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A&P Quiz
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the most complex to the simplest | Organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular |
| When body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease the body temperature. This is an example of | Negative feedback |
| The heart is ________ to the lungs | Medial |
| Which plane divides the body into right and left parts? | Sagittal |
| Hydrophilic molecules readily associate with | Water molecules |
| Carbohydrate molecules | Are the building blocks of cellular membranes. |
| The most important metabolic fuel molecule in the body is | Glucose |
| Lipids | Form essential structural components of cells, provide a significant energy reserve, help to maintain body temperature, and cushion organs against shocks. |
| Most of the fat found in the human body is in the form of | Triglycerides |
| Molecules that store and process genetic information are the | Nucleic acids |
| The plasma membrane is composed of | Bilayer of phosolipds |
| The movement of oxygen from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is an example of | Diffusion |
| If a red blood cell (RBC) with no solutes in its cytoplasm is placed in a 0.5% salt solution, which of the following would occur? | RBC will crenate and water will move out the cell |
| Osmotic pressure | Can be opposed by hydrostatic pressure. |
| The rough ER is responsible for | Modifying and packaging newly synthesized proteins for export to Golgi Apparatus |
| Most of the ATP required to power cellular operations is produced in the | Mitochondria |
| Which of the following consists of a network of intracellular membranes with attached ribosomes? | Rough ER |
| Cytoskeleton | Supports organelles, provides cell strength, controls cell shape and makes organelles |
| The Na+ / K+ pump does not utilize ATP, and is there involved with passive transport | false, when NA+ enters the pump it triggers hydrolysis breaking apart ATP into ADP + P |
| What is the purpose of the Na+ K+ pumps? | These pumps work to maintain a low concentration of NA+ and a high concentration of K+ in the cytosol. |
| Synthesis of lipids and glycogen take place at the | Smooth ER |
| The Nucleus | It controls the heredity characteristics of an organism, and It is responsible for protein synthesis, cell division, growth and differentiation. |
| The Nucleolus | The primary function is to assemble ribosomes, is the largest structure in the cell nucleus. |
| The Mitochondrion | It is where the citric acid cycle takes place. This is an important step in cellular respiration, which produces energy molecules called ATP. |
| The Ribosome | Are a cell structure that makes protein and can be found floating within the cytoplasm or attached to the ER. |
| Plasma membrane | The barrier of a cell by separating two of the body’s major fluid compartments – the intracellular fluid within cells and the extracellular fluid (ECF) outside cells. |
| Lysosome | Purpose is to digest things. Once the material is inside the cell, the lysosomes attach and release their enzymes. |
| Golgi apparatus | Gathers simple molecules and combines them to make molecules that are more complex. Then takes those, packages them in vesicles, and either stores or sends them. |
| Centriole | Are two small organelles. They are there to help the cell when it comes time to divide. |
| Peroxisome | They are small vesicles found around the cell. They have a single membrane that contains digestive enzymes for breaking down toxic materials in the cell. |
| Channel (ion) | Forms a pore for specific ions to flow (too big too bad) Passive transport and facilitated diffusion |
| Carrier (integral) | Also known as transporters, looks like a revolving door, transports a specific substance across membrane by undergoing a change in shape Passive transport and facilitated diffusion |
| Receptor (integral) | Recognizes specific ligand and alters cells functions in some way |
| Enzyme (integral and peripheral) | Catalyzes reaction inside or outside cell (depending on which direction the active side faces) |
| Linker (integral & peripheral) | Anchors filaments inside and outside the plasma membrane, provide structural stability and shape of the cell |
| Cell identity marker (glycoprotein) | Distinguishes your cells from anyone else's |
| Exocytosis | When a substance is moved across the plasma membrane out of the cell via vesicular transport |
| LDL molecules bind to integral proteins that trigger the LDL entry into the cell vesicle, in a process known as | Receptor Mediated Endocytosis |
| Provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage,and blood formation | Skeletal system |
| Contains the pituitary gland and thyroid gland | Endocrine system |
| The system that transports nutrients, metabolic wastes, gases and defense cells | Cardiovascular |
| Skin, hair and nails are associated with the | Integumentary |
| What system removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream | Respiratory system |
| This system helps maintain homeostasis, direct very specific responses, respond rapidly to change, and interprets sensory info | Nervous System |
| The monomers of proteins are | Amino Acids |
| Most of the fat found in the human body is in the form of | Trigylcerides |
| K+ is pumped ____ the cell ___ its concentration gradient | Into & against |
| The rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (together) is responsible for | Lipid synthesis, modification of new proteins, shipping molecules to the Golgi apparatus |
| During this phase of cell division, organelles duplicate and centrosome replication begins. | Interphase |
| During this phase of cell division, cleavage furrow begins to develop. | Anaphase |
| Passive transport | moves ALONG concentration gradient |
| What is the simplest form of fats | Fatty Acids |
| What is the simplest form of a Carbohydrate | Glucose |
| When a fatty acid is in solution which end can associate with water molecules? | Carboxal end |
| What are the building blocks of proteins? | Amino Acids |
| How many parts are there to a cell & what are they? | There are 3 parts: The plasma (Cell membrane), cytoplasm, and nuclues |
| _____ is a flexible yet sturdy barrier that surrounds and contains the cytoplasm of the cell | Plasma Membrane |
| What are the two types of membrane proteins? | Integral (trans membrane) proteins, which are not needed. Also, the peripheral proteins, which float around until needed. |
| Trans membrane proteins are involved in which type of diffusion? | Facilitated |
| Cytosol | Is the fluid inside a cell that communicates with the external world |
| Both cilia and flagella are made of | Microtubes |
| Functions of the plasma membrane include | Separation of the cytoplasm from the extracellular fluid, regulation of exchange of materials with the extracellular environment, sensitivity to chemical changes in the extracellular fluid, structural support |
| Whats are the three parts of the Cytoskeleton | Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments, and microtubes |
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ImaniMilll