HarmonicMotion/Waves
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| Harmonic Motion | motion that repeats itself
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| harmony | means "multiples of"
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| cycle | the unit of harmonic motion that repeats itself over and over again
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| oscillator | a system that show harmonic motion
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| period | the amount of time for one cycle; measured in seconds
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| frequency | the amount of cycles in one secondH
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| Hertz | the unit for frequency
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| amplitude | how big one cycle is or the height of a wave
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| damping | the gradual loss of amplitude of a wave or oscillator due to friction
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| wave | a traveling disturbance that transfers energy
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| crest | the highest point of a transverse wave
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| trough | the lowest point of a transverse wave
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| wavelength | the distance between successive points on a wave; measured crest to crest or trough to trough
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| transverse | waves that vibrate perpendicular to the motion that they travel
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| longitudinal | waves that vibrate in the same direction as their motion
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| compressions | parts of a longitudinal wave where the molecules come close together and the most energy
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| rarefactions | parts of a longitudinal wave where the molecules move apart and the least energy
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| medium | the material through which waves can move through which can be a vacuum, solid, liquid, or gas
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| mechanical wave | wave that requires a medium to move thorugh
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| non-mechanical wave | wave that does not require a medium to travel through (also known as electromagnetic waves)
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| wave interference | the phenomena that results from the interaction of two or more waves
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| constructive interference | when two waves interfere to create a larger wave
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| destructive interference | when two waves interfere to create a smaller wave or cancel out
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| in-phase | when two waves' crests and troughs match up and the waves are in time with each other
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| out-of-phase | when two waves' crests and troughs do not match up and the waves are in not time with each other
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| natural frequency | the frequency at which an object naturally vibrates
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| fundamental | the first harmonic, or natural frequency, of a wave
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| harmonic | a multiple of a wave's or object's natural frequency
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| standing wave | a wave that occurs when it is trapped by a fixed end or stationary boundary
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| node | locations on a standing wave that do not move
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| antinode | locations on a standing wave that move the most
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| resonance | when one object vibrating at the same natural frequency of a second object forces the second object into vibrational motion
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| reflection | when a wave bounces off an obstacle
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| image | the result of light reflecting
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| echo | the result of sound reflecting
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| refraction | when a wave bends when it crosses a boundary at an angle
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| diffraction | when waves bend around corners or passes through an opening
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| absorption | when the amplitude of a wave gets smaller and smaller as it passes through a material
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Created by:
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