, WAIS, and WISC
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| show | A statistical procedure that can be used to identify clusters of closely related test items. It has been used to assess whether intelligence is a single trait or a collection of distinct abilities.
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| Spearman's G Factor | show 🗑
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| show | Believed that the value of a single intelligence test score provided an index of an individual's mental capacities
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| Illustration of the G Factor | show 🗑
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| show | People's scores on the general intelligence factor are most highly correlate with the
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| Those who emphasize the G Factor | show 🗑
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| show | Disagreed with Spearman about the nature of intelligence. He identified seven clusters of primary mental abilities rather than one general intelligence factor.
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| Seven Clusters of Primary Mental Abilities | show 🗑
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| Thurstone Claimed | show 🗑
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| Thurstone's Seven Primary Mental Abilities Example | show 🗑
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| Howard Gardner | show 🗑
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| show | Musical (Music Smart), Bodily-Kinesthetic (Body Smart), Interpersonal (People Smart), Verbal-Linguistic (Word Smart). Logical Mathematical (Logic Smart), Naturalistic (Nature Smart), Interpersonal (Self Smart), and Visual Spatial (Picture Smart)
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| Savant Syndrome Part One | show 🗑
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| Savant Syndrome Part Two | show 🗑
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| show | Stephen Wiltshire is a British architectural artist. He is known for his ability to draw from memory a landscape after seeing it just once. At the age of three he was diagnosed as autistic.
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| show | Developed the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence. He distinguished between analytical, practical, and creative intelligences.
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| show | Measures practical intelligence such as writing skills, skill in motivating others, and the ability to effectively delegate tasks.
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| Analytic Intelligence | show 🗑
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| show | Use of experience in ways that foster insight
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| Practical Intelligence | show 🗑
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| show | The ability to identify, use, understand, and manage emotions in positive ways to relieve stress, communicate effectively, empathize with others, overcome challenges, and defuse conflict
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| Critical Component | show 🗑
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| Components of Emotional Intelligence are | show 🗑
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| Criticism for Emotional Intelligence | show 🗑
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| Emotional Intelligence Example | show 🗑
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| show | A basic intelligence predicts our abilities in varied academic areas. Different abilities correlate like Verbal and Spatial. Human abilities are too diverse to be encapsulated by a single general intelligence factor.
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| Thurstone's Primary Mental Abilities | show 🗑
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| Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Part One | show 🗑
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| show | Should all of our abilities be considered intelligences? Shouldn't some be called less vital talents
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| show | Our intelligence is best classified into three areas that predict real-world success: analytical, creative, and practical. These three facets can be reliably measured.
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| Sternberg's Triarchic Part Two | show 🗑
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| MRI Scan Reveal | show 🗑
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| show | Although not notably heavier or larger in total size than the typical Canadian's brain, Einstein's brain was 15% larger in the lower region of the partial lobe.
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| Lower Region of Partial Lobe | show 🗑
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| show | Reveal that highly educated people have more synapses when they die than do their less educated counterparts
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| Research on Intelligence and Brain Anatomy | show 🗑
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| Environmental Stimulation | show 🗑
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| High Intelligences Scores Have Been Linked With | show 🗑
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| Higher Intelligences Scores are Positively Correlated | show 🗑
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| Studies suggest that there is a positive correlation between | show 🗑
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| To learn whether intelligence is related to information-processing capacities | show 🗑
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| Retrieve Information Example | show 🗑
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| show | This nineteenth-century English scientist believed that superior intelligence is biologically inherited. Also authored the book Heredity Genius
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| Galton Attempted to Assess Intellectual Strengths by Measuring | show 🗑
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| Alfred Binet Part One | show 🗑
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| show | Intelligence test were initially designed by this person and Simon to assess academic aptitude and to identify children likely to have difficulty learning in regular school classes. They assumed a bright child would perform like a normal older child.
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| show | The chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of intelligence test performance. Used to determine whether a child's intellectual development was fast or slow. To asses this, Binet and Simon measured children's reasoning skills
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| show | Five-year-old Wilbur performs on an intelligence test at a level characteristic of an average 4-year-old. His mental age is 4
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| IQ (original Stanford-Binet) | show 🗑
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| IQ (original Stanford-Binet) Example | show 🗑
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| show | Widely used American revision of Binet's original intelligence test was the Stanford-Binet.
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| Binet and Terman | show 🗑
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| show | Was inherited and that intelligence tests would be a great way to classify children
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| The Eugenics Movement | show 🗑
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| show | to evaluate newly arriving immigrants. Poor test scores among immigrants who were not of Anglo-Saxon heritage were attributed to innate mental inferiority.
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| show | would be least appropriate for representing the intelligence test performance of college students
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| show | that important lessons that although science strives for objectivity, scientists can be influenced by their personal biases
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| show | Tests designed to assess learned knowledge or skills
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| Achievement Test Example | show 🗑
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| Aptitude Tests | show 🗑
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| show | A test of your capacity to learn to be an automobile mechanic
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| show | A test that provides separate verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, working memory, and processing speed scores, as well as an overall intelligence score.
