Ch. 17 & Circulation
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| ______ are eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic organisms that obtain nutrients by ingestion, and are able to digest their food within their bodies. | animals
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| animals cells lack... | cell walls
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| most animals have 2 type of cells which are? | muscle cells and nerve cells which control the mucles
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| sponges (phylum porifera) lack... | true tissue
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| refers to animals that are identical all around a central axis | radial symmetry
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| exists where there is only one way to split the animal into equal halves | bilateral symmetry
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| a fluid-filled space separating the digestive tract from the outer body wall | body cavity
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| If the body cavity is not completely lined by tissue derived from mesoderm, it is called a? | pseudocoelom
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| If the body cavity is completely lined by tissue derived from mesoderm, it is called a? | true coelom
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| _____ are animals without backbones and represent 95% of the animal kingdom. | invertebrates
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| _____ are characterized by the presence of body tissues, radial symmetry, and tentacles with stinging cells. | cnidarians
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| The basic body plan of a cnidarian is a sac with a __________ | gastrovascular cavity
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| a central digestive compartment with only one opening | gastrovascular cavity
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| the body plan of Cnidarians has two variations which are? | the stationary polyp and the floating medusa
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| Cnidarians include... | jellyfish, sea anemone, coral, and hydra
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| Cnidarians are carnivores that... | use tentacles, armed with cnidocytes (“stinging cells”) for defense and to capture prey.
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| _____ are represented by soft-bodied animals and usually protected by a hard shell. | molluscs (phylum Mollusca)
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| Many molluscs feed by using a file-like organ called a ______ to scrape up food. | radula
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| the body of a mollusc has three main parts which are? | a muscular foot used for movement, a visceral mass containing most of the internal organs, and a mantle
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| a _____ is a fold of tissue that secretes the shell if present | mantle
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| what are the three major groups of molluscs? | gastropods, bivalves, and cephalopods
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| Gastropods include... | snails (protected by spiraled shell) or slugs and sea slugs snails (no shell)
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| Bivalves include... | clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops (have a shell divided into two halves hinged together)
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| Cephalopods include... | squids and octopus (typically lack an external shell and are built for speed and agility)
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| ______ are the simplest bilateral animals. | flatworms (phylum Platyhelminthes)
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| Flatworms include.... | tapeworms (taenia solium & taenia saginata), planaria, and flukes
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| The gastrovascular cavity of flatworms are... | highly branched and provide an extensive surface area for absorption of nutrients
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| ______ have body segmentation, a subdivision of the body along its length into a series of repeated parts. | Annelids (phylum Annelida)
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| what are the three main groups of annelids? | earthworms, polychaetes, and leeches
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| The body of annelids includes... | a coelom and a complete digestive tract (a mouth and anus, and one-way movement of food)
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| phylum Nematoda (Roundworms) includes... | pinworms, heartworms, hookworms, trichinella (bore into muscles)
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| Arthropods (phylum Arthropoda) are named for their jointed appendages. | ...
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| There are four main groups of arthropods: | arachnids, crustaceans, , and insects
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| Arachnids include... | spiders, scorpions, ticks, and mites
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| Crustaceans include... | crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, and barnacles.
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| Myriapods include... | millipedes (two pairs of legs pers seg) and centipedes (one pair of legs per seg)
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| Hexapods | insects (six legs)
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| Echinoderms (phylum Echinodermata) | show radial symmetry as adults but bilateral symmetry as larvae, have an endoskeleton, and have a water vascular system that facilitates movement and gas exchange
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| Echinoderms include... | sea stars, sea cucumber, sea urchins, and sand dollars
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| Vertebrates have... | unique endoskeletons composed of a cranium (skull) and
a backbone made of a series of bones called vertebrae
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| Chordates (phylum Chordata) are... | vertebrates
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| all vertebrates are chordates but... | not all chordates are vertebrates
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| Chordates consists of three groups of invertebrates: | lancelets, tunicates, hagfishes
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| The two major groups of living fishes are the | cartilaginous fishes (sharks and rays), and bony fishes (ray-finned fishes and lobe-finned fishes)
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| Amphibians exhibit... | a mixture of aquatic and terrestrial adaptations (dual life cycles)
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| Amphibians include... | frogs, toads, salamanders, and nuts
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| Reptiles are all... | coldblooded (except for birds)
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| Reptiles include... | snakes, lizards, turtles, crocodiles, alligators, and birds
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| Mammals have two unique characteristics: | hair and mammary glands
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| There are three major groups of mammals: | monotremes, marsupials, and eutherians
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| monotremes include... | platypus
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| marsupials include... | kangaroos, koala, and opposum
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| eutherians include... | true placenta animals
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| primates, the mammalian group that also includes: | lemurs, gibbons, tarsiers, monkeys, apes and humans.
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| The heart has 4 chambers which are... | 2 atria (L & R) and 2 ventricles (L & R)
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| Right side pumps for... | the lungs
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| Left side pumps for... | the whole body
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| the heart has 4 valves which are... | 2 a/v valves and 2 semi-lunar valves
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| the 2 a/v valves = | right a/v valve (tricuspid)
left a/v valve (bicuspid or mitral)
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| the 2 semi lunar valves = | pulmonary and aortic
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| RBC's = | erythrocytes (carry O2 and nutrients)
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| WBC's = | leukocytes (protection from infection)
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| Platelets = | thrombocytes (blood clotting)
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| liquid portion of blood = | plasma
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| Neutrophils = | increased bacterial infection
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| Lymphocytes = | increased viral infection
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| Monocyctes = | atypical ones/ suspect leukemia
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| Eosinophils = | parasitic work infection
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| Basophils = | allergic reaction
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| oxygen rich blood = | red
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| oxygen poor blood = | blue
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Created by:
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