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Chapters 1-5 Martini, Timmons, & Tallitsch, 6th Edition, Human Anatomy

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
Merocrine and erocrine glands both produce sweat via   show
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show Supporting cells  
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show Actual cell  
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Ligaments   show
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Aponeuroses   show
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Tendons   show
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Holocrine secretion   show
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Apocrine   show
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show  
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Endocrine   show
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Exocrine   show
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show skin, vagina, esophagus  
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What cells make up LACT?   show
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show Adipocytes  
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show Osteocytes  
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What cells make up cartilage?   show
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Collagen   show
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show Made up of elastic (cardiovascular system)  
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Reticular   show
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What are the fluid connective tissues?   show
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show LACT, Adipose , and Reticular  
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show DRCT, DICT  
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show Bone and Cartilage  
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show long-term responsiveness  
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show The change in living organisms that allow them to live successfully in an environment.  
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show The process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type.  
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Excretion   show
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show Refers to an increase in some quantity over time, often due to an increase in the size and or the # of individual cells  
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Metabolism   show
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show Construction of molecules via metabolic pathways from smaller units. (building things)  
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show Breakdown of molecules, via metabolic pathways, into smaller units, consequently releasing energy. (catastrophe)  
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Reproduction   show
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show The patient lying down w/ their face up  
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show The patient lying down w/ thei face down  
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show The ability of an organism to change activity or functioning, based upon the application of a stimulus: also irritability  
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show Body cells  
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Sex Cells   show
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show embedded in the phospholipids bilayer  
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Peripheral proteins   show
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Channels   show
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Gated Channels   show
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Microvilli   show
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Diffusion   show
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Osmosis   show
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Active membrane Processes   show
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Active Transport   show
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show A Process where cell absorb material (proteins) from the outside by engulfing it w/ their cell membrane.  
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Phagocytosis   show
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Receptor- mediated endocytosis   show
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show Cell drinking; uptake solutes and single molecules; proteins  
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show Intracellular fluid that contains dissolved solutes and surrounds the cellular organelles  
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show Specialized subunits w/i a cell that has specific functions  
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show Has DNA; cell's control center; transmits genetic info  
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Nucleoli   show
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Chromatin   show
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show bean shaped organelles; cellular power plants; generate 95% of the cells ATP  
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Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough ER (RER)   show
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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Sommth ER (SER)   show
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show Packages materials for lysosomes, peroxisomes, secretory vesicles, and membrane segments that are used to replenish the cell membrane.  
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Lysosome   show
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Peroxisomes   show
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Ribosomes   show
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show Located w/i the cytosol  
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show Bound to the RER  
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show Confers strength and flexibility to the cytoplasm; provides support and shape to the cell.  
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Microtubules   show
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Microfilaments   show
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Intermediate Filaments   show
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Thick Filaments   show
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show Directs the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Forms the bases of cilia and flagella  
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Cilia   show
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Flagellum   show
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Microvilli   show
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show G1; cells are active/ proteins being made S; DNA replicates itself G2; enzymes are synthesized  
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Prophase   show
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Metaphase   show
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Anaphase   show
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show Nuclear membranes form and the nuclei enlarge as the chromosomes begin to uncoil  
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show Contractile ring forms a cleavage furrow squeezes the cells apart.  
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Tissue is defined as   show
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show The study of tissues  
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The four primary tissue types are   show
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show Sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity who's purposes are protection, sensory reception, secretion, absorption, ion transport.  
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show Microvilli; increase epithelial surface area; may anchor sheets of mucous Stereocilia; very long microvilli that can not move Cilia; move fluid, usually mucous  
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Epithelial Lateral Surface Features   show
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Epithelial Basal Surface Features   show
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Simple Epithelia   show
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Stratified Epithelia   show
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show a simple epithelium that contains both short and tall cells; pseudostratified columnar  
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show Flattened cytoplasm and nucleus  
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show Spherical Nucleus  
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show Oval or elongated nucleus, usually located basally  
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show Stratifies epithelium that stretches and changes shape due to the expansion of their cells' lumens (open spaces)  
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show Lines alveoli of lungs; seen in endothelium of blood vessels and mesothelium of the ventral body cavity;Molecules diffuse through the delicate and thin layer of flat cells  
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Stratified Squamous Epithelium   show
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show kidney tubules and ducts + secretory portions of small glands. (secretion + absorption)  
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Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium is found in the   show
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show Non- ciliated is found in the stomach, intestines, gallbladder, ducts and glands Ciliated is found in the bronchi, uterine tubes, and the uterus Main purpose is abso  
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show Rare in the body- small amounts are found in the male urethra The main purpose is protection and secretion.  