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| show | Object assembly, picture arrangement, and block design. Designed to test children's intelligence.
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| Weschler Adult Intellgience Scale (WAIS) Example | show 🗑
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| Standardization | show 🗑
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| show | If you were told that you correctly answered 80 percent of the times on a math achievement test, and you asked how you performance compared with an average test taker, your concern would be directly related to the issue of standardization
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| Normal Curve | show 🗑
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| Less than 2% of people fall in this range | show 🗑
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| About 95% people | show 🗑
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| show | Fall in this range within 15 points of 100
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| Flynn Effect | show 🗑
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| The Flynn Effect best illustrates | show 🗑
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| show | Comparing the average performance of the initial WAIS standardization sample with average performance of the most recent WAIS standardization provides convincing evidence of the Flynn Effect.
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| Reliability | show 🗑
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| Reliability Example | show 🗑
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| show | If a test measures or predicts what it is suppose to measure or predict. Psychologists measure the correlation between aptitude tests and school grades in order to assess the validity of the aptitude test.
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| Validity Example | show 🗑
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| Content Validity | show 🗑
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| show | Do the questions really assess the construct in question or are the responses by the person answering the questions influenced by the other factors.
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| Content Validity Example | show 🗑
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| show | Refers to how well the assessment results can predict a relationship between the construct of being measured and future behavior.
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| Predictive Validity Question | show 🗑
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| show | This of general aptitude tests decrease as educational experience of the students who take them increases because there is a relatively restricted range of aptitude test scores among students at a higher education levels.
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| Rough indicator of infants' later intelligence | show 🗑
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| The stability of children's intelligence test scores over time | show 🗑
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| show | Who outscored most high school seniors on a college aptitude test had begun reading at an unusually early age
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| The high positive correlations between scores received on comparable sections of the | show 🗑
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| Ian and his colleagues | show 🗑
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| Stability Example | show 🗑
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| Women scoring in the highest 25% on the national intelligence test | show 🗑
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| show | Is a condition involving intellectual disability caused by an extra chromosome in one's genetic makeup
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| show | Have difficulty adapting to the normal demands of independent adult life
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| Individuals with a mild intellectual disability | show 🗑
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| show | Have an intelligence score between 35 and 49
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| show | Children with an intellectual disability have increasingly been mainstreamed into regular school classrooms.
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| The percentage of people diagnosed with an intellectual disability | show 🗑
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| show | Found that intellectually gifted children are typically socially adjusted and academically successful.
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| Gifted Education Programs are Criticized for | show 🗑
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| Research on the determinants of intelligence | show 🗑
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| Researchers have identified many different chromosomal regions | show 🗑
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| show | The similarity between intelligence test scores of identical twins raised apart is greater than ordinary siblings raised together. As children age, adopted children's intelligence test scores become more positively correlated with their biological parents
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| The Heritability of Intelligence | show 🗑
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| The heritability of intelligence is greatest among | show 🗑
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| show | Is most apparent among children who experience minimal interaction with caregivers. The intellectual development of neglected children in impoverished environments is often depressed
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| show | J. McVicker Hunt studied children an Iranian orphanage that suffered delayed intellectual development due to a deprived environment. He began a program of tutored human enrichment that trained caregivers to imitate babies' babbling
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| The Mozart Effect | show 🗑
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| Research indicates that Head Start programs | show 🗑
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| Interventions that promote intelligence teach early teens that the brain is like a muscle | show 🗑
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| show | To outperform girls in a chess game and in mentally rotating three-dimensional objects
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| Girls are most likely | show 🗑
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| show | Than men at interpreting others' facial expression of emotion
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| show | In a highschool classroom for students that are highly gifted in math problem solving
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| Exposure to high levels of male sex hormones | show 🗑
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| show | Little of the gender gap in mathematical abilities found in Turkey and Korea illustrating that mental abilities are socially influenced.
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| show | In intelligence indicates that on average Black American perform less well than White Americans on intelligence tests.
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| The racial gap on the IQ test | show 🗑
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| The distribution of intelligence test scores | show 🗑
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| show | Are higher than the scores of the 1930s population
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| Research on racial and ethnic differences | show 🗑
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| show | Has been observed to be greatest when these individuals were high school juniors
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| The Question of Bias | show 🗑
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| show | When completing a verbal aptitude test, members of an ethnic minority group are particularly likely to perform below their true ability levels if they believe that the test is biased against members of their own ethnic group
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| Blacks have been founded to score lower on tests of verbal aptitude | show 🗑
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| Stereotype Threat | show 🗑
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| show | Note that racial difference in intelligence test scores occur on nonverbal as well as verbal intelligence subscales
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| Psychologists would agree that intelligence tests | show 🗑
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| Intelligence tests have effectively reduced discrimination | show 🗑
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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