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Intro to Economics

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Term
Definition
capital   goods used to produce other goods and services; it can also mean financial capital or money Examples: tools, machinery, buildings, money  
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capital goods   goods used to make or transport other goods and services Examples: tools; machinery; factories; facilities for storing, transporting, and selling goods  
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consumer   an individual who buys and uses goods and services  
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consumer goods   goods used for personal needs and wants Examples: clothing, food, appliances, automobiles  
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demand   the amount of goods or services that consumers are willing and able to buy at a given price  
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durable goods   goods that are not used up and do not quickly wear out after they are purchased Examples: automobiles, appliances, furniture  
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economic rent   payment that people receive for the use of resources that they own or control  
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economics   the study of people trying to satisfy their wants in a world of scarcity  
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efficient   getting the job done with the least amount of effort; producing the most with the least amount of resources  
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entrepreneur   an individual who creates something new and earns a profit by combining land, labor, and capital resources to produce goods and services  
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entrepreneurship   special talent some people have for searching out new business opportunities and developing new products and new ways of doing things  
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financial capital   money used to buy factors of production Examples: tools, machinery, buildings  
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goods   items that can be bought or sold that are tangible (you can actually hold them in your hands) and provide satisfaction; sometimes referred to as products  
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labor   human effort, both mental and physical,that goes into the making of goods and services  
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land   the geographic territory and natural resources that go into the making of goods and services Examples: fields, forests, minerals, water  
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necessity   goods or services considered essential to a person’s well-being; a need  
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needs   goods and services that are necessities Examples: food, clothing, shelter, medical care  
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nondurable goods   goods that are used up or quickly wear out after they are purchased Examples: gasoline, food, clothing  
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opportunity cost   whatever is given up to get something in return  
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resources   anything used to produce goods and services; also known as factors of production or productive resources Examples: land (minerals, timber, rivers); labor; capital (machinery, buildings); and some economists consider entrepreneurship  
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scarcity   limited resources for production in relation to wants for goods and services  
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services   activities performed for others for money; things that people want done for them but are unwilling or unable to do for themselves Examples: teaching, selling  
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supply   the amount of goods or services that consumers are willing and able to produce at a given price  
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trade-off   giving up one thing to gain another when economic goals are in conflict  
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wants   goods and services that a consumer may desire or want to buy but that are not necessities  
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