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show Non ciliated is found in the sperm ducts Ciliated is found in the trachea and upper respiratory tract Its main purpose is Secretion  
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Transitional Epithelium is found lining the   show
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Exocrine glands   show
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show Produce a watery solution that contains enzymes  
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show Produce viscous, sticky mucus  
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show Produce both types of secretions  
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show Individual secretory cells that occur in epithelia containing scattered gland cells.  
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show Produce exocrine or endocrine secretions  
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Endocrine glands   show
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Fibroblast   show
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show Secrete the collagen fibers and ground substance of the matrix  
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show Inhabit small pits or cavities called lacunae  
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show Classified as atypical connective tissue because of it's structure; yet, it is a connective tissue type because it originates from mesenchyme  
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RBC   show
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show White blood cells/ leukocytes  
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show Any membrane that covers the outer surface of the body  
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Mucous Membrane (mucosa)   show
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Serous membrane (serosa)   show
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Skeletal Muscle   show
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show Branching cells have a striated appearance; one nucleus; presence of intercalated discs special cellular junctions  
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show No visible striations; one centrally located nucleus; spindle shaped cells; usually functions in propelling substances through hollow organs  
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Neurons   show
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Neuralgia( supporting cells)   show
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Functions of Integumentary system   show
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Keratinocytes   show
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show Produce melanin  
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Merkel Cells   show
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Langerhan Cells   show
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Stratum Basale/ Germinativum (basal Layer)   show
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Stratum Spinosum   show
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Stratum Granulosum (Granular layer)   show
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Stratum Lucidum (Clear Layer) (Does not stain well)   show
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Stratum Corneum (horny layer)   show
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show Divided into papillary + reticular; Fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, scattered white blood cells; supplied w. nerve fibers + blood vessels; nourishment + temp regulation  
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show Most numerous type Produces true sweat (99% H2o, 1% electrolytes)  
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show sweat cools the skin surface and reduces body temp  
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Functions of sweat; excretion of   show
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show Via dilution of chemicals on the skin and via bactericidal effects.  
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Apocrine   show
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show Milk producing glands Related to apocrine sweat glands  
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show Auditory canal (ears) Cerumen (earwax)  
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The Scientific study of the structure of the human body is   show
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show systems  
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The body is placed in what position?   show
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show abdominopelvic cavity  
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show Thoracic Cavity  
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The body cavity surrounded by the hipbone is called the   show
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The term "arm" in anatomy refers to the region between the   show
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The term "leg" in anatomy refers to the region between the   show
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show Cellular  
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The lungs belong to the   show
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The stomach belongs to the   show
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show extracellular fluid  
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show cytosol  
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What stricture in a cell is mostly composed of a phospholipid bilayer?   show
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show Mitochondria  
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Which organelle makes protein for use outside the cell?   show
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Which organelle in the cell produces lipids?   show
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show Nucleus  
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show Nucleolus  
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show Prophase  
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When in the cell cycle do chromosomes first split apart?   show
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The division of the cytoplasm occurs in what part of the cell cycle?   show
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show Building something; ribosomes  
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Catabolism   show
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Axial   show
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Appendicular   show
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show lying down w/ fave up  
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Prone   show
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How many Phalanges does a human have?   show
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How many digits does a human have?   show
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show A two layer serous membrane  
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show liquid in the cell  
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Ribosomes Produce   show
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Diffusion   show
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show High Concentration to low concentration. Solvent is moving. (H2o)  
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show Requires ATP, Against concentration gradient, low concentration to high concentration, (going up river)  
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show Active and moving two things  
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show cell drinking  
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Phagocytosis   show
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Mitochondria   show
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show cell seperation  
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show Atoms- building blocks of matter Combine to form small molecules and larger macromolecules  
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show Cells are comprised of molecules Smallest living units in the body  
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Tissue Level   show
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Organ Level   show
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Organ system Level   show
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show The highest level of structural organization. Combination of all organ systems functioning together to sustain the life of the organism.  
