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| Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the most complex to the simplest | Organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular
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| When body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease the body temperature. This is an example of | Negative feedback
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| The heart is ________ to the lungs | Medial
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| Which plane divides the body into right and left parts? | Sagittal
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| Hydrophilic molecules readily associate with | Water molecules
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| Carbohydrate molecules | Are the building blocks of cellular membranes.
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| The most important metabolic fuel molecule in the body is | Glucose
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| Lipids | Form essential structural components of cells, provide a significant energy reserve, help to maintain body temperature, and cushion organs against shocks.
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| Most of the fat found in the human body is in the form of | Triglycerides
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| Molecules that store and process genetic information are the | Nucleic acids
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| The plasma membrane is composed of | Bilayer of phosolipds
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| The movement of oxygen from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is an example of | Diffusion
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| If a red blood cell (RBC) with no solutes in its cytoplasm is placed in a 0.5% salt solution, which of the following would occur? | RBC will crenate and water will move out the cell
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| Osmotic pressure | Can be opposed by hydrostatic pressure.
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| The rough ER is responsible for | Modifying and packaging newly synthesized proteins for export to Golgi Apparatus
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| Most of the ATP required to power cellular operations is produced in the | Mitochondria
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| Which of the following consists of a network of intracellular membranes with attached ribosomes? | Rough ER
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| Cytoskeleton | Supports organelles, provides cell strength, controls cell shape and makes organelles
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| The Na+ / K+ pump does not utilize ATP, and is there involved with passive transport | false, when NA+ enters the pump it triggers hydrolysis breaking apart ATP into ADP + P
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| What is the purpose of the Na+ K+ pumps? | These pumps work to maintain a low concentration of NA+ and a high concentration of K+ in the cytosol.
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| Synthesis of lipids and glycogen take place at the | Smooth ER
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| The Nucleus | It controls the heredity characteristics of an organism, and It is responsible for protein synthesis, cell division, growth and differentiation.
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| The Nucleolus | The primary function is to assemble ribosomes, is the largest structure in the cell nucleus.
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| The Mitochondrion | It is where the citric acid cycle takes place. This is an important step in cellular respiration, which produces energy molecules called ATP.
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| The Ribosome | Are a cell structure that makes protein and can be found floating within the cytoplasm or attached to the ER.
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| Plasma membrane | The barrier of a cell by separating two of the body’s major fluid compartments – the intracellular fluid within cells and the extracellular fluid (ECF) outside cells.
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| Lysosome | Purpose is to digest things. Once the material is inside the cell, the lysosomes attach and release their enzymes.
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| Golgi apparatus | Gathers simple molecules and combines them to make molecules that are more complex. Then takes those, packages them in vesicles, and either stores or sends them.
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| Centriole | Are two small organelles. They are there to help the cell when it comes time to divide.
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| Peroxisome | They are small vesicles found around the cell. They have a single membrane that contains digestive enzymes for breaking down toxic materials in the cell.
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| Channel (ion) | Forms a pore for specific ions to flow (too big too bad)
Passive transport and facilitated diffusion
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| Carrier (integral) | Also known as transporters, looks like a revolving door, transports a specific substance across membrane by undergoing a change in shape
Passive transport and facilitated diffusion
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| Receptor (integral) | Recognizes specific ligand and alters cells functions in some way
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| Enzyme (integral and peripheral) | Catalyzes reaction inside or outside cell (depending on which direction the active side faces)
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| Linker (integral & peripheral) | Anchors filaments inside and outside the plasma membrane, provide structural stability and shape of the cell
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| Cell identity marker (glycoprotein) | Distinguishes your cells from anyone else's
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| Exocytosis | When a substance is moved across the plasma membrane out of the cell via vesicular transport
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| LDL molecules bind to integral proteins that trigger the LDL entry into the cell vesicle, in a process known as | Receptor Mediated Endocytosis
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| Provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage,and blood formation | Skeletal system
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| Contains the pituitary gland and thyroid gland | Endocrine system
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| The system that transports nutrients, metabolic wastes, gases and defense cells | Cardiovascular
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| Skin, hair and nails are associated with the | Integumentary
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| What system removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream | Respiratory system
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| This system helps maintain homeostasis, direct very specific responses, respond rapidly to change, and interprets sensory info | Nervous System
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| The monomers of proteins are | Amino Acids
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| Most of the fat found in the human body is in the form of | Trigylcerides
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| K+ is pumped ____ the cell ___ its concentration gradient | Into & against
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| The rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (together) is responsible for | Lipid synthesis, modification of new proteins, shipping molecules to the Golgi apparatus
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| During this phase of cell division, organelles duplicate and centrosome replication begins. | Interphase
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| During this phase of cell division, cleavage furrow begins to develop. | Anaphase
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| Passive transport | moves ALONG concentration gradient
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| What is the simplest form of fats | Fatty Acids
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| What is the simplest form of a Carbohydrate | Glucose
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| When a fatty acid is in solution which end can associate with water molecules? | Carboxal end
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| What are the building blocks of proteins? | Amino Acids
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| How many parts are there to a cell & what are they? | There are 3 parts: The plasma (Cell membrane), cytoplasm, and nuclues
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| _____ is a flexible yet sturdy barrier that surrounds and contains the cytoplasm of the cell | Plasma Membrane
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| What are the two types of membrane proteins? | Integral (trans membrane) proteins, which are not needed. Also, the peripheral proteins, which float around until needed.
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| Trans membrane proteins are involved in which type of diffusion? | Facilitated
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| Cytosol | Is the fluid inside a cell that communicates with the external world
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| Both cilia and flagella are made of | Microtubes
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| Functions of the plasma membrane include | Separation of the cytoplasm from the extracellular fluid, regulation of exchange of materials with the extracellular environment, sensitivity to chemical changes in the extracellular fluid, structural support
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| Whats are the three parts of the Cytoskeleton | Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments, and microtubes
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