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Integumentary System   show
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Skeletal System   show
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show Produces Motion Provides Support Produces Heat  
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show Control Center of body. Responds ti internal + external stimuli by activating appropriate muscles and glands.  
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Endocrine System   show
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show Comprised of the heart, blood vessels, and blood to transport materials w/i the body. Respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes  
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Lymphoid (lymphatic/immune system)   show
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Respiratory System   show
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show Processing food + absorbing nutrients  
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show Eliminate excess water, salts, and nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water electrolyte, and acid base balance of the blood  
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show Produces sex cells and hormones for the purpose of producing offspring  
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show Person standing upright, arms at sides, palms facing forward feet flat on floor, face straight ahead  
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show Head. Neck, Torso  
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show upper and lower limbs  
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Cephalon (Cephalic)   show
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show neck region  
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show chest region  
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show upper arm  
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Antebrachium (antebrachial)   show
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Carpus (carpal)   show
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Manus (manual)   show
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Pollicis (pollex)   show
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Abdomen (abdominal)   show
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Umbilicus (umbilical)   show
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show pelvic region  
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inguen (inguinal)   show
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Pubis (pubic)   show
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Lumbus (lumbar)   show
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show buttock region  
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show thigh  
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show kneecap  
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Crus(crural)   show
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Sura (sural)   show
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show ankle  
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show foot (pedals of a bike)  
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Plants (plantar)   show
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Hallux (hallux)   show
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show Thin serous membrane that lines the chest walls  
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show thin serous membrane that adheres to the lungs  
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show Fills the pleural cavity between the layers of the serous membrane  
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Parietal Pericardium   show
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show The thin serous membrane that adheres to the heart surface  
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show Fills the pericardial cavity between the layers of the serous membrane  
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Parietal Peritoneum   show
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Visceral peritoneum   show
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Kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas, and ureters are retroperitoneal baecause   show
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Absorption   show
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show Thin skin  
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Merocrine and ericrine glands both produce sweat via   show
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show Periosteum (DICT)  
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show Osteons  
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show endosteum (DICT)  
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show Osteons, Trabeculae + Spicules  
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show intervertebral discs + symphyses  
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show Epiphyses (end of bones)  
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show auricles (ears)  
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show DRCT  
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show the breakdown of bones  
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Mature osteocytes are found in   show
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The structure of compact bone is   show
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show an open network of struts and plates  
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In the metaphysis you will find   show
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Epiphyses   show
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Diaphysis   show
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Osteogenesis   show
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show Repairing the tissue (cartilage) by depositing calcium salts into tissues  
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show intramembranous (sheet of membranes)  
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Passive transport   show
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Active transport   show
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Rats Prefer Houses w/ Cheese   show
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show Fibrocytes- Fibroblasts  
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show ligaments + tendons  
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Where is DICT found?   show
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show lubricate  
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show Pain and temp  
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What is an osteon?   show
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show short  
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show long  
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In terms if shape, what type of bone is the sternum?   show
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In terms of shape what type are the upper bones of the cranium?   show
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The inorganic portion of bone tissue is made of what mineral shaft?   show
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A young adult has how many bones?   show
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The patella is part of which skeletal division?   show
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show forming of the bones  
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The ribs are part of which skeletal division?   show
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The radius is part of which skeletal division?   show
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show short bone  
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The ends of a long bone are known as the   show
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show pectoral girdle  
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show axial skeleton  
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show eponychium,  
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The outermost portion of a cross section of hair is known as the   show
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show Contracts when cold , secually aroused, and causes goose bumps  
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show Hair shaft  
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Since hair color is determined by pigment in the cortex and the hair shaft is dead, explain the fallacy of a person's hair turning white over night   show
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Electrolysis is the process of hair removal using electric current. Explain how this might destroy the process of hair growth in relation to the hair bulb   show
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Hair of the axilla is considered determinate hair because   show
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show Sebaceous glands  
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show merocrine  
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show Dermis  
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What is the most common connective tissue fiber found in the dermis?   show
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The dermis has two main layers. Which one of these is the most superficial?   show
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show every 6 weeks  
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show Keratin  
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What cell type [produces a pigment that darkens the skin?   show
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What is the main function of Collagenous Fibers in the integumentary system?   show
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show Bring nutrients to the epidermis + dermis  
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What is the main function of the nerves in the integumentary system?   show
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In the cross section of bone you can usually see two types of bones, what are these?   show
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What is another name for calcium salts in the bone?   show
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What is the function of hyaline cartilage?   show
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show Protects from wear and tear @ weight bearing or stressed joints  
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What kind of fibers are in fibrocartilage?   show
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show Perichondrium  
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What is the cell type found in adipose tissue?   show
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show Elastic connective tissue  
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What is the ground substance of blood called?   show
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show Neuron  
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What type of muscle makes up most of the muscle of your arm?   show
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The heats is mostly composed of what kind of muscle?   show
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show Smooth  
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What muscle cell type has intercalated discs?   show
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show nonstriated and involuntary  
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show striated and involuntary  
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show striated and voluntary  
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What cell type lines the inside of the urinary bladder?   show
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show flat, egg shaped  
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A multiple layer of flattened epithelial cells represents what cell type?   show
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A single flattened layer of cells represents what type of epithelium?   show
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show Squamous, Cuboidal, Columnar  
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show 1  
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show basement  
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What are the four main tissues of the body   show
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Long Bones   show
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show Roughly cube- shaped ->Carpals(wrist bones); patella(also includes sesamoid bones)  
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Flat bones   show
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Irregular Bones   show
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Organization of the zones within the epiphyseal cartilage (epiphyseal to diaphyseal side)   show
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Bone deppsition   show
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show Osteoclasts break down bone by secreting acid (which dissolves the mineral part of the matrix) and lysosomal enzymes ( which digest the organic part of the matrix).  
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show A crack of break in a bone  
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show A large blood clot that closes off the injured vessels and leaves a fibrous meshwork in the damaged area  
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show A softening of bone due to a decrease in the mineral content  
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show a painful infection in a bone, usually caused by bacteria  
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Osteopenia   show
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Osteoporosis   show
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show a supporting connective tissue with specialized cells and a solid, extracellular matrix of protein fibers and a ground substance.  
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supine   show
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Cytology   show
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homeostasis   show
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lumbar   show
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show face down  
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show all chemical activity in the body  
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ventral body cavity   show
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Histology   show
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Spongy bone is formed of   show
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The basic functional unit of mature compact bone is the   show
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show a hyaline cartilage model  
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When sexual hormone production increases, bone production   show
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The presence of an epiphyseal line indicates that   show
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show osteopenia  
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The process by which the diameter of a developing bone enlarges is   show
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The sternum is an example of a   show
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a small, rough projection of a bone is termed a   show
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show a decline in the activity of sebaceous glands  
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show the dermal blood supply pigment concentration pigment composition  
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show reticular layer  
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show stratum basale  
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All of the following are effects of aging except   show
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show synthesis of vitamin C  
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Carotene is   show
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Which best describes hair root?   show
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show Deep fascia  
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The reduction of friction between the parietal and visceral surfaces of an internal cavity is the function of   show
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show elastic cartolage  
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An epithelium is connected to underlying connective tissue by   show
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Which of the following are wandering cells found in connective tissue proper?   show
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show glycocalyx  
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show a lower concentration of dissolved proteins  
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show continual change in the characteristics of membranes increases in the size of the cell response of the cell to a specific environmental stimulus  
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If a cell lacks mitochondria, the direct result will be that it cannot   show
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show synthesis, storage, transport  
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show permit the free passage of some materials but restrict passage of others  
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show Phagocytosis  
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show internal transport of nutrients, wastes and gases  
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show esophagus,trachea, thymus  
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show lymphatic system  
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show brachial  
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